1. Chapter 16
Cancer

2. 2. screening with colonoscopy.
1. When planning a community education program related to prevention of the cancer with the highest death rates in both women and men, the nurse will stress the importance of
1. smoking cessation.
2. screening with colonoscopy.
3. regular examination of reproductive organs.
4. use of sunscreen and protection from ultraviolet light.
Answer: 1
Rationale: The highest number of cancer deaths by site are for cancer of the lung and bronchus. Smoking is the leading cause of lung and bronchial cancer.

3. 1. have the patient rest after any major energy expenditure.
2. To prevent the debilitating cycle of fatigue-depression-fatigue that can occur in patients with cancer, an appropriate nursing intervention is to
1. have the patient rest after any major energy expenditure.
2. encourage the patient to implement a daily walking program.
3. teach the patient to ignore the fatigue to maintain normal daily activities.
4. prevent the development of depression by informing the patient to expect fatigue during cancer treatment.
Answer: 2
Rationale: Exercise and activity within tolerable limits is often helpful in managing fatigue. Walking programs are a way for most patients to keep active without overtaxing themselves.

4. 1. risk for infection related to poor nutrition.
3. After 3 weeks of radiation therapy, a patient has lost 10 pounds and does not eat well because of mucositis. An appropriate nursing diagnosis for the patient is
1. risk for infection related to poor nutrition.
2. ineffective self-health management related to refusal to eat.
3. imbalanced nutrition: less than body requirements related to oral inflammation and ulceration.
4. ineffective health maintenance related to lack of knowledge of nutritional requirements during radiation therapy.
Answer: 3
Rationale: The nursing problem is imbalanced nutrition related to the mucositis.