Green Engineering PC General Meeting – Aviation 2015 - Dallas June 24, 2015 (with notes) Marty Bradley Program Committee Chair

Green Engineering PC General Meeting – Aviation 2015 - Dallas June 24, 2015 (with notes) Marty Bradley Program Committee Chair marty.k.bradley@boeing.com

What is Green Engineering? Biofuels Renewable Energy Energy Conversion Efficiency Airframe Efficiency AIAA Conferences & Literature Recycling Operations Climate Monitoring GE.com Boeing.com Enviro.aero Wikipedia.org

GEPC Charter The purpose of the Green Engineering Program Committee (GEPC) is to promote a holistic, systems approach to improved energy efficiency, sustainability, renewable energy and ‘cradle-to- cradle’ design. GEPC serves as the AIAA focal point for all “green” aerospace-related programs and technologies, and works synergistically with the appropriate technical committees to assure that the AIAA membership is adequately informed about all aspects of this critical aerospace activity.

GEPC General Meeting – Aviation Forum - June 2015 Introduction & Introductions – Org Chart Aircraft Electric Propulsion Meeting Conference Status Subcommittee Leads – Around the room  Public Policy Initiative & Discussion  Communications – Twitter, Facebook, Website, Newsletter  Education, Awards, Liaison Action Items Open discussion More details on future AIAA Conference Forums (optional if time is available) 4

Attendance – GEPC Aviation General Meeting June 24, 2015 1.Marty Bradley 2.Tayo Ladiende 3.Rich Wahls 4.Gary Dale 5.Andy Gibson 6.Ben Schiltgen 6 Dani Soban – record information

Actions: 73.Find and circulate description for Liaison Subcommittee Leader (to support item 69.) - Marty 74.Check on how to pay for future newsletter - Marty 75.Review format and file size for newsletter – Tayo 76.Identify plan, topics, people for Year in Review Article - Gary Dale/ Marty 77.Check on status of AFRL fuel lab to support biofuel certifications to gather information for possible policy issue topic – Gary Dale 78.Respond to request from Tom Irvine on AIAA Women in Aerospace, relating AIAA and Aerospace positive message of “protecting the planet”. Tayo had idea for a reverse conference panel where young AIAA members answer questions from the (old) audience. – Tayo, xxx 79.Make minor updates to Newsletter and prepare for distribution before and at P&E - Tayo 7 Green = complete

Green Engineering Program Committee Publication / Communications Tayo Ladeinde Awards Essam Khalil Education Tarek Abdel-Salam Membership Danielle Soban Service Subcommittee Representatives Technical Subcommittee Representatives Chair Marty Bradley Vice Chair (Future Chair) Ruben Del Rosario Past Chair Jason Slagle Conferences Franz-Josef Kahlen Liaison xxx Green Aviation - xxx Larry Leavitt – ERA Marty Bradley et al.– Electric Aircraft Green Energy - xxx Nicole Mendoza – Tethered Wind Turbines Jeremy Straub – Space Solar Power George Miley/Michael Houts - Advanced Nuclear Noel Bahktian – Energy Harvesting Marty Bradley – Geo-Engineering Standards xxx Public Policy Katherine Bradley June 8, 2015

GEPC Meetings – Summer 2015  GEPC General Meeting - Telecon/Webex – June 16 th at 8 AM PDT  Aviation 2015 – Dallas June 22-25th –Aircraft Electric Propulsion Path Forward - Coordination Meeting - Monday 12- 2 PM - Cooper Room –GEPC Meeting – Wednesday June 24 th 5:30-6:30 PM – Malta Room  P&E 2015 – Orlando July 27-29 th –GEPC Leadership & ConferenceTeam Meeting »Monday, 27 July 20155:00-7:00 pm –GEPC Meeting »Tuesday, 28 July 20155:00-7:30 pm  Space 2015 – Pasadena Aug 13 th - September 2nd –Space Based Solar Power Session (Jeremy Straub) 9

