1. 9.1 Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education Canada Inc. Management Information Systems, Second Canadian Edition Chapter 9: The Internet and Its Infrastructure THE INTERNET AND ITS INFRASTRUCTURE

2. 9.2 Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education Canada Inc. Management Information Systems, Second Canadian Edition Chapter 9: The Internet and Its Infrastructure What is the new information technology (IT) infrastructure for business? Why is connectivity so important in this infrastructure?What is the new information technology (IT) infrastructure for business? Why is connectivity so important in this infrastructure? How does the Internet work? What are its major capabilities?How does the Internet work? What are its major capabilities? continued OBJECTIVES

3. 9.3 Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education Canada Inc. Management Information Systems, Second Canadian Edition Chapter 9: The Internet and Its Infrastructure How can organizations benefit from using the World Wide Web and Web technology? How can businesses benefit from the Wireless Web?How can organizations benefit from using the World Wide Web and Web technology? How can businesses benefit from the Wireless Web? What are the principal technologies for supporting electronic commerce and electronic business?What are the principal technologies for supporting electronic commerce and electronic business? What management problems are raised by the new information technology (IT) infrastructure? How can businesses solve these problems?What management problems are raised by the new information technology (IT) infrastructure? How can businesses solve these problems? OBJECTIVES (continued)

4. 9.4 Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education Canada Inc. Management Information Systems, Second Canadian Edition Chapter 9: The Internet and Its Infrastructure WEB SERVICES TAKING OFF? OR JUST MORE HYPE

5. 9.5 Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education Canada Inc. Management Information Systems, Second Canadian Edition Chapter 9: The Internet and Its Infrastructure 1.Taking a broader perspective on infrastructure development 2.Selecting technologies for the new information technology (IT) infrastructure MANAGEMENT CHALLENGES

6. 9.6 Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education Canada Inc. Management Information Systems, Second Canadian Edition Chapter 9: The Internet and Its Infrastructure 9.1 THE NEW IT INFRASTRUCTURE FOR THE DIGITAL FIRM Enterprise Networking Arrangement of organization’s hardware, software, network, and data resourcesArrangement of organization’s hardware, software, network, and data resources Creates a company-wide network linking many smaller networksCreates a company-wide network linking many smaller networksInternetworking Links separate networks into an interconnected networkLinks separate networks into an interconnected network Enterprise Networking and Internetworking

7. 9.7 Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education Canada Inc. Management Information Systems, Second Canadian Edition Chapter 9: The Internet and Its Infrastructure 9.1 THE NEW IT INFRASTRUCTURE FOR THE DIGITAL FIRM Enterprise Networking and Internetworking

8. 9.8 Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education Canada Inc. Management Information Systems, Second Canadian Edition Chapter 9: The Internet and Its Infrastructure Connectivity A measure of how well computers and computer- based devices communicateA measure of how well computers and computer- based devices communicate Open Systems Software systems that can operate on different hardware platformsSoftware systems that can operate on different hardware platforms Built on nonproprietary operating systems, user interfaces, application standards, and networking protocolsBuilt on nonproprietary operating systems, user interfaces, application standards, and networking protocols Standards and Connectivity for Digital Integration 9.1 THE NEW IT INFRASTRUCTURE FOR THE DIGITAL FIRM

9. 9.9 Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education Canada Inc. Management Information Systems, Second Canadian Edition Chapter 9: The Internet and Its Infrastructure Models of Connectivity for Networks Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) –US DOD reference model for linking different types of computers and networks –Used in the Internet –Uses a five-layer reference model Standards and Connectivity for Digital Integration 9.1 THE NEW IT INFRASTRUCTURE FOR THE DIGITAL FIRM

10. 9.10 Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education Canada Inc. Management Information Systems, Second Canadian Edition Chapter 9: The Internet and Its Infrastructure Standards and Connectivity for Digital Integration 9.1 THE NEW IT INFRASTRUCTURE FOR THE DIGITAL FIRM

