1. New Progress of High Current Gasdynamic Ion Source
Vadim Skalyga, Sergey Golubev, Ivan Izotov,
Sergey Razin, Alexander Sidorov, Alexander Vodopyanov
Olli Tarvainen, Hannu Koivisto, Taneli Kalvas
Thierry Lamy, Thomas Thuillier
Efim Oks, Georgy Yushkov, Aleksey Nikolaev

2. Outline - Quasi-gasdynamic regime of plasma confinement
- SMIS 37 gasdynamic ECR ion source
Multicharged ions production
Metallic ions production
Proton beams extraction
Other gasdynamic sources
CW gasdynamic ion source
Conclusion
Institute of Applied Physics RAS, Nizhny Novgorod

3. Quasi-gasdynamic plasma confinement
Institute of Applied Physics RAS, Nizhny Novgorod

4. Geller and Gasdynamic ECRIS
Coulomb electron scattering
into the loss-cone
(collisionless)
(collisional)
Quasi-gasdynamic confinement
Time of plasma escape
Vs – ion sound velocity
Leff – effective trap length
Institute of Applied Physics RAS, Nizhny Novgorod

5. Quasi-gasdynamic confinement
Plasma confinement
Averaged ion charge
Collisionless confinement
sec
Ion current
Quasi-gasdynamic confinement
cm-3
Institute of Applied Physics RAS, Nizhny Novgorod

6. Ion charge vs HF Limitation for plasma density:
Institute of Applied Physics RAS, Nizhny Novgorod

7. Geller ECRIS vs Gasdynamic
I, mA
Gasdynamic
ECRIS
Argon
100 10
Geller
ECRIS 1 q +5
+10
+15
Institute of Applied Physics RAS, Nizhny Novgorod

8. SMIS 37 gasdynamic ECR ion source
Institute of Applied Physics RAS, Nizhny Novgorod

9. SMIS 37 general view Diagnostic chamber Plasma chamber -wave coupling
system
Gyrotron
Frequency 37,5 or 75 GHz
Power up to 100 kW
Pulse duration 1 ms
Trap magnetic field up to 5 T
Institute of Applied Physics RAS, Nizhny Novgorod

10. SMIS 37 plasma part Faraday cup
Institute of Applied Physics RAS, Nizhny Novgorod

11. SMIS 37 main goals Unique plasma parameters
(Ne > 1013 cm-3,   5 ÷ 50 s, Te  50 ÷ 300 eV)
High current density ( j  100 ÷ 800 mA/cm2 )
Low emittance values
High (unique) flexibility
Institute of Applied Physics RAS, Nizhny Novgorod

12. Multicharged ions production
Institute of Applied Physics RAS, Nizhny Novgorod

13. Charge state distribution
Argon
Nitrogen
Institute of Applied Physics RAS, Nizhny Novgorod

14. Xenon plasma
Institute of Applied Physics RAS, Nizhny Novgorod

15. Ion charge vs trap length
Institute of Applied Physics RAS, Nizhny Novgorod

16. Experiments with 37 and 75 GHz
Ion current, a.u.
75 GHz
Analyser magnet current, A
Institute of Applied Physics RAS, Nizhny Novgorod

17. Beam currents
160 mA
30 kV
Institute of Applied Physics RAS, Nizhny Novgorod

18. Metallic ions production
Institute of Applied Physics RAS, Nizhny Novgorod

19. Gasdynamic charge breeding (SMIS 37-75 + MEVVA)
MEVVA plasma gun

20. Additional MEVVA ions stripping
Pt+
Pt++
Pt3+
Platinum
No ECR heating
Additional stripping with optimal parameters
Microwave power 60 kW
Magnetic field in the plug 2.6 T
Vacuum arc current 80 A
Pt3+
Pt6+
Pt5+
Pt4+
Fe++
37 GHz
75 GHz

21. ECR source of EUV light MEVVA plasmagun Tin cathode Магнитные катушки
Microwaves 50 GHz
MEVVA plasmagun
Tin cathode
Магнитные катушки
Magnetic coils
EUV
Detector 13.5±1% nm
Sn4+ 9+
Sn6+
Time, μs
TOF signal
Sn+
Sn3+
Sn2+
No microwave heating
50 GHz
Experiment:
50 W to 4π to 13.5 nm ± 1%
η ~ 0.5 %
Source size 3 х 3 х 50 mm

22. Proton and deuteron beams extraction

23. Beam current measurements

24. Ion spectrum (Hydrogen, Deuterium)
H+, D+  94 %
H2+, D2+ < 6 %

25. Neutron generation Expected neutron flux (100 kV): 5·1010 – 1·1011 s-1
“Low” energy D+ ion beams:
D + D --> 3He3 + n MeV
D + T --> 4He3 + n MeV
Neutron flux 109 at 45 kV energy
Expected neutron flux (100 kV):
5·1010 – 1·1011 s-1
5·1012 – 1·1013 s-1 T-target
Targets: TiD2, ZrD2, ScD2
Up to 1,8 D atoms per one sorbent atom

26. Is SMIS 37-75 the only high current gasdynamic source?

27. Grenoble 60 GHz ECRIS Gyrotron frequency 60 GHz Power up to 200 kW
Pulse duration up to 1 ms
Cusp magnetic trap
Maximum magnetic field 7 T (injection)
1.8 A/cm2 !
900 mA/cm2
ECR zone HF
Ions
O mA

28. should be demonstrated in Grenoble
Grenoble source goals
High frequency and power
High repetition rate
Closed ECR zone
Effective gas control
MHD stability
Boundary confinement regimes (probably)
The real performance of gasdynamic ECRIS for multicharged ions production
should be demonstrated in Grenoble

29. CW gasdynamic ion source
CW gyrotron 24 GHz, 5 kW
Simple mirror trap
SMIS 24
First test of SMIS 24 was performed
More than 10 hours of operation
First ion beam was extracted Beam current = 3 mA
Ion current density in magnetic mirror = 1 A/cm2

30. Benefits of gasdynamic ECRIS
High current beams
Low beam emittance
Short leading and trailing edge of the pulse
High ionization efficiency
Simple scaling of source parameters
Institute of Applied Physics RAS, Nizhny Novgorod

31. Applications High current ion beams for accelerators
Deuterium beams for neutron production
EUV sources (13,5 nm)
Short pulse ion beams production
Institute of Applied Physics RAS, Nizhny Novgorod

32. Thank you for your attention Thanks to our collaborators Thanks a lot to Organizing committee for invitation and opportunity to present this talk