1. Modified SWAT Model for Cold Climate of Canada Rouge River Modified SWAT Model for Cold Climate of Canada Application: Rouge River Watershed Masoud Asadzadeh Wanhong Yang & Yongbo Liu Luis Leon & William Booty Ram Yerubandi, Craig McCrimmon, Issac Wong, and Phil Fong

2.  Simulate the Current State of the Rouge River Watershed (Base Case) Soil Type Land-Use Management Operations Observed Climate Data Observed Flow and Water Quality Data  Estimate the Impact of Increasing the Forest Land-Use (Reforestation)  Increase the Forest Land-Use  Compare Base Case and Reforestation Scenarios: Simulated Flow, Water Quality Objectives Case Study Methods Results Conclusions

3. Rouge River Watershed Objectives Case Study Methods Results Conclusions TRCA watershed maps: http://trca.on.ca/the-living-city/watersheds/http://trca.on.ca/the-living-city/watersheds/ Scholars GeoPortal website: http://geo2.scholarsportal.info/http://geo2.scholarsportal.info/ Little Rouge at Reesor Road Main Rouge near 14 th Avenue Main Rouge at Twyn Rivers Drive

4. Rouge River Watershed Objectives Case Study Methods Results Conclusions Data from Canadian Soil Information Service (CanSIS) Version 3

5. Rouge River Watershed Objectives Case Study Methods Results Conclusions Data and map is provided by TRCA and represents 2005 conditions Hay38 Corn30 Soybean22 Winter Wheat10

6. CanSWAT Snow Redistribution: Snow can redistribute between land-use classes based on: Wind direction Slope and curvature along the wind direction Elevation Snowmelt under Frozen Soil Condition: Modified CNfrz based on SW of each layer of the soil Added soil erodibility factor for snowmelt events Added user defined nutrient enrichment ratios, nitrate percolation coefficient, and P soil partitioning coefficient for snowmelt events. Objectives Case Study Methods Results Conclusions

7. Calibration Objectives Sum of Absolute Error Percent Bias in High Flow Percent Bias in Low Flow Percent Bias in Mid-Range Flow Objectives Case Study Methods Results Conclusions

8. PA-DDS Objectives Case Study Methods Results Conclusions Perturb current ND solution Update ND solutions Continue? STOP New solution is ND? Pick the New solution Pick a ND solution Initialize starting solutions Y N Create ND-solution set Y N

9. Base Case Water Balance Components Annual Average Estimated by Water Balance Studies in the Past CanSWAT Precipitation (mm) 840 - 870837 Snowfall (mm) 126 - 130102 Evapotranspiration (mm) 520 - 540477 Runoff (mm) 320 - 330351 Surface Flow (mm) 189 - 196209 Objectives Case Study Methods Results Conclusions

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19. Reforestation Objectives Case Study Methods Results Conclusions

20. Reforestation Objectives Case Study Methods Results Conclusions

21. Reforestation Objectives Case Study Methods Results Conclusions

22. Reforestation Rouge River Watershed Outlet Base CaseReforestation% difference TSS (mg/l) 218185 ↓ 15.1↓ TP (mg/l) 0.2870.280 ↓ 2.5 ↓ TN (mg/l) 1.2671.223 ↓ 3.5 ↓ High Flow (cms) 38.535.4 ↓ 8.0 ↓ Low Flow (cms) 1.001.01 ↑ 1.0 ↑ Objectives Case Study Methods Results Conclusions

23. Rouge River watershed is modelled with detailed information about the soil type, land- use, and land management operations. CanSWAT is calibrated to adequately simulate flow and water quality constituents. The calibrated model is a good representation of the rainfall-runoff relationship in the Rouge River watershed. Reforestation can reduce sediments and nutrients delivered into the Lake Ontario from the watershed. Objectives Case Study Methods Results Conclusions

24. Thank You Objectives Case Study Methods Results Conclusions