1. Impact of data quality on watershed management—Need for automatic watershed monitoring By: M. J. Abedini and P. Karimaghaei

2. Hydrologic function of a watershed Watershed component landforms Watershed as a system Scientific approach to watershed management Case studies I and II Need for automatic watershed monitoring Future plans Ø Outline of Presentation

4.  Capture  Store  Safely release water  Hydrologic function of a watershed

5.  Stream channels  Floodplains  Stream terraces  Alluvial valley bottoms  Alluvial fans  Mountain slopes  Ridge tops  Geomorphic component landforms

6.  Alluvial fans A natural grassland replaced by numerous gullies and concentrated flow paths, then: Its ability to spread and dissipate energy Trap debris and sediments Filter and clean surface water Serve as an effective infiltration and ground water recharge zone will be impaired  Watershed as a system

7.  Devising alternative hypotheses  Devising a crucial experiment  Carrying out the experiment to …..  Recycling the above procedure with remaining competitive hypotheses  Scientific approach to watershed management

8.  Know your watershed Delineate the geomorphic component landforms Determine the hydrologic and geomorphic functions of each component Evaluate the effectiveness of each component in performing its function Identify the cause of problem  Scientific approach to watershed management

9.  Plan watershed restoration and management alternatives Plan on the type of technology to be applied to fix the problem Incorporate the feasible alternative that will restore the impaired component landforms Monitor the implemented plan  Scientific approach to watershed management

10. Clarify Questions/Issues Propose Conceptual Model A involving broad hypotheses Collect Data/Information To test broad hypotheses Is Conceptual Model A adequate to resolve issues ? Propose Conceptual Model B with more specific hypotheses Collect Data/Information to test more specific hypotheses To conceptual Model B adequate to resolve issues? Propose Conceptual Model C with more detailed hypotheses Etc. Stop invalidated Yes Confirmed No Confirmed No

11. Key Hypothesis  Case Study I Khoshk river hydrograph can be obtained by adding upstream two watersheds’ hydrograph

13. Key Hypothesis  Case Study II Causes of Dey 1380 flood compared to Azar 1365 flood

14.  Rainfall monitoring Spatial variability Temporal variability Areal coverage  Need for automatic watershed monitoring Automating recording raingauges

15.  Runoff monitoring Impact of urbanization Hypothesis testing Model calibration Flood warning system  Need for automatic watershed monitoring Automating hydrometric stations

16.  Water level sensing  Recording data  Transmitting data via tel. line  Editing and storing  Retrieving data  Component of hydrograph monitoring

17.  Automating tipping-bucket raingauges  Automating evaporation pans  Ground water monitoring  Water quality monitoring  Future plan

18. Hydrologist require the following measurements: 1.Water level 2.Flow 3.Pressure 4.Force & torque 5.Temperature 6.Displacement 7.Speed 8.Radiation 9.Material Analysis 10.Particle size 11.Solved & dissolved gas content 12.Cavitation 13. turbidity 14.Geographical based mapping

19. Block diagram Sensing Element Transformation Transmission Signal Conditioner Calculation Display

20. Dam Automation systems

22. Data logger

23. Hardware

26. Weather Station

27. The standard package includes: Wind Speed Wind Direction Air Temperature Relative Humidity for temp/ humidity Barometric Pressure Precipitation Solar radiation water or soil temperature Rain gauge Data logging Solar cells.