11. 9.11 Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education Canada Inc. Management Information Systems, Second Canadian Edition Chapter 9: The Internet and Its Infrastructure Models of Connectivity for Networks Open Systems Interconnection (OSI)Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) –International reference model for linking different types of computers and networks –An alternative to TCP/IP Standards and Connectivity for Digital Integration 9.1 THE NEW IT INFRASTRUCTURE FOR THE DIGITAL FIRM

12. 9.12 Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education Canada Inc. Management Information Systems, Second Canadian Edition Chapter 9: The Internet and Its Infrastructure What is the Internet? 9.2 THE INTERNET: IT INFRASTRUCTURE FOR THE DIGITAL FIRM Internet Service Provider (ISP) Commercial organization with a permanent connection to InternetCommercial organization with a permanent connection to Internet Sells temporary connections to subscribersSells temporary connections to subscribers

13. 9.13 Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education Canada Inc. Management Information Systems, Second Canadian Edition Chapter 9: The Internet and Its Infrastructure Information Appliance Device customized to perform few specialized computing tasks with minimal user effortDevice customized to perform few specialized computing tasks with minimal user effort Internet Technology and Services 9.2 THE INTERNET: IT INFRASTRUCTURE FOR THE DIGITAL FIRM

14. 9.14 Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education Canada Inc. Management Information Systems, Second Canadian Edition Chapter 9: The Internet and Its Infrastructure Internet Technology and Services 9.2 THE INTERNET: IT INFRASTRUCTURE FOR THE DIGITAL FIRM

15. 9.15 Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education Canada Inc. Management Information Systems, Second Canadian Edition Chapter 9: The Internet and Its Infrastructure Internet Technology and Services 9.2 THE INTERNET: IT INFRASTRUCTURE FOR THE DIGITAL FIRM

16. 9.16 Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education Canada Inc. Management Information Systems, Second Canadian Edition Chapter 9: The Internet and Its Infrastructure Internet Technology and Services 9.2 THE INTERNET: IT INFRASTRUCTURE FOR THE DIGITAL FIRM

17. 9.17 Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education Canada Inc. Management Information Systems, Second Canadian Edition Chapter 9: The Internet and Its Infrastructure Internet Technology and Services 9.2 THE INTERNET: IT INFRASTRUCTURE FOR THE DIGITAL FIRM Communication on the Internet Electronic Mail (E-Mail)Electronic Mail (E-Mail) –Connects people worldwide –Creates productivity gain

18. 9.18 Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education Canada Inc. Management Information Systems, Second Canadian Edition Chapter 9: The Internet and Its Infrastructure Internet Technology and Services 9.2 THE INTERNET: IT INFRASTRUCTURE FOR THE DIGITAL FIRM Communication on the Internet Electronic Mail (E-Mail)Electronic Mail (E-Mail) –Domain name Identifies a unique node on the InternetIdentifies a unique node on the Internet –IP address Four-byte numeric addressFour-byte numeric address –Domain Name System (DNS) Hierarchical system of servers maintaining databases enabling conversion of domain names to their IP addressesHierarchical system of servers maintaining databases enabling conversion of domain names to their IP addresses

19. 9.19 Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education Canada Inc. Management Information Systems, Second Canadian Edition Chapter 9: The Internet and Its Infrastructure Internet Technology and Services 9.2 THE INTERNET: IT INFRASTRUCTURE FOR THE DIGITAL FIRM

20. 9.20 Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education Canada Inc. Management Information Systems, Second Canadian Edition Chapter 9: The Internet and Its Infrastructure Internet Tools for Communication Usenet NewsgroupsUsenet Newsgroups –Forums on which people share information and ideas on a defined topic –Large electronic bulletin boards LISTSERVLISTSERV –Online groups using e-mail broadcast from mailing list servers 9.2 THE INTERNET: IT INFRASTRUCTURE FOR THE DIGITAL FIRM

