1. Orlando, Florida www.lowndes-law.com Constitutional History The Learning Institute for Elders (“LIFE”) at the University of Central Florida January 8, 2013 © 2011 Lowndes, Drosdick, Doster, Kantor & Reed, P.A. All Rights Reserved By: Richard S. Dellinger, Esq., richard.dellinger@lowndes-law.com

2. Orlando, Florida | www.lowndes-law.com Constitutional History

3. Orlando, Florida | www.lowndes-law.com Pre-European America

4. Orlando, Florida | www.lowndes-law.com Early Iroquois Nation

5. Orlando, Florida | www.lowndes-law.com Later Iroquois Nation

6. Orlando, Florida | www.lowndes-law.com Recognition of Iroquois Contributions -Oct. 4, 1988 (House) -Oct. 21, 1988 (Senate)

7. Orlando, Florida | www.lowndes-law.com Spanish and British

8. Orlando, Florida | www.lowndes-law.com French-Indian War

9. Orlando, Florida | www.lowndes-law.com Pre-Colonial America

10. Orlando, Florida | www.lowndes-law.com British Colonies

11. Orlando, Florida | www.lowndes-law.com Timeline 1764-1774 Stamp Act, Quartering Act, Intolerable Acts July 4, 1776 Declaration of Independence March 1, 1781 Articles of Confederation Sept. 3, 1783 End Revolutionary War 1787 Constitutional Convention

12. Orlando, Florida | www.lowndes-law.com Federalist v. Anti-Federalist

13. Orlando, Florida | www.lowndes-law.com Federalists Advocated for a strong central government Federalist Papers - Anonymous Op-Eds James Madison, Alexander Hamilton, John Jay

14. Orlando, Florida | www.lowndes-law.com Anti-Federalists Advocated for state’s powers and individual rights Brutus essays Patrick Henry, Samuel Adams, George Mason, James Monroe

15. Orlando, Florida | www.lowndes-law.com Ratification / Compromise

16. Orlando, Florida | www.lowndes-law.com Article I, Article II, Article III

17. Orlando, Florida | www.lowndes-law.com Checks and Balances

18. Orlando, Florida | www.lowndes-law.com Representative Government

19. Orlando, Florida | www.lowndes-law.com

21. Constitution is Supreme This Constitution, and the Laws of the United States which shall be made in Pursuance thereof; and all Treaties made, or which shall be made, under the Authority of the United States, shall be the supreme Law of the Land; and the Judges in every State shall be bound thereby, and Thing in the Constitution or Laws of any State to the Contrary notwithstanding »(U.S. Constit. Art. VI)

22. Orlando, Florida | www.lowndes-law.com Constitutional Impact

23. Orlando, Florida | www.lowndes-law.com Final Word on Constitution?

24. Orlando, Florida | www.lowndes-law.com Marbury v. Madison (1803) Chief Justice John Marshall

25. Orlando, Florida | www.lowndes-law.com McCulloch v. Maryland (1819)

26. Orlando, Florida | www.lowndes-law.com Necessary and Proper

27. Orlando, Florida | www.lowndes-law.com Summary

28. Orlando, Florida | www.lowndes-law.com Federal Criminal Laws

29. Orlando, Florida | www.lowndes-law.com United States v. Nixon (1972) No executive privilege

30. Orlando, Florida | www.lowndes-law.com Bill of Rights Cases

31. Orlando, Florida | www.lowndes-law.com

32. Chief Justice Earl Warren Warren Court (1953-1969)

33. Orlando, Florida | www.lowndes-law.com Warren Court Decisions Miranda v. Arizona (1966) (interrogations) Mapp v. Ohio (1961) (S&S exclusionary) Baker v. Carr (1962) (voting districts)

34. Orlando, Florida | www.lowndes-law.com Gideon v. Wainwright (1963)

35. Orlando, Florida | www.lowndes-law.com Religion/ Establishment Clause Engle v. Vitale (1962) (school prayer) Abington v. Schempp (1963) (religious instruction) Epperson v. Arkansas (1968) (evolution eliminated for religion violates establishment)

36. Orlando, Florida | www.lowndes-law.com Griswold v. Connecticut (1963)

37. Orlando, Florida | www.lowndes-law.com Roe v. Wade (1973)

38. Orlando, Florida | www.lowndes-law.com Dredd Scott v. Sanford (1857)

39. Orlando, Florida | www.lowndes-law.com Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) Separate but equal

40. Orlando, Florida | www.lowndes-law.com Brown v. Board of Education (1954) Thurgood Marshall-1936Thurgood Marshall-1976

41. Orlando, Florida | www.lowndes-law.com NY Times v. Sullivan (1964)

42. Orlando, Florida | www.lowndes-law.com District of Columbia v. Heller (2008)

43. Orlando, Florida | www.lowndes-law.com Death Penalty Cases Furman v. Georgia (1972) (unconstitutional) Gregg v. Georgia (1976) (agg and mit factors constitutional)

44. Orlando, Florida | www.lowndes-law.com Questions