1. AN OVERVIEW OF LITHUANIAN AGRICULTURE

2. The structure of farmers End of the 19th century – beginning of the 20th century 75 % of the population – peasants. They possessed 50 % of the land 4 % of the population – landlords. They owned 36 % of the land. Merchant, craftsmen and the church owned 14 % of the land. 1/3 of the peasants were landless or had very small holdings.

3. The structure of farmers 1918-1939 The land of landlords was expropriated leaving them only at 80-150 ha 720 thous. ha of expropriated land was divided among 100 thous. of the landless They had to redeem the land in 36 years.

4. The structure of farmers 1940-1989 In 1941 the first „kolchoz“ appeared In 1941 started mass deportations (on 14 June were deported 1600 farmers) At that time there were 390 thous. farmers (average holding 8,5 ha) In 1951 there were 3000 collective farms (their aver. area -1340 ha), in 1960 – 1900 collective farms (their aver. area -1990 ha) In 1989 – 830 collective farms (their aver. area -3930 ha) Collective farmers owned up to 0,6 ha

5. The structure of farmers Since 1990 In 1993 there were 6000 agricultural companies 500 thous. farmers. In 2000 - 2300 agricultural companies 400 thous. farmers

6. The structure of agricultural land The area of agricultural land – 4 mill. ha (61 %) The area of agricultural crops – 3,4 mill. ha(53 %) Including arable land – 2,9 mill. ha (85 % of the country‘s territory) Meadows, pastureland – 0,45 mill. ha (13,5 % from the crops area) Gardens – 0,04 mill. ha (1,3 % from the crops area)

7. Land quality classification started in 1926

8. Changes in crop areas, thous. ha Crops Year 19391950197019902005 Grain crops 168714938561084885 Including rye 56750415916860 Wheat 207186130346283 Barley 222109437398296 Oats 380373537748 Legumes No data 124598221 Flax 8676542310 Beet roots 926 2126 Potatoes 20322517411293 Maize --847814 Rapes ---1167

9. Crop yield t/ha Crops Year 1985199020002005 Grain crops2,503,012,683,03 Including rye 2,142,802,342,46 Wheat 2,773,393,563,61 Barley 2,622,992,432,93 Oats 2,102,531,872,37 Legumes 2,312,441,842,32 Flax 0,420,440,830,54 Beet roots 27283238 Potatoes 14 1615 Maize 3128 Rapes -2,2 1,8

10. Stockbreeding production thous. t Production Year 19391945195019701990 Meat 180110190390530 Dairy products 124071085024903160

11. The structure of vegetables Year 1935 Cabbage - 37 % Beans - 17 % Beetroots - 16 % Carrots - 14 % Onions - 10 %

12. The structure of vegetables Year 1980 Cabbbage - 25 % Green peas - 18 % Carrots - 16 % Beetroots - 15 % Cucumbers - 10 % Onions - 4 %

13. The structure of fruit trees Year 1930 Apple trees - 42 % Cherry trees - 36 % Pear treesd - 11 % Plum trees - 11 %

14. The structure of fruit trees At present Gardens occupy 38 thous. ha They produce 1 % of agricultural production. Prevail apple trees. 80 % of berry production comprise currents and strawberries

15. Amelioration (applying drainage) thous. ha In 1925 - 0,1 In 1930 - 1,2 In 1935 - 5,7 In 1940 - 4,9 In 1950 - 0,9 In 1960 - 156 In 1980 - 490 In 1990 - 180

16. Mechanization in agricultural sector Up to the middle of the 20th century - horses In 1920 tractors started to be used

17. Number of tractors in agricultural sector In 1945 - 340 In 1950 - 3250 In 1955 - 8600 In 1990 - 73000 In 2002 - 111000

18. Significance of agricultural sector in the economy of the country Year 2003 GDP - 56 mlrd. Lt Share of agricultural production within GDP - 4,1 mlrd. Lt (7,3 %)