Aircraft Electric Propulsion – GEPC Perspective Comments from GEPC Members at June 16 th GEPC Telecon  Brien Seeley will provide a chart and talking points from his presentation at Aviation on June 25th  Andy Gibson – highlighted challenge to show scale- up to a regional size electric aircraft 11

Paper: “Regional Sky Transit” Dear Colleagues: I will be presenting an important paper on "Regional Sky Transit" at AVIATION 2015 on Thursday June 25 at 10:30 AM in the Morocco Room. I hope that committee members will be able to attend to hear about this immense new mass market domain for civil aviation. See you there. Brien Seeley M.D. President, CAFE Foundation 12

GEPC Talking Points for AEP Coordination Meeting Brien Seeley will be presenting on the business volume, capacity and benefits of regional Sky Transit in morning podium talk on June 25 in Dallas.  Sales volume for 166,153 aircraft is ~ $132B in USA only. 13 * GFC I = Green Flight Challenge I of 2011 *

Copyright © 2015 Boeing. All rights reserved. Applicability Produce-ability / Manufacturability Certification Affordability Customer Acceptability Bridging the Gap Between Technology and Production Airplanes 14 Technology To Benefit Society, technology needs to be incorporated on an airplane Production Airplane The “ilities” that support technology application

Copyright © 2011 Boeing. All rights reserved. Aviation Specific Battery Technology Considerations 1. Much higher emphasis on battery and system weight than ground transportation uses. 2. Extreme emphasis on flight safety. 3. Much higher than current state-of-the-art performance is needed. 4. Lithium-air (and other “air” battery types) require an inlet and exhaust system. 5. Currently, airlines are usually tenants at airports. Who pays for infrastructure? 6. Charge times either have to be fast (less than 1 hour), to allow flights to “turn” quickly at the gate, or be rapidly replaceable and charged overnight when electricity cost is low. 7. Aviation electricity use is likely to be more “level” than ground transportation with fewer spikes. 8.Thermal management of batteries, motors, and components

Overlaps and Synergies Transformational Flight PC Green Engineering PC Energy Optimized Aircraft & Equipment Systems PC Air Breathing Propulsion Systems Integration TC Other TC’s & PC’s Batteries SXX Motors & Controllers SXX Fuel Cells SXX Distributed Propulsion X Hybrid Systems X Acoustics PXX Life Cycle Emissions P Recycling P Propulsion Integration X VTOL/STOL XX Infrastructure P Producibility/Manufactu rability S General Aviation Commercial Aviation 16 DRAFT – Fill in your own X’s or primary (P) and secondary (S) emphasis? Jeff Hamstra to edit and circulate to Committee leads

DEP/ODM Near-Term Activities (DEP=Distributed Electric Propulsion ODM=On-Demand Mobility) 17 DEP VTOL sUAS, AUVSI May 4-8 LEAPTech Media Day, AFRC May 12 AIAA Aviation Jun 22-26 Transformational Flight Sessions On-Demand Mobility Road Mapping Forums, EAA Oshkosh July 21-22 AIAA Electric Propulsion P&E Forum 360 July 27 NASA UTM UAS Convention, Ames July 28-30 Transformative Vertical Flight Concepts Workshop, Ames Aug 3-4 Blue Sky Quiet VSTOL Workshop, Langley Aug 26-27 HyperCommuter Study Review, Langley Sept 29-30 NASA-FAA ODM Roadmapping Workshop, Kansas City Oct 21-22 DEP Scaling Study Review, Langley Dec 8 Thin-Haul Technology/Concept Development Review, SciTech Jan 6, 2016

