1. Invertebrate Animals Phyla: Phylum Porifera Phylum Cnidaria
Phylum Platyhelminthes
Phylum Nematoda
Cnidaria
Nomura Jellyfish
Nematoda
Platyhelminthes 1

2. Invertebrate Animals Phylum Mollusca Phylum Annelida Phylum Arthropoda
Phylum Echinodermata
Arthropoda
Echinodermata
Annelida
Polychete worm 2

4. Taxonomy Kingdom – Animalia Subkingdom – Parazoa (lacks tissues)
Phylum – Porifera (Pore-bearing)

5. Branching Tube Sponge 5

6. Stove Pipe Sponge 6

7. Vase Sponges 7

8. Barrel Sponges 8

10. Ball Sponges 10

11. Rope Sponges 11

12. 12

13. 13

14. 14

15. Characteristics Simplest of all animals Most are marine
Saltwater sponges - brightly colored
Freshwater sponges - small and dull green color
Size – 2 meters to 2 cm
Skeleton of protein fibers called spongin or spicules.

16. Sponge Skeletons
Silica Spicules
Limestone Spicules
SPONGIN

17. Sponge Skeletons
VENUS FLOWER BASKET
SPICULES

18. Characteristics Asymmetrical Have pores all over their bodies
Water enters through pores bringing in food and oxygen
Osculum – large opening at the top where excess water leaves
Asymmetrical

19. Water Flow Through the Sponge
WATER OUT
Water Flow Through the Sponge
WATER IN
Osculum

20. Movement Sessile as adults (attach to rocks)
Free-swimming larval stage

21. Choanocytes line the gastrovascular cavity & capture food
Amebocytes digest & distribute food

22. Filter feeders on plankton
Nutrition:
Filter feeders on plankton
Choanocytes (collar cells) line inside of body cavity
Have flagella that spins to pull in water & food
Collar traps plankton (food) from water

24. Pick up food from choanocytes
Amebocytes:
Pick up food from choanocytes
Finish digestion
Take food to other cells

27. Sponge releasing eggs & sperm
Sponge Reproduction
Sponges are hermaphrodites (produce both eggs & sperm)
Sponges reproduce Sexually by releasing eggs & sperm into the water from the osculum
Cross-fertilize each other’s eggs
Form a larva that settles on a rock and grow into an adult sponge
Sponge releasing eggs & sperm

28. Sponge Reproduction Sponges can regenerate (regrow) lost body parts
Also reproduce asexually by budding and fragmentation (pieces break off & form a new sponge)

29. Surviving Harsh Conditions
Write on the back of the graphic organizer
Gemmules are specialized buds made to survive harsh weather (hot or cold)

30. Contain food, amebocytes, and a protective covering of spicules
Released when a sponge dies
Become adult sponge once conditions become favorable