1. 8th Grade Social Studies Honors
The American Nation
Chapter 3- Section 1
An Era of Exploration
8th Grade Social Studies Honors
Copyright © 2003 by Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved.

2. They all came from the Native Americans.
Corn, potatoes, squash, tomatoes, peanuts – What do these things have in common???
They all came from the Native Americans.

3. MythBusters – Who was Columbus?
What do I know about Columbus?

4. Fact or Myth – Who was Columbus?

5. An Era of Exploration Objectives to learn:
Chapter 3, Section 1
Objectives to learn:
Why did the voyage of Christopher Columbus have a more lasting impact than earlier voyages?
How did Spanish explorers find a route across the Pacific Ocean?
How did exploration set off a global exchange of goods and ideas?

6. Closure – Day 1
Exit Ticket: Write down one new thing you learned about Columbus on the index card with your name. You must hand this in before you leave class.
Homework: Read Chapter 3 – Section 1 (pp.68-72) and complete
Vocabulary worksheet
Part B – Reviewing Key People

7. Reviewing Key Terms and People
You will need 8 pieces of scrap paper torn into pieces.
On the 8 pieces – write the following on each piece:
Columbus
Ericson
Balboa
Magellan
Turning Point
Colony
Columbian Exchange
Circumnavigate
When a picture comes up, raise the piece of paper that you think is the correct answer.

8. Reviewing Key Terms and People
A group of people who settle in a distant land but are still ruled by the government of their native land.
Colony

9. Reviewing Key Terms and People
A moment in history that marks a decisive change.
Turning Point

10. Reviewing Key Terms and People
Sailed for Vikings
Explored: Newfoundland and what is today Canada
No claims or settlements
Leif Erickson

11. Reviewing Key Terms and People
Global exchange of goods and ideas between Eastern and Western hemispheres
Columbian Exchange

12. Reviewing Key Terms and People
Sailed for Spain
Explored: Sailed around the World
Claimed: Pacific Ocean sea route, islands in the Pacific
Ferdinand Magellan

13. Reviewing Key Terms and People
Sail completely around
Circumnavigate

14. Reviewing Key Terms and People
Sailed for Spain
Explored: Caribbean/West Indies
Claimed: Central America for New Spain
Settled: Hispanola
Christopher Columbus

15. Reviewing Key Terms and People
Sailed for Spain
Explored: Central America near Isthmus of Panama
Claimed: Isthmus of Panama
No settlement
Vasco Nunez de Balboa

16. I. Early Voyages to the Americas
1001 – Leif Ericson and Vikings reached the northern tip of North America
1. Called it Vinland (modern day Newfoundland)
2. Fought with Inuits (called Skraelings)
Other early voyages
1. Asians crossed the Bering Strait
2. Polynesians on canoes
3. Fishing boats from Japan and china
History Channel: Leif Ericson Before Columbus (3:50)
Cause and Effect???

17. Leif Ericson

18. Christopher Columbus

19. What was Columbus hoping to find by sailing West across the Atlantic Ocean from Spain?
China

20. In 1451, Columbus was born in which Italian city?
Genoa

21. What was the real name of Christopher Columbus?
Cristoforo Colombo
4. At what age did Columbus begin sailing on merchant ships? 14
5. What was the nickname for the Atlantic Ocean?
Sea of Darkness

22. Early Life of Christopher Columbus (5:26)*
What events in Columbus’s early life influenced his explorations?

23. Columbus Planning His Voyage (2:56)*
Make a timeline of Columbus’s quest for his Enterprise of the Indies. It should include 4 key events.

24. II. Columbus Reaches the Americas
Portuguese controlled trade route around Africa to Asia
Spain wanted a trade route to get Asian spices
1. King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella financed Christopher Columbus’ voyage
2. The Atlantic Crossing (Aug.- Oct. 1492)
a. 3 ships – Santa Maria, Pinta, Nina
b. Columbus thought he had reached the East Indies- Islands in the Caribbean were called the West Indies
C. Cause and Effect???

25. Columbus Reaches the Americas

26. (left) Queen Isabella and (right) King Ferdinand

27. Nina, Pinta, and Santa Maria
How many ships and men were promised to Columbus for his voyage?
3 ships and 90 men
What were the names of the ships on Columbus’ first voyage?
Nina, Pinta, and Santa Maria

28. The First Voyages of Columbus (11:22) – (Honors)
Complete cause and effect chart describing the impact of Columbus's voyages.

29. II. Columbus Reaches the Americas
C. Spain authorizes colonies
1. Christopher Columbus brought back gifts for King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella
2. Columbus spoke of the Taino Indians
3. Columbus was given title: “Admiral of the Ocean Sea”
4. Spain financed further voyages
5. Columbus’ three more voyages
a – founded the first Spanish colony on the island, Hispaniola
b. Colony = A group of people who settle in a distant land, but are still ruled by the government of their native land.
c. Columbus a better explorer than governor?
d – Columbus died
D. Cause and Effect???

30. Where did the term “Indian giver” come from?
Native Americans wanted items loaned to the Spanish returned. The Spanish mistakenly thought they were gifts.
How was every Indian over the age of 14 treated?
They were made into slaves and forced to mine for gold.