On-Demand Mobility Missions 18 ODM Missions fit across vehicle categories that vary in size, performance features, and how they interact with society. sUAS Package Delivery: <55 lb, 10 lb payload, Vertical Takeoff and Landing/Hover capable, Imperceptible noise at 250 ft, robust/redundant control with inability to hurt ground observers, 50 mile range, 50 mph speed, $.025/mile operating cost with autonomous operation. Hyper-Commuter PAVs: <1000 lbs, 1+1 pax payload, Heli-pad field length capable, Imperceptible noise at 500 ft, robust/redundant control with safety equivalent to GA aircraft, 200 mile range, 150 mph speed, $.75/mile operating cost with VFR ease of use autonomy. Zip-GA Aircraft: <4000 lbs, 4 pax payload, <2000 ft field length capable, Imperceptible noise at 1000 ft, robust/redundant control with safety equivalent to automobiles, 200 to 400 mile range, 200 mph speed, $1.50/mile operating cost with IFR ease of use autonomy. Thin Haul Commuters: <10,000 lbs, 9 pax payload, <2000 ft field length capable, Imperceptible noise at 2000 ft, robust/redundant control with safety equivalent to automobiles, 200 to 400 mile range, 250 mph speed, $3.00/mile operating cost with IFR ease of use autonomy. sUAS Equivalency: Bicycle courier HC-PAV Equivalency: Motorcycle Zip-GA Equivalency: Automobile Thin Haul Equivalency: Shuttle Van Each mission class builds upon the others to increase ODM market breadth and impact.

GEPC General Meeting – Conference Status Aviation 2015 (Andy Gibson)  See separate slide P&E 2015 (Valerie Lyons)  See separate slide Space 2015  Space Based Solar Power Session (Jeremy Straub) SciTech 2016 (Chris Hughes)  Call for Papers - Abstracts due June 2, 2015 Call for Papers  ERA Special Session (Larry Leavitt)  Geoengineering F360 Session (Marty) – waiting to hear from F360 Chair Geoengineering  “Supercritical Transformational Energy Production” – Roger Herdy looking to submit or find a home for his paper  “I just have the session slots reserved. Right now, I only have ERA and the papers that came in through the GE call. I have not heard from Transformational Flight yet, and you are still thinking about one for AATT. I have one oral presentation on Hybrid Electric from Armstrong proposed for GE. I don’t have any other information yet.” – Chris 20

GEPC General Meeting – Conference Status Aviation 2016 (TBD ) P&E 2016 (Tarek Abdel-Salam) SciTech 2017 (TBD) Other topics (conference sessions not scheduled yet) 1.Airborne Wind Turbines (Nicole Mendoza) – possible presentation to GEPC at SciTech 2016 2.Energy Harvesting (Noel Bahktian) – possible presentation to GEPC at SciTech 2016 3. Advanced Nuclear (George Miley/Michael Houts) – presentation on state of the art at P&E 2015 21

Aviation 2015 Report – Andy Gibson Number of papers (submitted / accepted) 4 Technical Papers submitted, 2 accepted. 6 Oral Presentations Invited, 6 accepted and sessioned. Number of sessions (regular and invited) One; GEPC-01 Overview of NASA Advanced Air Vehicles Program. Two accepted Papers passed off to other sessions. "Selected Array of Technology and Systems Options for Ecologically Responsible Aviation“ moved to ATIO-07 Systems Engineering and Analysis. "Landscape Analysis Framework for Low Carbon Energy" moved to ATIO-06 Fleet and Route Planning. Duration and schedule of sessions GEPC-01, Thursday June 25th, 2 - 5pm. Highlights / topical areas of your sessions Decided upon single technical session; focus to introduce the projects in the Advanced Air Vehicles Program. Any other pertinent information Not at this time; it seems that SciTech might be GEPC's focus, but P&E received good returns as well, which could be because it's P&E, or because Valerie wanted to re-write the CfP. We decided not to re-write the CfP for AVIATION specifically to see how it would compare to SciTech, and that question was answered. Forum 360 Panel Session – Challenges of Green Aviation – Wednesday 2:00-4:30 pm GEPC Meeting – Wednesday June 24 th 5:30-6:30 PM – Malta Room 22

