1. HIV AIDS What is it? the human immunodeficiency virus a slow retrovirus It takes years for the symptoms to show. Invades white cells in the blood by literally writing the structure of itself backwards into hem and reproducing itself inside the cells.

2. Where did HIV come from? Manmade and produced by a chemical weapons lab Medical research gone wrong Evolved in sub-Saharan Africa possibly through contaminated meat or a chimpanzee bite

3. How is it spread? Exchange of body fluids during sexual intercourse Contaminated needles in intravenous drug use (IDU) Contaminated blood transfusions From mother to child during pregnancy

4. 3 patterns of spread: 1. Covers areas which began to see a spread of HIV in the late 1970s, first among homosexual, bisexual and drug- using communities and later in the general population eg North America, western Europe, Australia and some parts of Latin America

5. 2. Covers those countries where the spread has been essentially through heterosexual contact. This includes the bulk of sub- Saharan Africa, where more women than men are infected.

6. 3. Covers those regions where the disease appeared later (1980s) and was brought in by travellers and sometimes by blood imported for transfusions. This includes eastern Europe, Asia, the middle east and north Africa.

7. Territory size shows the proportion of all people aged 15-49 with HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) worldwide, living there.

8. HIV: New facts and stunning data visuals - Gapminder.orgHIV: New facts and stunning data visuals - Gapminder.org

9. Are HIV statistics reliable? Medical records are confidential Many people are not aware they are infected The social stigma means people do not report it until the later stages of the disease AIDS is not always given as the cause of death It has been alleged that the disease has been overestimated in parts of Africa so that countries can obtain more overseas aid.

10. AP3: Key Essay Question With reference to case studies, discuss the distribution, impact on health, economic development and lifestyle of HIV/AIDS. Read: Geo file P282-285 in textbook Photocopy handout No word limit.