1. Biology and Society Biol 1001
Sexually Transmitted Infections
(STI’s)
Ms Julie Smith
VD, STD’s
Graphic images of both male and female genitalia
Who is at risk? You, your friends, jocks, geeks, wealthy, poor STI’s don’t care…..Anyone that is sexually active
Sexually activity not limited to intercourse – oral/genital contact, kissing (syphilis, herpes), toys
How many STI’s are out there just waiting for you? (get some input from students)
30+ STI’s out there, 2.5 million teens contract STI each year
By age 24, at least one of every four Americans is infected with a STI
people under 25 account for approximately two-thirds of all new STI infections (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, September 2002).
What are the most common STI’s among college students?
the most common STIs among college-age students are HPV, Herpes Simplex Virus, and Chlamydia.

2. The Take Home Message Learn what risks are out there
Evaluate the risk level of your sexual behavior
Make educated decisions about your sexual activities
Learn where to go for help and information
Not the first time you’re hearing this,
New era of your life, freedom, alcohol
Worthy reminder
19 son, 16 daughter – issue close to my heart
(Click for each reason to appear)

3. What Causes STI’s Parasites Bacteria Viruses
Curable with OTC and prescription
Bacteria
Curable with antibiotics
Viruses
Not Curable, manageable
Three types of organisms that are responsible for STI’s ??????? (Ask Students)
Parasite (Click)
Small organism (may be visible with naked eye, but tiny) little creepy crawlies
Drains nutrients from host
User of hosts resources
Bacteria (Click)
Microscopic single celled organism
Grows on host
Many friendly bacteria that we need (gut, anus, vagina, mouth)
Many unfriendly bacteria that make us sick
Viruses (Click)
Tiny packets of DNA/RNA
Inject into host cells replicate themselves
No ‘friendly’ viruses

4. Parasitic Pubic Lice (crabs) Scabies Trichomoniasis Pubic Lice (click)
Pubic Lice (click)
Related to head lice
Can be transferred from clothing, towels etc
Scabies (click)
Trichomoniasis (click)
All little critters that typically lay eggs under skin, bite and suck blood for nutrients

5. Bacterial Syphilis Gonorrhea *Chlamydia Syphilis Primary stage
Syphilis
Primary stage
Any ideas which STI’s fall into this category. Remember, they are curable with anitbioitics.
Most common types of Bacterial Infections: Syphilis, Gonorrhea & Chlamydia
Syphilis – (click) chancre on penis, (click) chancre on labia
primary stage - chancre sore in genital regions (click for image), heals
secondary stage - sores usually on hands and feet
late stage - insanity and death (Al Capone)
Tuskegee Syphilis Study 400 poor black men infected with syphilis, not treated so drs could study the progression of the disease
One of the few STI’s rates declined substantially over last 15 years 2.5/100,000
(No images of gonorrhea or chlamydia)
Gonorrhea
116.2/100,000 held fairly steady last 10 years (statistics)
Chlamydia
#1 bacterial infection, most commonly transmitted STI
304.3/ cases nearly doubled last 10 years
75% F, 50% M asymptomatic explains rapid growth
Can cause infertility in both M & F if untreated

6. Viral HIV Herpes Hepatitis Genital Warts (condylomata acuminata)
HIV (virus) AIDS (disease)
first discovered 1981
405,926 persons were living 2003
524,060 people with AIDS have died in the USA
Herpes (click) on penis (click) labia
1 out of 5 (20%) 17-29, are infected with HSV-2. (2/3 are asymptomatic) (
500,000 new cases annually
after outbreak virus ‘hides’ in the nervous system until next outbreak
Hepatitis
Vaccination available for Hep B
Destroys liver
Genital Warts (click) on penis (click) labia
Also known as condylomata acuminata
Caused by human papilloma virus more than 300 HPV’s, only few cause genital warts
Between 500,000 and one million new cases of genital warts occur every year.(

7. Symptoms & Possible Causes
Unusual vaginal discharge Bacterial vaginosis, chlamydia, gonorrhea, herpes, PID, trichomoniasis, yeast infection
Penile discharge Chlamydia, gonorrhea, trichomoniasis
Abnormal and/or heavy vaginal bleeding Chlamydia, gonorrhea, PID
Bleeding after intercourse Chlamydia, gonorrhea, PID
Burning or pain during urination Chlamydia, gonorrhea, herpes, trichomoniasis
Pelvic pain (pain below the belly button) Chlamydia, gonorrhea, PID
Swollen and/or painful testicles Chlamydia, gonorrhea
Itching or tingling in the genital area Bacterial vaginosis, herpes, trichomoniasis, yeast infection
Blisters or sores on the genitals, Herpes, syphilis
anus, or surrounding areas
Warts or bumps on the genitals, Human papillomavirus
anus, or surrounding area
Persistent vaginal yeast infections HIV infection/AIDS
Yellowing of the eyes and skin (jaundice) Hepatitis B, hepatitis C
Very busy slide, but points are
Anything irregular ( pain, discharge, sores) in your genital regions warrants a trip to the Dr
Symptoms can’t necessarily identify STI’s
Various tests preformed that can identify the infection
Doesn’t point out that some STI’s exhibit no symptoms.

8. Prevention STI's Abstinence Education Monogamy Condoms/Dental Dams
Some STI’s, but not all
STI's
Okay, now you know what’s out there, how do you protect yourself?
Abstinence
Only 100% guarantee prevent STI’s simple – don’t have sex. If not having sex, can’t get STI
If not your choice – best thing you can do is educate yourself, know what’s out there and how best to prevent endangering your life
Limiting number of sexually partners reduces chance on contracting STI
Proper use of synthetic (latex or polyurethane) condoms and dental dams can prevent the transfer of some, but not all STI’s. Natural condoms are not effective barriers against STI’s

9. Resources Planned Parent UMD Health Services Internet 722-0833 x8155
Google search ‘Sexually Transmitted Infections’
If you think you have an STI, get it checked out. Most STI’s, if left untreated, can cause infertility or in some cases death.
Local sources include:
Planned Parenthood
UMD Health Services
To Educate yourself on the over 30 STI’s that you may be at risk for, simply do a web search for ‘sexually transmitted infections.”
Nobody but you can be responsible for your sexuality.