1. Chapter 1 Clickers © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Kinematics: Motion in One Dimension Prepared by Dedra Demaree, Georgetown University

2. The object represented by the following motion diagram is: a)Slowing down. b)Moving to the right. c)Moving with constant velocity. d)Speeding up. © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

3. The object represented by the following motion diagram is: a)Slowing down. b)Moving to the right. c)Moving with constant velocity. d)Speeding up. © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

4. What can we conclude about the motion of the two objects represented by the following motion diagrams? a)Both objects are moving at constant speed. b)Object 2 is moving more slowly than object 1. c)The objects could be moving either left or right. d)We can conclude all of the above. © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

5. What can we conclude about the motion of the two objects represented by the following motion diagrams? a)Both objects are moving at constant speed. b)Object 2 is moving more slowly than object 1. c)The objects could be moving either left or right. d)We can conclude all of the above. © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

6. Given the following motion diagram, what is the direction of the change in the velocity vector? a)The change in velocity vector is to the left. b)The change in velocity vector is to the right. c)The change in velocity vector is zero because the velocity is constant. d)It is impossible to determine the direction of the change in velocity vector from the given information. © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

7. Given the following motion diagram, what is the direction of the change in the velocity vector? a)The change in velocity vector is to the left. b)The change in velocity vector is to the right. c)The change in velocity vector is zero because the velocity is constant. d)It is impossible to determine the direction of the change in velocity vector from the given information. © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

8. If the velocity change arrows are all the same, what can we conclude? a)The object is speeding up steadily. b)The object is slowing down steadily. c)The object is moving at constant speed. d)The object cannot be moving. e)Either A or B could be possible. © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

9. If the velocity change arrows are all the same, what can we conclude? a)The object is speeding up steadily. b)The object is slowing down steadily. c)The object is moving at constant speed. d)The object cannot be moving. e)Either A or B could be possible. © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

10. If the velocity change arrows point in the opposite direction as the velocity arrows, what can we conclude? a)The object is speeding up steadily. b)The object is slowing down steadily. c)The object is moving at constant speed. d)None of the above. © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

11. If the velocity change arrows point in the opposite direction as the velocity arrows, what can we conclude? a)The object is speeding up steadily. b)The object is slowing down steadily. c)The object is moving at constant speed. d)None of the above. © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

12. Which information about a moving object can we NOT extract from a motion diagram? a)What the object was doing before the first dot of the motion diagram b)Where the object is at specific times c)What the object's velocity is at specific times d)How the object's velocity is changing © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

13. Which information about a moving object can we NOT extract from a motion diagram? a)What the object was doing before the first dot of the motion diagram b)Where the object is at specific times c)What the object's velocity is at specific times d)How the object's velocity is changing © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

14. Which of the following statements is true? a)Displacement and distance are always the same. b)Path length and distance are always the same. c)Position is always the same as distance. d)Distance is always the length of the displacement. © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

15. Which of the following statements is true? a)Displacement and distance are always the same. b)Path length and distance are always the same. c)Position is always the same as distance. d)Distance is always the length of the displacement. © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

16. A person starts at x i = –2.0 m and ends at x f = 3.0 m. Given the ground as a reference frame and a coordinate axis pointing to the right, which of the following is NOT FALSE ? a)The displacement vector points to the left. b)The value of the displacement d x is –5.0 m. c)The value of the displacement d x is +5.0 m. d)The distance traveled is –5.0 m. © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

17. A person starts at x i = –2.0 m and ends at x f = 3.0 m. Given the ground as a reference frame and a coordinate axis pointing to the right, which of the following is NOT FALSE ? a)The displacement vector points to the left. b)The value of the displacement d x is –5.0 m. c)The value of the displacement d x is +5.0 m. d)The distance traveled is –5.0 m. © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

18. Sammy went hiking between two camps that were separated by about 10 kilometers (km). He hiked approximately 16 km to get from one camp to the other. Which of the following is the CORRECT translation of 10 km and 16 km into the language of physical quantities? a)10 km is the displacement; 16 km is the distance. b)10 km is the initial position x i ; 16 km is the final position x f. c)16 km is the displacement; 10 km is the distance. d)16 km is the path length; 10 km is the distance. © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

