1. SOLVE-II 2002-2003 Kiruna Sweden Pre-AVE 2004 Costa Rica, JSC AVE-0506 2005 JSC (Houston) AVE-wiff 2005 JSC (Houston) CR-AVE 2006 Cost Rica, JSC TC4 2007 Cost Rica, JSC Over 300 Hours of flight time. Vortex, High + Mid Latitude,Tropics. Can Measure ~ 18 trace gas species every 1 to 3 min. PANTHER- Gas Chromatograph F.L. Moore 1,2, G.S. Dutton 1,2, J.W. Elkins 2, B.D. Hall 2, D.F. Hurst 1,2, and J.D. Nance 1,2.

2. PAN and other Trace Hydrohalocarbon ExpeRiment (PANTHER) 6-Channel GC (gas chromatograph). * 3 ECD (electron capture detectors), packed columns (OV-101, Porpak-Q, molecular sieve). * 1 ECD with a TE (thermal electric) cooled RTX-200 capillary column. * 2-channel MSD (mass selective detector). The MSD analyses two independent samples concentrated onto TE cooled Haysep traps, then passed through two temperature programmed RTX-624 capillary columns. Compounds Measured on Past Missions: ECD channels: N 2 O, SF 6, CCl 2 F 2 (CFC-12),) CCl 3 F (CFC-11), and CBrClF 2 (halon-1211), H 2, CH 4, CO, CCl 4, CH 3 CCl 3 (methyl chloroform) and PAN (peroxyl acetyl nitrate). Sample load width on ECD channels is 3 seconds > Data set correlates well with other fast measurements. MSD channels: The methyl halides CH 3 I, CH 3 Br, CH 3 Cl, the sulfur compounds COS, CS 2, the hydrochlorofluorocarbons CHClF 2 (HCFC-22), C 2 H 3 Cl 2 F (HCFC-141b), C 2 H 3 ClF 2 (HCFC-142b), and the hydrofluorocarbon C 2 H 2 F 4 (HFC-134a) Sample load width of MSD channels is 2 min. > Data set correlates with time average of fast measurements. TDL Channel: Water Vapor (Currently relocated back in UCATS.) Obtained simultaneous measurements with multiple Water Vapor instruments during TC4.

4. Well defined boundary conditions below Tropopause and above 380 K Ray et. al. 1999

5. Contrast Between Seasons

6. Spatial/Temporal information in Source region retained in Mixed region.

8. Out flow from Convective Events.CR-AVE 02-09-2006 CFC-11 = 250 ppt No Strato Loss. COS loss of 100 ppt Vegetative up take in BL. CH 3 I elevated to 0.2 ppt marine BL or bio-mass burn? HCFC-22 anthropogenic in BL? PAN ? ( In the gray aria mid flight we see BL air from Amazon. )

9. CR-AVE AVE-Houston TC4 (high convection)

10. PAN vs CO shows a high contrast between BL vs Lower Trop. PAN vs CO may be sensitive to inflow from the BL vs Entrainment from the Lower Trop. PAN Lifetime in the BL ~ 1 hour ! R. Talukdar et al. 1995 JGR H. Singh et al., 1994 JGR

11. Lifetime of CO in TTL ~ 1 Month (OH and Photolysis.) Data set contains information about convection from all longitudes due to the zonal wend.

12. Photolysis of acetone is a source of OH and PAN (through conversion of NOx). Chemically important in the TTL and LS. PAN Lifetime ~ 1 Month in the TTL NOx/NOy and OH/HOx - Chem. equilibrium fast in the TTL and LS. PAN is NOx reservoir (stabilize for month) - Test Measured vs. Calculated ratio Keim et al’s 1999 suggesting 20- 30 ppt PAN The following data set will also contain information about convection from all longitudes due to the zonal wends. But will also be modified by O 3 chemistry! S.A. McKeen et al., 1997 GRL