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Published byElizabeth Cook Modified over 9 years ago
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Hematologic System Josalyn
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What is it? The production and transport of blood. Is part of, and assists with Lymphatic System, and Immune System. Functions- Supplies Oxygen, nutrients, and chemicals to the body Transports waste to organs for removal
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Structure Hematopoiesis- medical term for blood formation. Leucopoiesis- Leukocyte production. 55% of blood is liquid. 45% of blood is formed material.
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Liquids Serum- liquid w/o clotting proteins. Plasma- liquid with clotting proteins. Coagulant- A clotting protein, ex: Fibrinogen. Anticoagulant- prevents clotting, ex: blood thinners. Fats- triglycerides and cholesterol.
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Formed Materials Erythrocyte- Mature red blood cell. Reticulocyte- immature red blood cell, characterized by mesh-like pattern of threads. Macrophage- large cell that ‘eats bad’ blood cells. Leukocyte- white blood cell.
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Formed Materials, cont. Granulocyte- cell with grain-like structures in cytoplasm. Agranulocyte- cell with out grain-like structure. Basophilic- stained w/ basic (blue) dyes. Eosenophilic- stained w/ acidic (pink) dyes.
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Formed Material, cont. Clotting Cells Thrombocyte- nucleated clotting cell, contains nucleus. Platelet- enucleated clotting cell, no nucleus. Megakaryocyte- large nucleated cell in bone marrow that makes Platelets.
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Lymphatic System Part of immune system. Interstitial Fluid- fluid that flows between and nourishes cells. Lymph- interstitial fluid that is in the lymphatic capillaries. Lymph Nodes- bean-shaped sacs that filter lymph and holds B & T leukocyte.
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Lymphatic System, cont. Tonsils- mass of lymph tissue that protects the nose, and throat. Spleen- organ in upper abdomen filters blood stores red blood cells Balances red blood cell and Plasma levels. Thymus- organ that creates T cells in young animals.
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Immune System Antigen- anything that attacks the body. Lymphocyte- cell that works against antigen. T Cell- attacks the antigen directly. B cell- attacks substances made by antigen. Memory cells- Remember the antigen and create protection for future use. Plasma cell- creates antibodies for specific antigens. Immunoglobin- antibody made by plasma cell
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Immune System, cont. How it works 1.Antigen enters body and attacks. 2.Body senses the threat. 3.White blood cells, T Cells, and B Cells attack the antigen. 4.Memory Cells create antibodies to fight future infections.
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Immune System, cont. Immunity Types- Naturally Acquired Passive- immunity passed from mother to offspring. Naturally Acquired Active- immunity created from antibodies during infection. Artificially Acquired Passive- antibodies obtained from antiserum from another host. Artificially Acquire Active- immunity from a vaccine.
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Oncology Neoplasm- uncontrolled cell growth. Malignant- cancerous. Bening- noncancerous. Pedunculated- having a stalk. Well Circumscribed- well defined. Invasive- not well defined.
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Diagnostics Blood Smear- blood specimen smeared on microscope slide for examination. Bone Marrow Biopsy- sample of bone marrow taken via needle for examination. Biopsy-collection of cells for study. Touch Preps- cells on a glass slide pressed against a mass then studied under microscope.
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Conditions Anemia- low level of red blood cells. Exudate- protein/cell/solid rich material that has escaped the blood vessels. Hemophilia- genetic condition where blood doesn’t clot properly. High deadly. Leukemia- elevated number of malignant white blood cells.
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Conditions, cont. Autoimmune Disease- conditions where immune system attacks itself. Tonsilitis- inflammation of the tonsils. Melanoma- tumor of melanin pigmented cells. Myxoma- tumor of connective tissue.
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Procedures Tonsillectomy- surgical removal of tonsils. Splenectomy- Surgical removal of the spleen. Chemotherapy- chemical treatment of tumor. Radiation Therapy- treatment of tumor via xrays.
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