19. Sammy went hiking between two camps that were separated by about 10 kilometers (km). He hiked approximately 16 km to get from one camp to the other. Which of the following is the CORRECT translation of 10 km and 16 km into the language of physical quantities? a)10 km is the displacement; 16 km is the distance. b)10 km is the initial position x i ; 16 km is the final position x f. c)16 km is the displacement; 10 km is the distance. d)16 km is the path length; 10 km is the distance. © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

20. By drawing the graph from the motion diagram, what are we NOT able to do? a)Infer the position of the object for times between the ones where measurements were taken b)Infer the position of the object before the initial point in the motion diagram c)Infer a trend in the observed motion data © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

21. By drawing the graph from the motion diagram, what are we NOT able to do? a)Infer the position of the object for times between the ones where measurements were taken b)Infer the position of the object before the initial point in the motion diagram c)Infer a trend in the observed motion data © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

22. What can we infer from the following graph? a)The object's motion ends when it reaches 10 m from the origin. b)The object gets farther from the origin with time. c)The object started to the left of the origin. d)The object's final position is above its initial position. © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

23. What can we infer from the following graph? a)The object's motion ends when it reaches 10 m from the origin. b)The object gets farther from the origin with time. c)The object started to the left of the origin. d)The object's final position is above its initial position. © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

24. Which of the following statements is always true about the description of motion of an object by two observers? (Be prepared to give a counter-example for each situation you think is incorrect.) a)Two observers using the same reference frame will always have the same description of motion. b)Two observers using the same coordinate axis (including the origin) will always have the same description of motion. c)Two observers using the same coordinate axis (including the origin) and reference frame will always have the same description of motion. © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

25. Which of the following statements is always true about the description of motion of an object by two observers? (Be prepared to give a counter-example for each situation you think is incorrect.) a)Two observers using the same reference frame will always have the same description of motion. b)Two observers using the same coordinate axis (including the origin) will always have the same description of motion. c)Two observers using the same coordinate axis (including the origin) and reference frame will always have the same description of motion. © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

26. Which of the following statements is consistent with what the variables indicate for the general linear function y(x) = kx + b? a)The variable x depends on y. b) b is the slope of the line. c) y is the slope of the line. d) b is the y-intercept. e) k is the y-intercept. © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

27. Which of the following statements is consistent with what the variables indicate for the general linear function y(x) = kx + b? a)The variable x depends on y. b) b is the slope of the line. c) y is the slope of the line. d) b is the y-intercept. e) k is the y-intercept. © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

28. Which parameter can we NOT determine from the following graph? a)Initial position x 0 b)Speed of the object c)Velocity of the object d)Position of the object at time t = 3 s e)Position of the object at t = 8 s © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

29. Which parameter can we NOT determine from the following graph? a)Initial position x 0 b)Speed of the object c)Velocity of the object d)Position of the object at time t = 3 s e)Position of the object at t = 8 s © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

30. What can we conclude about the motion of car A compared to car B? a)Car A and car B are not at the same location at t = 0. b)Car B is 1 m ahead of car A at t = 4 s. c)Car B is moving faster than car A. d)Both cars are moving in the –x direction. e)Car A is moving faster than car B. © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

31. What can we conclude about the motion of car A compared to car B? a)Car A and car B are not at the same location at t = 0. b)Car B is 1 m ahead of car A at t = 4 s. c)Car B is moving faster than car A. d)Both cars are moving in the –x direction. e)Car A is moving faster than car B. © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

32. A cyclist moves at a constant velocity of –8 m/s and starts at x 0 = 0 m. Which of the following statements is incorrect? a)The cyclist has a speed of 8 m/s. b)The cyclist has moved 8 meters after 1 second has passed. c)The cyclist is at x = +8 m at t = 1 s. d)The cyclist is at x = –8 m at t = 1 s. © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

