1. The Protestant Reformation
Martin Luther & John Calvin
EQs:
How does religious reform lead to conflict?
How does the Protestant Reformation impact the world today?

2. Background info… Salvation Heaven, hell Purgatory Erasmus
Roman Catholic Church

3. Martin Luther (1483-1546) A German theologian
Catholic monk until age 40
Bible study
Develops a problem with the Catholic doctrine of salvation

4. Catholicism Vs. Luther To reach salvation one must:
1) Have faith
2) Do good works
Selling of indulgences
Johann Tetzel
How can one possibly do enough good works to achieve salvation?
Faith alone justifies man’s salvation
Wants RCC to stop selling indulgences

5. Luther’s Ninety-Five Theses
1517 – Luther posts 95 Theses on the door of a Catholic Church in Wittenburg
His theses statements accuse the RCC of abuse (esp. indulgences)

6. What Luther Wants His doctrine of salvation: faith alone
2/7 sacraments; keeps baptism and communion
Clergy should be able to marry

7. Excommunication
Luther summoned to appear before the Holy Roman Empire to withdraw his opposing beliefs, which he does not do
He is excommunicated from the Roman Catholic Church in 1521

8. So What Happened To ML? Has protection and support from German rulers
Translates the bible from Latin to German
Gutenberg
Printing press
Lutheran churches form in Germany

9. John Calvin (1509-1564) Born into Catholicism in France
Converted to Protestantism and
fled to Geneva, Switzerland
Establishes himself as a leader in the Protestant movement after publishing his Institutes of the Christian Religion in 1536

10. Calvin’s Beliefs
Like Luther, Calvin believed that faith alone justified salvation
More emphasis on the absolute sovereignty of God
Predestination - you’re saved or you’re not, and your destiny is determined by God before you are born

11. The Consistory Employed commoners and clergy together
Keep an eye out for immoral behavior
Punished for participating in activities like dancing, intoxication, cursing, card games, etc…

12. Geneva Calvin created a tightly-knit institution of faith in Geneva
Training grounds for missionaries, who began spreading Calvinism throughout Europe
Calvinism most popular in France, Netherlands, Scotland

13. Final Points Luther and Calvin created two separate religions
Lutheranism and Calvinism are each a form of Protestantism
How will reform lead to conflict?