1. Nouns

2. Lesson Overview What is a Noun? Kinds of Nouns - Singular vs. Plural - Collective Nouns - Concrete vs. Abstract - Proper vs. Common - Count vs. Non-Count

3. What is a Noun? Noun = “name” The simple definition is: a person, place or thing. Examples: -Person: man, woman, teacher, Mary, John -Place: home, office, town, country -Thing: car, money, music, chair, dog

4. Singular or Plural Nouns Singular nouns name only one person, place, thing, or idea. Plural nouns name more than one of the same person, place, thing, or idea. Plural nouns are usually formed by adding -s or –es to singular nouns.

5. Singular & plural Nouns Dog Dogs Glass Glasses

6. Plural Nouns 字尾若是 s 、 x 、 sh 、 ch 加 “es” - watch watches box _____ 字尾若是 f 、 fe 改 “ves” - leaf leaves knife ______ 子音加 y 時， 去 y 加 “ies” Story stories body ______

7. Collective Nouns ( 集合名詞 ) Name a class or a group Usually treated as singular (aslo called group nouns) Team family

8. Concrete ( 實體 ) & Abstract ( 抽象 ) Nouns Concrete nouns name things you can experience ( 體驗 ) with your senses ( 感官 ) (dog, car, water) Abstract noun name ideas or qualities you can’t experience your senses (hope, peace, happiness)

9. Concrete and Abstract Nouns Concrete Nouns Bicycle, apple, fire, bed Abstract Nouns Happiness, surprise, beauty, justice

10. Proper & Common Nouns Proper nouns name specific people, place and things: Michael Jackson, London, Oxford University Common nouns name general people, place, and things: singer, city, school Proper Nouns are usually capitalized ( 大寫 )

11. Count ( 可數 ) and Non-Count ( 不可數 ) Nouns Count nouns: tree, book, box Non-Count nouns: air, music, sadness

12. 數量詞 修飾可數名詞 : -Many ( ), a few ( ), few ( ), several ( ) 修飾不可數名詞 - much( ), a little ( ), little ( ) 修飾可數 / 不可數名詞 - A lot of= lots of ( ), some ( ), no = not any ( ), any ( ) 僅限於疑問和否定句