33. A cyclist moves at a constant velocity of –8 m/s and starts at x 0 = 0 m. Which of the following statements is incorrect? a)The cyclist has a speed of 8 m/s. b)The cyclist has moved 8 meters after 1 second has passed. c)The cyclist is at x = +8 m at t = 1 s. d)The cyclist is at x = –8 m at t = 1 s. © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

34. Compare two objects (positions are in meters, time is in seconds): x 1 = 5t + 3 x 2 = –4t + 0 Which of the following is incorrect? a)Object 2 starts at the origin. b)Object 1 and object 2 are moving in opposite directions. c)Object 1 has a speed of 5 m/s. d)Object 2 has a velocity of 4 m/s. © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

35. Compare two objects (positions are in meters, time is in seconds): x 1 = 5t + 3 x 2 = –4t + 0 Which of the following is incorrect? a)Object 2 starts at the origin. b)Object 1 and object 2 are moving in opposite directions. c)Object 1 has a speed of 5 m/s. d)Object 2 has a velocity of 4 m/s. © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

36. What is the displacement of "you" between t = 0 and t = 2 s? a)0 m b)+3 m c)+6 m d)+9 m © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

37. What is the displacement of "you" between t = 0 and t = 2 s? a)0 m b)+3 m c)+6 m d)+9 m © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

38. What is the displacement (x – x 0 ) between t = 0 s and t = 2 s given that the equation for position as a function of time is x = 3t + 0 (x in meters, t in seconds)? a)0 m b)+3 m c)+6 m d)+9 m © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

39. What is the displacement (x – x 0 ) between t = 0 s and t = 2 s given that the equation for position as a function of time is x = 3t + 0 (x in meters, t in seconds)? a)0 m b)+3 m c)+6 m d)+9 m © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

40. The equation for your position as a function of time is x = 3t + 0 (x in meters, t in seconds). Compare that to the graph of your velocity. Which statement is incorrect? a)We can find the displacement between t = 0 and t = 2 s from the equation or the graph. b)We can find your velocity from either the equation or the graph. c)We can find your initial position from either the equation or the graph. d)We can find your acceleration from either the equation or the graph. © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

41. The equation for your position as a function of time is x = 3t + 0 (x in meters, t in seconds). Compare that to the graph of your velocity. Which statement is incorrect? a)We can find the displacement between t = 0 and t = 2 s from the equation or the graph. b)We can find your velocity from either the equation or the graph. c)We can find your initial position from either the equation or the graph. d)We can find your acceleration from either the equation or the graph. © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

42. Why is the following statement true? "Displacement is equal to the area between a velocity-versus-time graph line and the time axis with a positive or negative sign." a)This is consistent with the definition of the slope of the position versus time graph. b)This is consistent with finding the height times the width of the velocity graph. c)This yields a result consistent with applying the equation for linear motion. d)All of the above are true. © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

43. Why is the following statement true? "Displacement is equal to the area between a velocity-versus-time graph line and the time axis with a positive or negative sign." a)This is consistent with the definition of the slope of the position versus time graph. b)This is consistent with finding the height times the width of the velocity graph. c)This yields a result consistent with applying the equation for linear motion. d)All of the above are true. © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

44. Which of the following situations corresponds to a positive acceleration? a)An object moving in the –x direction and slowing down b)An object moving in the –x direction and speeding up c)An object moving in the +x direction and slowing down d)None of the above © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

45. Which of the following situations corresponds to a positive acceleration? a)An object moving in the –x direction and slowing down b)An object moving in the –x direction and speeding up c)An object moving in the +x direction and slowing down d)None of the above © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

46. An object has an initial velocity of –4 m/s and a constant acceleration of 3 m/s 2. What is its velocity at t = 2 s? a)–10 m/s b)–2 m/s c)+2 m/s d)+10 m/s © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

47. An object has an initial velocity of –4 m/s and a constant acceleration of 3 m/s 2. What is its velocity at t = 2 s? a)–10 m/s b)–2 m/s c)+2 m/s d)+10 m/s © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

