1. Chapter 4: The Exchange of Ideas
Social Studies 8
Chapter 4: The Exchange of Ideas

2. The Exchange of Ideas Our primary Inquiry Question is:
How did the Renaissance spark the growth and exchange of ideas across Europe?

3. The Exchange of Ideas Read about Galileo on page 79 (light blue area).
Why was Galileo sentenced to house arrest?
With which elements of the worldview icon did Galileo’s knowledge conflict?

4. Add ‘R’

5. The Exchange of Ideas Examine the painting on page 78
What does Galileo’s experience tell us about how difficult it is to change a worldview?

7. Science: A New Way of Seeing
How can discoveries in the sciences change people’s worldview?

8. Here is an awesome ‘scientific’ discovery: you can go down the stairs incredibly quicker if you sit in a laundry basket.

10. Science: A New Way of Seeing
The scientific method
Attitudes toward science changed during the Renaissance
Humanism and individualism encouraged people to experiment and question

11. Science: A New Way of Seeing
Read the quote by Leonardo da Vinci on page 80
What is da Vinci encouraging us to do? Why?

12. Leonardo da Vinci
“We must consult experience in the variety of cases and circumstances until we can draw from them a general rule that is contained in them. And for what purposes are these rules good? They lead us to further investigations of nature and to creations of art.”

13. Science: A New Way of Seeing
The process of making observations, experimenting, and drawing conclusions based on evidence is known as the scientific method.
This process led to many new discoveries during the Renaissance.

14. Science: A New Way of Seeing
Examine figure 4-3 on page 80
Why is this scientific method so effective?

16. Science: A New Way of Seeing
Does the scientific process force us to think in certain ‘constructed’ ways?
Can you think of any issues about only thinking in this rationale?

17. Science: A New Way of Seeing
Astronomy
For thousands of years before the Renaissance people believed the sun revolved around the earth.
See figure 4-7 on page 81
Europeans believed God put the Earth in the centre of the universe.

18. Science: A New Way of Seeing
Galileo and others discovered that the earth actually revolved around the sun.
Examine figure 4-8 on page 81
This threatened the worldview of the time

19. Albert Einstein (1941)
“Science without religion is lame, religion without science is blind”
What does this quote make you think about?

20. Science: A New Way of Seeing
Medicine
Read the first paragraph on page 82.
What does this prescription for treating wounds indicate about Medieval medicine?

22. Science: A New Way of Seeing
At the beginning of the Renaissance people relied on “natural” cures like the First Nations.
During the Renaissance medical knowledge grew as people became more educated.

23. First Nation’s Attitudes
Rely on the wisdom of elders
Use the medicinal power of plants
Focus on the spiritual, emotional and physical self
Medicine women/men help to establish harmony between people and nature

24. Science: A New Way of Seeing
Most medical advances were made in the study of anatomy because dissection was made legal in many cities for the first time.

25. Genetically Modified (GM) Food
Turn to page 85 and read the section
Idea of producing plants that have desirable characteristics
We are eating chemically enhanced foods that are affecting our health

26. Science: A New Way of Seeing
Mathematics
Many Renaissance thinkers saw mathematics as the basic tool for understanding the universe.
Turn to page 87 and read about perspective.

27. Filippo Brunelleschi 1377 – 1446 The first Renaissance architect
Rediscovered the mathematical theory of perspective
He used perspective drawings to show how the buildings would look like when completed