21. 9.21 Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education Canada Inc. Management Information Systems, Second Canadian Edition Chapter 9: The Internet and Its Infrastructure Internet Tools for Communication ChattingChatting –Live, interactive conversations over a public network Instant MessagingInstant Messaging –Chat service that allows participants to create their own private chat channels –Can be alerted whenever someone on a private list is online 9.2 THE INTERNET: IT INFRASTRUCTURE FOR THE DIGITAL FIRM

22. 9.22 Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education Canada Inc. Management Information Systems, Second Canadian Edition Chapter 9: The Internet and Its Infrastructure Internet Tools for Communication TelnetTelnet –Network tool that allows someone to log onto one computer system while doing work on another Internet TelephonyInternet Telephony –Two-way voice transmission over the Internet using the IP packet-switched connections –Voice over IP (VoIP) Virtual Private Networks (VPN)Virtual Private Networks (VPN) –Secure connection between two points on the Internet to transmit data 9.2 THE INTERNET: IT INFRASTRUCTURE FOR THE DIGITAL FIRM

23. 9.23 Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education Canada Inc. Management Information Systems, Second Canadian Edition Chapter 9: The Internet and Its Infrastructure File Transfer Protocol (FTP) Tool for retrieving and transferring files from a remote computerTool for retrieving and transferring files from a remote computer Information Retrieval and Sharing on the Internet 9.2 THE INTERNET: IT INFRASTRUCTURE FOR THE DIGITAL FIRM

24. 9.24 Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education Canada Inc. Management Information Systems, Second Canadian Edition Chapter 9: The Internet and Its Infrastructure Internet2 Research network with new protocols and transmission speedsResearch network with new protocols and transmission speeds Provides an infrastructure for supporting high bandwidth Internet applicationsProvides an infrastructure for supporting high bandwidth Internet applications Next Generation Networks and Internet2 9.2 THE INTERNET: IT INFRASTRUCTURE FOR THE DIGITAL FIRM

25. 9.25 Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education Canada Inc. Management Information Systems, Second Canadian Edition Chapter 9: The Internet and Its Infrastructure Next Generation Networks and Internet2 9.2 THE INTERNET: IT INFRASTRUCTURE FOR THE DIGITAL FIRM

26. 9.26 Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education Canada Inc. Management Information Systems, Second Canadian Edition Chapter 9: The Internet and Its Infrastructure CA*net3 Canadian equivalent of Internet2Canadian equivalent of Internet2 Designed to carry high-speed transmission over a government-funded backbone through CanadaDesigned to carry high-speed transmission over a government-funded backbone through Canada Next Generation Networks and Internet2 9.2 THE INTERNET: IT INFRASTRUCTURE FOR THE DIGITAL FIRM

27. 9.27 Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education Canada Inc. Management Information Systems, Second Canadian Edition Chapter 9: The Internet and Its Infrastructure 9.3 THE WORLD WIDE WEB Home PageHome Page –A World Wide Web text and graphical screen display that welcomes the user WebmasterWebmaster –The person in charge of an organization’s Web site Uniform Resource Locator (URL)Uniform Resource Locator (URL) –The address of a specific resource on the Internet

28. 9.28 Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education Canada Inc. Management Information Systems, Second Canadian Edition Chapter 9: The Internet and Its Infrastructure 9.3 THE WORLD WIDE WEB Hypertext Transport Protocol (HTTP)Hypertext Transport Protocol (HTTP) –Communications standard used to transfer pages on the Web –Defines how messages are formatted and transmitted

29. 9.29 Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education Canada Inc. Management Information Systems, Second Canadian Edition Chapter 9: The Internet and Its Infrastructure Search Engine Locates specific sites or information on InternetLocates specific sites or information on Internet Shopping Bot Software with varying levels of built-in intelligenceSoftware with varying levels of built-in intelligence Helps electronic commerce shoppers locate and evaluate products or servicesHelps electronic commerce shoppers locate and evaluate products or services Searching for Information on the Web 9.3 THE WORLD WIDE WEB