Aviation F360 Panel: “Challenges of Green Aviation” The story and video of the whole session is also available here on the AIAA website: http://www.aiaa- aviation.org/Notebook.aspx?id=28726 http://www.aiaa- aviation.org/Notebook.aspx?id=28726 23 Panelists: Moderator Marty Bradley, technical fellow, The Boeing Company; Jay E. Dryer, director, Advanced Air Vehicles Program Office, NASA; Askin Isikveren, head, Visionary Aircraft Concepts, Bauhaus Luftfahrt; Leslie Perkins, director, Energy Office, Air Force Research Laboratory; Jeanne Yu, environmental director, Boeing Commercial Airplanes by Kyung M. Song, associate editor, Aerospace America The global aviation industry is attempting to pull off a neat trick: It aims to fly an ever-increasing number of passengers with ever-decreasing amounts of fuel and emissions. Making good on that green pledge is a daunting challenge, according to panelists at the AIAA Aviation 2015 forum. But advances in propulsion; lighter materials; smarter flight operations; biofuels; new airframe configurations and other innovations promise a new era of cleaner, quieter and more sustainable air travel.Kyung M. Song

Valerie Lyons P&E 2015 Status Number of papers (submitted / accepted) = 6  Number of sessions = 1 (regular paper session)  Duration and schedule of sessions = 6x30 min = 3 hrs -  Highlights / topical areas of your sessions = wide variety of "green" engineering topics - from liquid propellants to aeronautics. Plenary Program “Technology Development and Trends in Propulsion and Energy” Forum 360 “Aircraft Electric Propulsion” “Role of Bio-fuels in Future Aviation”  Still looking for speakers! Continuing Education “The Application of Green Propulsion for Future Space” GEPC Leadership/Conference/General Meetings 24

GEPC Meeting Agenda for P&E 2015 Summary of Advanced Nuclear Technology – Michael Houts Discussion of Green Policy Issues Preparation for Space and SciTech Conferences Ideas and planning for Year in Review article Subcommittee Reports … 25

GEPC General Meeting – Aviation Forum - June 2015 Introduction & Introductions – Org Chart Aircraft Electric Propulsion Meeting Conference Status Subcommittee Leads – Around the room  Public Policy Initiative & Discussion  Communications – Twitter, Facebook, Website, Newsletter  Education, Awards, Liaison (not present, no report) Action Items Open discussion More details on future AIAA Conference Forums (optional if time is available) 27

What is a Policy Position Paper? A policy position paper is the form in which a policy issue is presented to Congress. It is a brief, 1-page paper summarizing a key issue and what Congress should do to fix the problem. 28

Types of Position Papers (From AIAA website) AIAA Information Paper – The least formal of the policy papers, an Information Paper provides information only on a particular key issue but does not make any formal policy recommendations. Information papers are subject to approval at the Section, Technical and/or Program Committees’ level. More Info More Info AIAA Member/Group Position Paper – A statement that provides an objective and balanced analysis of an issue that represents the views of the authoring group or committee, but not necessarily the views of AIAA as a whole. The Member/Group Position Paper may include formal recommendations of government action on the particular issue. AIAA Position Paper – A paper that provides an objective and balanced study with a clear AIAA position on the best course of action by government to address issues of interest or concern to AIAA members. More Info More Info 29

2014 Information Papers Long-Term Investment in Technology and Transition: An AIAA Information Paper Long-Term Investment in Technology and Transition: An AIAA Information Paper Assuring the Viability of the U.S. Aerospace and Defense Industrial Base: An AIAA Information Paper Assuring the Viability of the U.S. Aerospace and Defense Industrial Base: An AIAA Information Paper Developing a Seamless National Cybersecurity Policy: An AIAA Information Paper Developing a Seamless National Cybersecurity Policy: An AIAA Information Paper 30

2014 Information Papers (Continued) Access for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles in the National Aerospace System: An AIAA Information Paper Access for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles in the National Aerospace System: An AIAA Information Paper Ensuring a Robust U.S. Human Spaceflight Program: An AIAA Information Paper Ensuring a Robust U.S. Human Spaceflight Program: An AIAA Information Paper Addressing the Growing Threat of Orbital Debris: An AIAA Information Paper Addressing the Growing Threat of Orbital Debris: An AIAA Information Paper Building Our Competitive Foundation: Supporting K-12 STEM Education: An AIAA Information Paper Building Our Competitive Foundation: Supporting K-12 STEM Education: An AIAA Information Paper 31

