2. Objectives © Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 1 Objectives

3. © Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 2 Objectives Chapter 26: Inserting Endnotes, Footnotes, and References Performance Objectives  Create Footnotes and Endnotes Create Footnotes and Endnotes  CHECKPOINT 1 CHECKPOINT 1  Create Citations and Bibliographies Create Citations and Bibliographies  Insert a Sources List Insert a Sources List  CHECKPOINT 2 CHECKPOINT 2

4. © Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 3 Objectives Create Footnotes and Endnotes  Research papers and reports generally contain information from a variety of sources.  To acknowledge and credit these sources, you can insert footnotes or endnotes in a document formatted in a specific reference style, such as MLA style. (You will learn more about different reference styles in the next section.)  A footnote is an explanatory note or reference that is placed at the bottom of the page on which a source is referenced.  An endnote is also an explanatory note or reference, but it is placed at the end of the paper or report.

5. © Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 4 Objectives Create Footnotes and Endnotes - continued To insert a footnote: 1. Click the REFERENCES tab. 2. Click the Insert Footnote button in the Footnotes group. 3. Type the footnote text. Insert Footnote button

6. © Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 5 Objectives Create Footnotes and Endnotes - continued footnote text

7. © Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 6 Objectives Create Footnotes and Endnotes - continued To insert an endnote: 1. Click the REFERENCES tab. 2. Click the Insert Endnote button in the Footnotes group. 3. Type the endnote text. Insert Endnote button

8. © Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 7 Objectives Create Footnotes and Endnotes - continued  When you print a document that contains footnotes, Word automatically reduces the number of text lines on the page to create space for the footnote(s) and the line separating the footnote(s) from the document text.  Word separates the footnote(s) from the document text with a 2-inch line that begins at the left margin.  If the page does not contain enough space for the footnote(s), the note number(s) and reference text are moved to the next page.

9. © Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 8 Objectives Create Footnotes and Endnotes - continued To view footnotes: 1. Click the REFERENCES tab. 2. Click the Next Footnote button in the Footnotes group. Next Footnote button

10. © Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 9 Objectives Create Footnotes and Endnotes - continued  When you move, copy, or delete a footnote or endnote reference number, all of the remaining footnotes or endnotes renumber automatically.  To move a footnote or endnote, select the reference number and then click the Cut button in the Clipboard group on the HOME tab. Position the insertion point at the location that you want the footnote or endnote inserted and then click the Paste button.  To delete a footnote or endnote, select the reference number and then press the Delete key. This deletes the reference number as well as the footnote or endnote text.

11. Objectives © Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 10 CHECKPOINT 1 1)This is an explanatory note or reference that is placed at the bottom of the page. a.footnote b.endnote c.footer d.header 1)This is an explanatory note or reference that is placed at the bottom of the page. a.footnote b.endnote c.footer d.header 3)The Footnote button is located on this tab. a.HOME b.INSERT c.REFERENCES d.REVIEW 3)The Footnote button is located on this tab. a.HOME b.INSERT c.REFERENCES d.REVIEW 2)This is an explanatory note or reference that is placed at the end of the document. a.footnote b.endnote c.footer d.header 2)This is an explanatory note or reference that is placed at the end of the document. a.footnote b.endnote c.footer d.header 4)What does Word insert at the bottom of the page when you create a footnote? a.a text box for footnote text b.a page number c.a footer d.a separator line 4)What does Word insert at the bottom of the page when you create a footnote? a.a text box for footnote text b.a page number c.a footer d.a separator line Next Question Next Slide Answer

12. © Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 11 Objectives Create Citations and Bibliographies  In addition to using footnotes and endnotes to credit sources in a research paper or report, consider inserting in-text citations and a page listing the references to identify sources of quotations, facts, ideas, and summarized material.  An in-text citation acknowledges that you are borrowing information from a source rather than plagiarizing (stealing) the words or ideas of another.

13. © Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 12 Objectives Create Citations and Bibliographies - continued  Word provides three commonly used editorial styles for citing references in research papers and reports:  the American Psychological Association (APA) reference style, which is generally used in the social sciences and research fields  the Modern Language Association (MLA) style, which is generally used in the humanities and English composition  and The Chicago Manual of Style (CMS), which is used in both the humanities and social sciences and considered more complex than APA or MLA style

14. © Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 13 Objectives Create Citations and Bibliographies - continued  When using MLA style, in the upper left corner of the first page of the document, insert your name, your instructor’s name, the course title, and the current date, all double-spaced.  Double-space after the date and then type the title of the document centered on the page.  Double-space after the title and then type the first line of text.  Finally, insert a header in the upper right corner that includes your last name followed by the current page number on each page.

15. © Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 14 Objectives Create Citations and Bibliographies - continued  When using APA style, create a title page that is separate from the text of the paper.  On this page, include the title of your paper, your name, and your school’s name, all double-spaced, centered, and positioned on the upper half of the page.  The title page also includes a header with the text Running Head: followed by the title of your paper in uppercase letters at the left margin and the page number at the right margin.

16. © Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 15 Objectives Create Citations and Bibliographies - continued To insert a new citation: 1. Click the REFERENCES tab. 2. Click the Insert Citation button in the Citations & Bibliography group. 3. Click the Add New Source option at the drop-down list. 4. Type the necessary source information. 5. Click OK. Add New Source option

17. © Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 16 Objectives Create Citations and Bibliographies - continued Select the type of reference you want to cite by clicking this down-pointing arrow. Type information about a new source in the fields of this dialog box.

18. © Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 17 Objectives Create Citations and Bibliographies - continued To insert a citation placeholder: 1. Click the REFERENCES tab. 2. Click the Insert Citation button in the Citations & Bibliography group. 3. Click Add New Placeholder at the drop-down list. 4. Type a name for the citation placeholder. 5. Click OK. Add New Placeholder option

19. © Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 18 Objectives Create Citations and Bibliographies - continued To edit a source: 1. Click the REFERENCES tab. 2. Click the desired citation in the document. 3. Click the Citation Options arrow. 4. Click Edit Source at the drop- down list. 5. Make the desired changes in the Edit Source dialog box. 6. Click OK. Citation Options arrow

20. © Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 19 Objectives Create Citations and Bibliographies - continued To insert a citation with an existing source: 1. Click the REFERENCES tab. 2. Click the Insert Citation button in the Citations & Bibliography group. 3. Click the desired source at the drop-down list. Existing source

21. © Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 20 Objectives Create Citations and Bibliographies - continued Master List Current List

22. © Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 21 Objectives Create Citations and Bibliographies - continued To modify source information: 1. Click the REFERENCES tab. 2. Click the Manage Sources button. 3. Edit, add, and/or delete sources. 4. Click the Close button. Manage Sources button

23. © Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 22 Objectives Create Citations and Bibliographies - continued To insert a page number in a citation: 1. Click the citation to display the placeholder. 2. Click the Citation Options arrow. 3. Click the Edit Citation option. 4. Type the page number(s). 5. Click OK. Edit Citation option

24. © Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 23 Objectives Insert a Sources List  If you include citations in a report or research paper, you need to insert a sources list as a separate page at the end of the document.  A sources list is an alphabetical list of the books, journal articles, reports, and other sources referenced in the report or paper.  Depending on the reference style used in the report or paper, a sources list may be a bibliography, references page, or works cited page.  When you type source information for citations, Word automatically saves the information from all of the fields and compiles a sources list, alphabetized by the authors’ last names and/or the titles of the sources.

25. © Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 24 Objectives Insert a Sources List - continued To insert a sources list: 1. Insert a new page at the end of the document. 2. Click the REFERENCES tab. 3. Click the Bibliography button in the Citations & Bibliography group. 4. Click the desired predesigned works cited, reference, or bibliography option. Predesigned built-in Works Cited option

26. © Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 25 Objectives Insert a Sources List - continued  Word automatically inserts new source information into the sources list.  Word will not automatically update the sources list.  To update the sources list, click anywhere in the list and then click the Update Citations and Bibliography tab.

27. © Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 26 Objectives Insert a Sources List - continued To update the sources list: 1. Click anywhere in the sources list. 2. Click the Update Citations and Bibliography tab. Update Citations and Bibliography tab

28. © Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 27 Objectives Insert a Sources List - continued  The different reference styles have specific formatting guidelines.  The formatting applied by Word to the sources list may need to be changed to meet the specific guidelines of the MLA, APA, or Chicago style.

29. © Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 28 Objectives Insert a Sources List - continued  MLA and APA styles require the following formatting guidelines for the sources list:  Begin the sources list on a separate page after the last page of text in the report.  Include the title Works Cited, References, or Bibliography at the top of the page and center it on the width of the page.  Double-space between and within entries.  Begin each entry at the left margin and format second and subsequent lines in each entry with a hanging indent.  Alphabetize the entries by the authors’ names.

30. © Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 29 Objectives Insert a Sources List - continued To change the citation style: 1. Click the REFERENCES tab. 2. Click the down-pointing arrow at the right of the Style option in the Citations & Bibliography group. 3. Click the desired style. Style option

31. Objectives © Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 30 CHECKPOINT 2 1)This reference style is generally used in the social sciences and research fields. a.MLA b.APA c.CMS d.MAL 1)This reference style is generally used in the social sciences and research fields. a.MLA b.APA c.CMS d.MAL 3)If you include a direct quote from a source, you will want to include these around the quote. a.quotation marks b.parentheses c.commas d.asterisks 3)If you include a direct quote from a source, you will want to include these around the quote. a.quotation marks b.parentheses c.commas d.asterisks 2)In this section, the Source Manager dialog box displays all of the citations you have created in Word. a.Current List b.Source List c.Master List d.Main List 2)In this section, the Source Manager dialog box displays all of the citations you have created in Word. a.Current List b.Source List c.Master List d.Main List 4)Insert this for a document formatted in the MLA style. a.works cited page b.bibliography c.cover page d.reference page 4)Insert this for a document formatted in the MLA style. a.works cited page b.bibliography c.cover page d.reference page Next Question Next Slide Answer