30. 9.30 Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education Canada Inc. Management Information Systems, Second Canadian Edition Chapter 9: The Internet and Its Infrastructure Searching for Information on the Web 9.3 THE WORLD WIDE WEB

31. 9.31 Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education Canada Inc. Management Information Systems, Second Canadian Edition Chapter 9: The Internet and Its Infrastructure Broadcast and Push Technology “Push” Technology“Push” Technology –Information broadcast directly to user based on prespecified interests MulticastingMulticasting –Transmission of data to a selected group of recipients Searching for Information on the Web 9.3 THE WORLD WIDE WEB

32. 9.32 Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education Canada Inc. Management Information Systems, Second Canadian Edition Chapter 9: The Internet and Its Infrastructure Intranet Technology –Firewall Hardware or software placed between an organization’s internal network and external networkHardware or software placed between an organization’s internal network and external network Prevents outsiders from invading private networksPrevents outsiders from invading private networksExtranets –Private intranets extended to authorized users outside company Intranets and Extranets 9.3 THE WORLD WIDE WEB

33. 9.33 Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education Canada Inc. Management Information Systems, Second Canadian Edition Chapter 9: The Internet and Its Infrastructure Intranets and Extranets 9.3 THE WORLD WIDE WEB

34. 9.34 Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education Canada Inc. Management Information Systems, Second Canadian Edition Chapter 9: The Internet and Its Infrastructure The Wireless Web Technologies enabling users to access digital information from the Internet using wireless mobile computing devicesTechnologies enabling users to access digital information from the Internet using wireless mobile computing devices The Wireless Web 9.3 THE WORLD WIDE WEB

35. 9.35 Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education Canada Inc. Management Information Systems, Second Canadian Edition Chapter 9: The Internet and Its Infrastructure The Wireless Web 9.3 THE WORLD WIDE WEB

36. 9.36 Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education Canada Inc. Management Information Systems, Second Canadian Edition Chapter 9: The Internet and Its Infrastructure The Wireless Web 9.3 THE WORLD WIDE WEB Wireless Web StandardsWireless Web Standards –Wireless Application Protocol (WAP) Lets cell phones and other wireless devices with small displays access Web-based servicesLets cell phones and other wireless devices with small displays access Web-based services –Wireless Markup Language (WML) Based on XML and optimized for tiny displaysBased on XML and optimized for tiny displays –Microbrowser Web browser with low-memory constraintsWeb browser with low-memory constraints –I-mode Standard developed by Japan’s NTT DoCoMoStandard developed by Japan’s NTT DoCoMo

37. 9.37 Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education Canada Inc. Management Information Systems, Second Canadian Edition Chapter 9: The Internet and Its Infrastructure The Wireless Web 9.3 THE WORLD WIDE WEB

38. 9.38 Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education Canada Inc. Management Information Systems, Second Canadian Edition Chapter 9: The Internet and Its Infrastructure The Wireless Web 9.3 THE WORLD WIDE WEB M-Commerce Challenges –Keyboards and screens of cell phones tiny and awkward to use –Very slow data transfer speeds –Minimal memory and limited power supplies in Internet-enabled phones –Web content primarily in text with very little graphics –Incompatible technologies

39. 9.39 Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education Canada Inc. Management Information Systems, Second Canadian Edition Chapter 9: The Internet and Its Infrastructure The Wireless Web 9.3 THE WORLD WIDE WEB Voice Portals Accept voice commands for accessing information from the web