48. What are the SI units of (1/2)a x t 2 ? a)s b)s 2 c)m d)m/s e)m/s 2 © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

49. What are the SI units of (1/2)a x t 2 ? a)s b)s 2 c)m d)m/s e)m/s 2 © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

50. An object starts at rest 3 m from the origin and has an acceleration of –1 m/s 2. What is its position at t = 2 s? a)–5 m b)–2 m c)1 m d)3 m © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

51. An object starts at rest 3 m from the origin and has an acceleration of –1 m/s 2. What is its position at t = 2 s? a)–5 m b)–2 m c)1 m d)3 m © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

52. The following equation describes an object's motion: x = (2 m) + (0)t + (1/2)(–1 m/s 2 )t 2 Which of the following statements is correct? a)The object starts to the left of the origin. b)The object starts with an initial velocity. c)The object has constant velocity. d)The object is speeding up. © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

53. The following equation describes an object's motion: x = (2 m) + (0)t + (1/2)(–1 m/s 2 )t 2 Which of the following statements is correct? a)The object starts to the left of the origin. b)The object starts with an initial velocity. c)The object has constant velocity. d)The object is speeding up. © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

54. A car's motion with respect to the ground is described by the following function: x = (–48 m) + (+12 m/s)t + (–0.5 m/s 2 )t 2 Which statement is INCORRECT? a)The position of the car at t = 0 is –48 m. b)The initial velocity of the car is +12 m/s. c)The acceleration of the car is –0.5 m/s 2. d)The acceleration of the car is –1.0 m/s 2. © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

55. A car's motion with respect to the ground is described by the following function: x = (–48 m) + (+12 m/s)t + (–0.5 m/s 2 )t 2 Which statement is INCORRECT? a)The position of the car at t = 0 is –48 m. b)The initial velocity of the car is +12 m/s. c)The acceleration of the car is –0.5 m/s 2. d)The acceleration of the car is –1.0 m/s 2. © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

56. When an object is thrown upward, what is its acceleration (given a coordinate axis choice where +y is downward)? a)–9.8 m/s 2 b)0 m/2 2 c)9.8 m/s 2 © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

57. When an object is thrown upward, what is its acceleration (given a coordinate axis choice where +y is downward)? a)–9.8 m/s 2 b)0 m/2 2 c)9.8 m/s 2 © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

58. At t = 0, an object is 10 m above the ground, moving upward with a velocity of 1 m/s. Which of the following equations correctly describes the object's position as a function of time given a coordinate axis where y = 0 at the ground and +y is downward? a) y = (–10 m) + (–1 m/s)t + (1/2)(9.8 m/s 2 )t 2 b) y = (10 m) + (–1 m/s)t + (1/2)(–9.8 m/s 2 )t 2 c) y = (10 m) + (1 m/s)t + (1/2)(–9.8 m/s 2 )t 2 d) y = (–10 m) + (1 m/s)t + (1/2)(9.8 m/s 2 )t 2 © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

59. At t = 0, an object is 10 m above the ground, moving upward with a velocity of 1 m/s. Which of the following equations correctly describes the object's position as a function of time given a coordinate axis where y = 0 at the ground and +y is downward? a) y = (–10 m) + (–1 m/s)t + (1/2)(9.8 m/s 2 )t 2 b) y = (10 m) + (–1 m/s)t + (1/2)(–9.8 m/s 2 )t 2 c) y = (10 m) + (1 m/s)t + (1/2)(–9.8 m/s 2 )t 2 d) y = (–10 m) + (1 m/s)t + (1/2)(9.8 m/s 2 )t 2 © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

60. At t = 0, an object is 30 m above the ground, moving upward with a velocity of 1 m/s. Where is the object at t = 2 s (approximate g of 10 m/s 2 )? a)10 m b)12 m c)48 m d)50 m © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

61. At t = 0, an object is 30 m above the ground, moving upward with a velocity of 1 m/s. Where is the object at t = 2 s (approximate g of 10 m/s 2 )? a)10 m b)12 m c)48 m d)50 m © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.