31. Columbus believed that he had found the Garden of Eden while exploring the Orinoco River. Which modern country was Columbus exploring?
Venezuela

32. He was caught killing troublesome Spanish sailors by hanging.
Why was Columbus arrested in 1500 and sent back to Spain in chains?
He was caught killing troublesome Spanish sailors by hanging.

33. In what year did Columbus begin his 4th and final voyage?
1502

34. How did Columbus trick the Indians of Jamaica into feeding his crew?
Knowing an eclipse would soon occur, he threatened to take away the moon. After the eclipse occurred, the Native Americans were fearful of Columbus and fed his crew.

35. In what year did Columbus die, and how old was he?
He died in 1506 at the age of 55.
Tomb of Christopher Columbus, Cathedral of Seville.
History Channel – Bone Voyage of Columbus:

36. ***III. The Lasting Impact of Columbus’s Voyage***
Chapter 3, Section 1
A. Columbus founded the first Spanish colony in the Americas.
B. Columbus’s voyages began a lasting contact among the peoples of Europe, Africa, and the Americas.
C. For Native Americans, contact had tragic results.
D. His voyages marked a turning point in world history.
1. Turning Point —A moment in history that marks a decisive change
E. Cause and Effect???

37. A Global Exchange of Goods and Ideas
Chapter 3, Section 1
A. Europeans brought new ideas, plants, animals, and diseases to the Americas.
B. Native Americans introduced new ideas, plants, and animals to the Europeans.
C. Because this exchange began with Columbus, it is called the Columbian Exchange.

38. A Global Exchange of Goods and Ideas
Chapter 3, Section 1

39. Closure – Day 2 Homework: None
Exit Ticket: Write down the term that defines this statement on an index card with your name. Pass this in before you leave class.:
Global exchange of goods and ideas between the Old World (Europe/Asia) and the New World (Americas).

40. Introduction – Day 3 Cause and Effect Chart
Columbus

41. Amerigo Vespucci’s Voyage to the New World (1:40)*

42. ***IV. Spanish Explorers Found a Route Across the Pacific Ocean***
Chapter 3, Section 1
By 1511 – Spanish conquered Puerto Rico, Jamaica, and Cuba.
1513 – Vasco Nunez de Balboa crossed the isthmus of Panama to claim the Pacific Ocean for Spain
Ferdinand Magellan’s expedition sailed westward from Spain. His ships circumnavigated, or sailed completely around, the world.

43. Spanish Explorers Found a Route Across the Pacific Ocean Vasco Nunez de Balboa

44. Explorations for Spain
Atlantic Ocean
Cool! I, Vasco Nunez de Balboa, the great conquistador, am the first European to see the eastern edge of the Pacific Ocean!
Vasco Nuñez de Balboa ( )

45. Explorations for Spain
Ferdinand Magellan led the first voyage around the world.
Animation: Magellan’s Voyage

46. Spanish Explorers Found a Route Across the Pacific Ocean Ferdinand Magellan

49. The First Voyage Around the World (6:03)*

50. Closure – Day 3 Spanish Explorer Activities
Pretend you are on the voyages of Balboa and Magellan
Write two ship logs explaining what it would be like on their voyages.
Each is worth 10 points.
Exit Ticket: For a History Buck, who would like to share it with the class.
Homework: Finish ship logs.

51. Section 1 Review – Exit Ticket/Review
Chapter 3, Section 1
Columbus’s voyages to the Americas had a more lasting impact than earlier ones because Columbus’s voyages
a) brought smallpox to the Native Americans.
b) were the beginning of lasting contact among peoples of many continents.
c) became the subject of many songs and stories.
d) let people know how wide the Pacific Ocean is.
The Columbian Exchange changed the lives of
a) people around the world.
b) just the Native Americans.
c) Europeans only.
d) Europeans and Native Americans.
Want to connect to the American History link for this section? Click here.

52. Section 1 Review
Chapter 3, Section 1
Columbus’s voyages to the Americas had a more lasting impact than earlier ones because Columbus’s voyages
a) brought smallpox to the Native Americans.
b) were the beginning of lasting contact among peoples of many continents.
c) became the subject of many songs and stories.
d) let people know how wide the Pacific Ocean is.
The Columbian Exchange changed the lives of
a) people around the world.
b) just the Native Americans.
c) Europeans only.
d) Europeans and Native Americans.
Want to connect to the American History link for this section? Click here.

53. Persuasive Essay Reminders
Introduction (at least 3 sentences)
Should state topic – “villain or hero”
“I” should not be used – NO “I think Columbus…”
Should introduce in complete sentences main ideas of pieces of evidence that will be used to support topic
Body Paragraphs (at least 3 sentences)
New paragraphs for new pieces of evidence
Each piece of evidence should be supported by at least 2 details
Remember to indent new paragraphs
Conclusion (at least 3 sentences)
Summarize important points
Restate topic with supportive pieces of evidence

54. Closure – Day 6
Exit Ticket: Write the letter of the best choice on the index card with your name. Please pass it in before you leave class.
Europeans began to fully explore the Americas only after this explorer reached the West Indies in the Caribbean.
Magellan
Leif Ericson
Balboa
Columbus
Homework: Persuasive Writing Columbus Essay