1. The Renaissance

2. The Renaissance is… The artistic and intellectual revival that brought Europe out of the Dark Ages A result of the contact with the East during the Crusades Lead to trade, towns and the Nation State

3. Trade TTTTrade with the East flourished along the accessible Italian Trade routes IIIItalian merchants prospered and grew into their own powerful class. IIIItalian Bankers were so successful, they funded the Crusades and the New world Exploration IIIItaly became the hub of the Renaissance

4. Intellectual Revival Due to growing traffic from trade, towns grew into metropolitan cities Due to growing traffic from trade, towns grew into metropolitan cities Cultures came together, mixing races, religions, goods and ideas Cultures came together, mixing races, religions, goods and ideas The Arab World introduced Science, Math, literature and philosophy to Western Europe The Arab World introduced Science, Math, literature and philosophy to Western Europe The new ideas and information lead to European Universities The new ideas and information lead to European Universities Education became important once again Education became important once again

5. Artistic Awakening The ancient Greek & Roman values of thinking, questioning and reasoning became popular once again The ancient Greek & Roman values of thinking, questioning and reasoning became popular once again Creative thought lead to creative expression Creative thought lead to creative expression All forms of art and architecture flourished all over Europe All forms of art and architecture flourished all over Europe New forms and styles were introduced to make the Renaissance an artistic awakening New forms and styles were introduced to make the Renaissance an artistic awakening

6. Out with the Old: MEDIEVAL ART Art in The Dark Ages focused on religious themes and people Art in The Dark Ages focused on religious themes and people Style was unrealistic: Style was unrealistic: Disproportionate: size of people & buildings was unrealistic Disproportionate: size of people & buildings was unrealistic Anatomy was incorrect: little understanding of the human body Anatomy was incorrect: little understanding of the human body Detail was simplistic and exaggerated Detail was simplistic and exaggerated

7. Medieval Art Religious characters had saucers around their heads to depict halos of holiness Children were often depicted as mini adults Pictures are in 2-D, with flat features and few accurate details

8. In with the New: REALISM Realism: “The true portrayal of nature and men in art” Realism: “The true portrayal of nature and men in art” New focus on “Real Life” themes (not just religious) New focus on “Real Life” themes (not just religious) Renaissance Art is more studied & skillful Renaissance Art is more studied & skillful Pays careful attention to realistic detail Pays careful attention to realistic detail Understands human anatomy Understands human anatomy Uses perspective & correct proportions Uses perspective & correct proportions

9. Renaissance Art Paintings became 3- dimensional (use of perspective) Detail in the people is much more realistic Images are proportionate and accurate (ex: baby)

10. Decline of Church Power During the Renaissance, the church lost much of its power During the Renaissance, the church lost much of its power In the 13 th Century, The Church split into two In the 13 th Century, The Church split into two Eastern Orthodox in the Byzantine Empire Eastern Orthodox in the Byzantine Empire The Roman Catholic Church of Western Europe The Roman Catholic Church of Western Europe In the 16 th century, the church was shaken by scandal and further broke into Protestant factions In the 16 th century, the church was shaken by scandal and further broke into Protestant factions

11. The Catholic church became increasingly corrupt since the Crusades, resulting in a turn away from the church The Catholic church became increasingly corrupt since the Crusades, resulting in a turn away from the church Realism caused people to look at the “here and now” rather than just focusing on the afterlife (religion) Realism caused people to look at the “here and now” rather than just focusing on the afterlife (religion) The growth in trade and cities created a new and powerful economy The growth in trade and cities created a new and powerful economy The rise in power resulted in a need for better organization, structure and government than that of The Church The rise in power resulted in a need for better organization, structure and government than that of The Church

12. Rise in State Power: The Emergence of the Nation State The Economic growth and increased power of cities resulted in the development of their own systems of government The Economic growth and increased power of cities resulted in the development of their own systems of government The growth in organization and government of the Renaissance lead to The emergence of Nation-States The growth in organization and government of the Renaissance lead to The emergence of Nation-States Nation States were the first step in the development of the united, cohesive Countries we know today Nation States were the first step in the development of the united, cohesive Countries we know today Government/ monarchies began to replace the role of the church Government/ monarchies began to replace the role of the church

13. Quiz Time Now that you know a little about Artistic expression styles, see if you can determine which of these paintings is from the Middle Ages and which is from the Renaissance

14. 1. The title 2. The time period you think it’s from 3. And the clues you spotted to justify your selection selection

15. The Apostles at the Last Supper

16. Da Vinci’s “Last Supper”