1. VAIL CLIMATE CHANGE RISK ASSEMENT Mckenzie Harris

2. VAIL MOUNTAIN o 3 RD largest single mountain resort in the United States o The most visited ski resort in the US o Owned by Vail Resorts which also owns Breckenridge, Keystone, and Beaver Creek in Colorado, Heavenly and Northstar in California, and Park City Mountain Resort in Utah o The most popular ski resorts in Colorado and brings in many international tourism

3. CLIMATE HAZARDS o Average annual temperature is 2 degrees higher than three decades ago and scientists say it will increase by 2.5 – 6.5 degrees by 2050, wildfires and heatwaves are more common o Warmer fall temps cause delayed openings of Vail and other major ski resorts o In 2014, The temperature in the fall was 4 degrees higher than average which meant they could use snow making machines. This delayed the opening dates from October 31 st to Thanksgiving weekend o The warmer temperature means snow is melting faster which is a threat to spring skiing o Snow is melting 15-30 days earlier than 25 years ago o “I think it’s time for the ski industry to shift the season from October to April to something that makes more sense, like December through May,” said Dillon resident Chuck Savall.

4. VULNERABILITIES o Vail Valley relies heavily on the ski season starting in the fall and ending in the spring o This effects local restaurants, ski and snowboard rentals, lodging and other local businesses o The resort itself spends a lot of money to try to open when scheduled including more staff and more equipment. o Because Vail and surrounding towns, as well as Colorado as a whole, is so reliant on the revenue from snow-based recreation, the risk is especially high.

5. ADAPTIVE CAPACITY o Right now the only thing Vail is doing to adapt to warmer temperatures is to spend more money trying to make snow than deal with the problem. o Vail needs to focus more on mitigation than adaptation. o “Ski resort CEOs and trade groups leaders have a fiscal responsibility to both understand climate change and respond at scale. That should be the industry’s highest priority,” said Schendler. o Participate the National Ski Area Association report on sustainable slopes in Colorado and join their Climate challenge. o NSAA’s climate challenge is a program designed to help ski areas set goals for carbon reduction and measure the success in reducing their carbon footprint.

6. CAPACITY TO CHANGE o Set up skier transportation programs- encourage skiers to carpool especially skiers from Boulder and Denver o Skier education and communication- Vail is the largest and most visited ski resort in the US, Approx. 1,634,250 annually, if they implemented green practices it would have a very large effect. o Comprehensive reduction planning- need a climate action plan and integrate it into planning and budget activities. The resort and town should link up when creating a plan to be more green. o Implement greener practices in all resorts owned by Vail Resorts

7. RESOURCES http://www.colorado.edu/news/releases/2014/08/05/new-report-highlights-how- climate-change-may-affect-water-coloradohttp://www.colorado.edu/news/releases/2014/08/05/new-report-highlights-how- climate-change-may-affect-water-colorado http://cwcb.state.co.us/environment/climate- change/Documents/COClimateReportOnePager.pdfhttp://cwcb.state.co.us/environment/climate- change/Documents/COClimateReportOnePager.pdf http://www.coloradoindependent.com/150106/global-warming-takes-bite-out-of- colorado-ski-seasonhttp://www.coloradoindependent.com/150106/global-warming-takes-bite-out-of- colorado-ski-season http://www.nytimes.com/2012/12/13/us/climate-change-threatens-ski-industrys- livelihood.html?_r=0http://www.nytimes.com/2012/12/13/us/climate-change-threatens-ski-industrys- livelihood.html?_r=0 http://www.aspentimes.com/news/regional/9485049-113/climate-ski-resorts-winter http://www.nsaa.org/media/210657/SSAR_2014.pdf https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vail_Ski_Resort#1970.27s