40. 9.40 Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education Canada Inc. Management Information Systems, Second Canadian Edition Chapter 9: The Internet and Its Infrastructure 9.4 SUPPORT TECHNOLOGY FOR E-COMMERCE AND E-BUSINESS Hit –Entry into Web server’s log file –Generated by each request to the server for a file Electronic Commerce Server Software –Provides functions essential for running e-commerce Web sites Setting up cataloguesSetting up catalogues Mechanisms for processing purchasesMechanisms for processing purchases Web Servers and Electronic Commerce Servers

41. 9.41 Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education Canada Inc. Management Information Systems, Second Canadian Edition Chapter 9: The Internet and Its Infrastructure Collecting and storing data and combining data with already stored dataCollecting and storing data and combining data with already stored data Analyzing the dataAnalyzing the data Identifying customer preferences and trendsIdentifying customer preferences and trends Customer Tracking and Personalization Tools 9.4 SUPPORT TECHNOLOGY FOR E-COMMERCE AND E-BUSINESS

42. 9.42 Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education Canada Inc. Management Information Systems, Second Canadian Edition Chapter 9: The Internet and Its Infrastructure Clickstream TrackingClickstream Tracking –Tracking data about customer activities at Web sites and storing them in a log Collaborative FilteringCollaborative Filtering –Track users’ movements on a Web site –Compare the information against other customers’ data –Predict what the user would like to see next Customer Tracking and Personalization Tools 9.4 SUPPORT TECHNOLOGY FOR E-COMMERCE AND E-BUSINESS

43. 9.43 Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education Canada Inc. Management Information Systems, Second Canadian Edition Chapter 9: The Internet and Its Infrastructure Software to facilitate collection, assembly, and management of content on Web site, intranet, or extranet Dynamic Page GenerationDynamic Page Generation –Technology for storing the contents of Web pages as objects in a database where they can be accessed and assembled to create constantly changing Web pages Common Gateway Interface (CGI)Common Gateway Interface (CGI) –A standard way for a Web server to pass a user’s request to an application and to receive data to be forwarded to the user Web Content Management Tools 9.4 SUPPORT TECHNOLOGY FOR E-COMMERCE AND E-BUSINESS

44. 9.44 Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education Canada Inc. Management Information Systems, Second Canadian Edition Chapter 9: The Internet and Its Infrastructure Software Tools for:Software Tools for: –Monitoring time taken to download Web pages and perform Web transactions –Identifying broken links between Web pages, Web site problems, and bottlenecks Web Site Performance Monitoring Tool 9.4 SUPPORT TECHNOLOGY FOR E-COMMERCE AND E-BUSINESS

45. 9.45 Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education Canada Inc. Management Information Systems, Second Canadian Edition Chapter 9: The Internet and Its Infrastructure Company with large Web server computersCompany with large Web server computers Maintain Web sites for fee-paying subscribersMaintain Web sites for fee-paying subscribers Web Hosting Services 9.4 SUPPORT TECHNOLOGY FOR E-COMMERCE AND E-BUSINESS

46. 9.46 Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education Canada Inc. Management Information Systems, Second Canadian Edition Chapter 9: The Internet and Its Infrastructure 9.5 MANAGEMENT ISSUES AND DECISIONS Loss of management controlLoss of management control Connectivity and application integration challengesConnectivity and application integration challenges Organizational change requirementsOrganizational change requirements Hidden costs of enterprise computingHidden costs of enterprise computing Scalability, reliability, and securityScalability, reliability, and security DowntimeDowntime The Challenge of Managing the New IT Infrastructure

47. 9.47 Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education Canada Inc. Management Information Systems, Second Canadian Edition Chapter 9: The Internet and Its Infrastructure Change managementChange management Education and trainingEducation and training Data administration disciplinesData administration disciplines Planning for connectivity and application integrationPlanning for connectivity and application integration Some Solutions 9.5 MANAGEMENT ISSUES AND DECISIONS

48. 9.48 Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education Canada Inc. Management Information Systems, Second Canadian Edition Chapter 9: The Internet and Its Infrastructure THE INTERNET AND ITS INFRASTRUCTURE