Existing Environment Position Statements February 2009 Aviation’s Role in Minimizing Environmental Impacts Aviation’s Role in Minimizing Environmental Impacts January 2010 Essential Capabilities for Operational Climate Change Monitoring Essential Capabilities for Operational Climate Change Monitoring May 2010 Energy and the “Greening” of Aviation May 2010 Understanding, Mitigating, and Adapting to Climate Change February 2011 A National Strategy is Required to Address Obstacles to Sustainable Alternative Aviation Fuels A National Strategy is Required to Address Obstacles to Sustainable Alternative Aviation Fuels 32

How to get a Policy Position Paper Developed AIAA Public Policy is picking a few (3-5) broad, key policy issues to promote to Congress. The other issues will be referred to local Public Policy representatives who will try to fix the issues on the local level. The goal: Identify green engineering policy issues both large-scale and local to promote to AIAA Public Policy. 33

Potential Green Engineering Related Policy Issues 1.EPA and airplane emissions 2.Funding cuts for AFRL fuels lab that was providing significant help for biofuel certification activities 3.Support for improved ATM - NextGen/Metroplex 4.Your ideas 5.Xxx 34

EPA Takes Step Toward Regulating Airplane Emissions The New York Times (6/11, Mouawad, Davenport, Subscription Publication) reports that in “the latest” of President Obama’s “major initiatives to combat global warming,” the EPA said yesterday that “it would take the first step toward regulating greenhouse gas emissions from airplanes.” The Washington Post (6/11, Mooney) indicates, however, that “rather than moving ahead on its own, the agency plans to continue to work on with the United Nations’ International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO).” Christopher Grundler, who heads the EPA’s Office of Transportation and Air Quality, “defended the international approach,” observing that “an international standard would cover far more aircraft than simply a domestic standard, and would cover far more greenhouse gas reduction.”New York Times Washington Post The Huffington Post (6/10, Sheppard) reports that the EPA “did not announce actual regulations at this point,” but “rather...its intent to reach an endangerment finding, which would trigger regulations under the Clean Air Act.” On its website, US News & World Report (6/11, Neuhauser) notes that the EPA, under the current administration, “made a similar finding in 2009 that led to new emissions standards for motor vehicles, and has pushed to harness the Clean Air Act to reduce carbon emissions from power plants.” US News added that “such moves have been vigorously opposed and portrayed as federal overreach by industry and conservative lawmakers, but have been upheld in court.”Huffington PostUS News & World Report The AP (6/10, Lowy) notes that the ICAO “has been working for five years on developing global aircraft emissions standards for the first time. Final agreement on those standards is expected in February of next year.” However, “a final US decision on adoption of international standards is likely to be left to the next presidential administration,” as “EPA officials said the earliest the agency is likely to propose adoption of ICAO standards would be in 2017.”AP Bloomberg News (6/11, Snyder) says that “environmental groups welcomed the EPA action they have sought since 2007, though some cautioned about the tie to the ICAO.” Vera Pardee, “a senior attorney at the Center for Biological Diversity,” said yesterday, “It’s an important first step, but too little too late.... EPA is punting responsibility.” In fact, “Pardee said the ICAO may delay significant reductions until 2030 or later.”Bloomberg News Reuters (6/10, Volcovici) reports that Paul Steele, senior vice president at the International Air Transport Association, said, “If you’re a big airline and you’re flying to 100 countries a day, then complying with all those different regimes is an administrative nightmare.”Reuters The Wall Street Journal (6/10, Ostrower, Harder, Subscription Publication) reports that Nancy Young, vice president for Environmental Affairs at Airlines for America, a trade association representing U.S. airlines and air cargo carriers, similarly said, “Aviation is a global industry, making it critical that aircraft emission standards continue to be agreed upon at the international level.”Wall Street Journal 35 A good discussion topic for Aviation and P&E GEPC Meetings

https://twitter.com/aiaaGEPC 36

GEPC Newsletter 37

GEPC Newsletter 38 Comments? Update planned for P&E

Actions: 63.Schedule follow-on IMECHE workshop – Ruben Del Rosario 66.Advanced Nuclear presentation for GEPC Meeting at P&E 2015 – Michael Houts 67.Energy Harvesting and/or Energy Water Nexus presentation for SciTech 2016 – Noel Bahktian 68.Airborne Wind Turbine presentation for SciTech 2016 – Nicole Mendoza 69.Find new Subcommittee Lead for Liaison - Marty & Leadership Team 70.Valerie needs speakers for F360 panel “Role of Bio-fuels in Future Aviation” at P&E. Gary Dale to check on getting an LNG speaker (maybe change session name to “Role of Alternative Fuels in Future Aviation”). Marty to check with Boeing contacts. 71.Send slide and talking points for discussion on Aircraft Electric Propulsion – Brien Seeley. Marty to use in AEP coordination meeting at Aviation on June 22 nd. 72.Send sample of Aircraft Design Newsletter to Marty & Tayo – Hernando Jimenez 41 Green = complete

Actions: 52.Investigate Speaker / Session on Geo-Engineering - Marty 53.Investigate Speaker / Session on Energy Harvesting – Noel Bakhtian 38.Use other AIAA Facebook groups and pages to publicize GEPC Page – Marty 30.Find leader for Standards. - Marty & Leadership team 31.Have them explain process to do a standard for AIAA. Have them identify other current non-AIAA standards related to green aviation of energy – Standards Leader 35.Help find new Green Energy leader – John Blanton 37.Outreach to student chapter – New Liaison to get email POC’s for student chapters from Betty Guille 42

Actions: 21.Standing up a new Major Award Nominations Committee – Contact Wayne Hurwitz [action GEPC Awards – Essam Khalil] 25.GEPC Awards – Figure out possible award nominations for Green Engineering related people or projects (RCEE, ERA, SUGAR, MIT Double Bubble D8, ???) – Essam Khalil 26.Identify SciTech16, Aviation 16, and P&E 16 GEPC Technical Chairs – Ruben Del Rosario – Franz-Josef 11.Develop process for Green Engineering Best Presentation Award – Essam and Conference Subcommittee 12.Publish 1 st Newsletter – Tayo Ladeinde (Marty to send intro paragraph) 13.Figure out status of Engine Design Competition & GEPC Role – Ian Halliwell, Jeff Hamstra, Tarek Abdel-Salam 1.Send out email to enable/energize liaison activities – TBD 2.Find new lead for Green Aviation – Marty & Leadership Team 43

Update on Forums Briefing to Technical Activities Committee 6 May 2015

Dates & Venues SciTech  4-8 January 2016, Manchester Grand Hyatt, San Diego, CA  9-13 January 2017, Gaylord Texan, Grapevine, TX  8-12 January 2018, Gaylord Palms, Orlando, FL DEFENSE  8-10 March 2016, Applied Physics Lab/Johns Hopkins University, Laurel, MD –Date available spring 2016 (not under contract) 47

Dates & Venues (continued) AVIATION  13-17 June 2016, Washington Hilton, Washington, DC  5-9 June 2017, Sheraton Downtown Denver, Denver, CO Propulsion & Energy  25-27 July 2016, Salt Palace Convention Center, Salt Lake City, Utah  10-12 July 2017, Hyatt Regency, Atlanta, Georgia 48

Dates & Venues (continued) SPACE  12-15 September 2016, Long Beach Convention Center, Long Beach, California  Out year options being explored based on suggested cities and RFP responses: –Orlando, 12-16 September 2017 –New Orleans, 2018 dates TBD (focused on early to mid September) 49

Green Engineering PC General Meeting – Aviation 2015 - Dallas June 24, 2015 (with notes) Marty Bradley Program Committee Chair

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Green Engineering PC General Meeting – Aviation 2015 - Dallas June 24, 2015 (with notes) Marty Bradley Program Committee Chair

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