2. 一般来说，句子 按照 “ 主语 + 谓语 ” 的顺序排列，叫 做自然语序。有 时为了强调突出 某一部分或保持 句子的平衡结构， 从而使句子语序 变为倒装语序。

3. 语序语序 自然 语序 主语 + 谓语 The boy came in. 倒装语序倒装语序 完全 倒装 谓语 + 主语 In came the boy. 部分 倒装 ( 半倒 装 ) 助动词 / 情态 动词 /be+ 主语 + 谓语 Never shall we forget them.

4. 完全倒装 In the corner of the room is/ stands a big piano. There lay an old man. Out went the students when the class is over. 动词提前

5. Here comes a lovely boy. 注意：主语是人称代词时，则不需 倒装。 Here he comes. Here it is. In flew a girl. 1. 趋向性的副词位于句首 (there,here, out, in, away, up,down…) There stands a beautiful house.

6. 2. 副词 now, then, thus 引 导的句子里，谓语是 come, follow, begin, end, be 等． Now comes your turn! Then followed another shot of gun. Thus ended the meeting.

7. 3. 在直接引语全部或部分置于句首时, 谓 语动 词和它的主语（名词）往往要倒装。 “Tom”, said his father, “You shouldn’t make friends with such boys!” 注意： 1) 主语是代词时，不可以倒装。 “Where are you going?” he asked. 2) 引用动词另有宾语时，即使主语是名词也不 倒装。 “Why didn’t you join us!”our monitor asked us. “come on,” shouted the man.

8. Between the two buildings stands a tall tree. At the foot of the mountain runs a river. 4 介词短语＋谓语 + 主语 Gone are the days when people used foreign oil. With him was a man of no more than forty. 5. 表语＋系动词＋主语 Exercises:

9. 1.A firework display came after the party. 2.Rows of fruit trees were around the lake. 3. The policeman shouted, “Stop running, or I’ ll fire”. After the party came a firework display. Around the lake were rows of fruit trees. “Stop running, or I’ll fire.” shouted the policeman.

10. 动助动词, 情态动 词,be 动词提前 部分倒装 1. Had you studied harder, you would have entered Peking University. 2. Not only is he good at sports, but he also does well in lessons. 3. Not until I came back did he leave for work.

11. I like bones. So do I. A leopard can run very fast. So can a horse.

12. (1)Lemon runs very fast. (2) I can’t run fast. (3) Lemon runs very fast. (4) Lemon is a girl and runs fast. So does Mary. Nor / Neither can Mary. So she does. So it is with Mary. 1. so; neither/ nor

13. If you don’t want it, neither ____ I. He is not a businessman; neither _______ he wish to be. 如果后一个句子只是单纯的重复前面句子的意 思，则不倒装。 “It is hot today.” “So it is.” “He finished it on time.” “So he did.” shall does

14. Choose the correct answers 1.--I used to smoke a lot. --__________. A. So did I B. So do I C. So used I D. So I did 2.--You forgot your purse when you went out. --Good heavens, __________. A. so did I B. so I did C. I did so D. I so did 3.--David has made great progress recently. --_____, and _______. A. So he has; so you have B. So he has; so have you C. So he has; so do you D. So has he; so you have

15. 2. 否定词开头 not, no, little, few, seldom, hardly, nor, scarcely, rarely, neither, by no means, not until,no sooner …than, hardly…when,… 1.Hardly _____________(I enter) the room when the phone rang. 2. No sooner ____________ ( I reach) home than it began to rain. had I entered had I reached Never before have I met him. Hardly did I think it possible. Seldom did the boy read newspaper.

16. 3. The people didn’t realize the serious problem until all the fish died in the river. Not until all the fish died in the river did the people realize the serious problem. (It was not until … that…) It was not until all the fish died in the river that the people realized the serious problem. ( not until …)

17. Neither has he called on her, nor will he do so. Not only shall we learn from books, but also we should learn from practice. 3.Neither..nor 连接的两个句子都要倒装； not only…but also 连接的两个句子时， not only 后面的句子要倒装。 Not only …but also.. 连接主语时不倒装 Not only he but also I have kept the secret.

18. Change the sentences into inverted order: 1. We knew little about his plan. 2. The customer not only complained about the food, he also refused to pay for it. 3. The plane had hardly landed when the people ran towards it. Not only did the customer complain about the food, he also refused to pay for it. Hardly had the plane landed when the people ran towards it. Little did we know about his plan.

19. 4. so… that, such… that 句型中 so, such 位于句首. 1.Time was so limited that we had to fight to arrive there. So limited was time that we had to… 2. She is such a kind girl that she can help you out of the trouble. Such a kind girl is she that she can help you out of the trouble.

20. 5. adj./n./ v. + as /though 尽管 … (1) Old as/ though the man is, he looks as if he were still young. (2) Child as/ though he is, he is so tall that he looks as if he were an adult. (3) Lose as I might, I’ll have a try. ______, he can’t explain all things in the universe. A As he is a scientist B As he is scientist C Scientist as he is D A scientist as he is 单数可数名词作表语提前不用冠词

21. 6. Only+ 状语（从句）开头， Only when the teacher comes can you solve the problem. Only you can solve the problem. You can solve the problem in../when... Only in this way can you solve the problem.

22. 7. 虚拟语气中的倒装句 1.If you had not lent Bob any money, nothing would have happened. 2. If I were you, I would try my fortune in Hollywood. 3. If it should rain tomorrow, I would play with you. Had you not lent Bob any money, …. Were I you, … Should it rain tomorrow, …

23. 8. 表祝愿 May you succeed. Long live friendship.

24. 1 _____the plane. A Down flying B Down was flying C Down flew D Flew down 2 Under a big tree ____, half asleep. A did sat a fat man B a fat man sat C did a fat man sat D sat a fat man Exercises

25. 3. She plays the piano very well. ________. A So every one of us does B Every one of us does C So does every one of us D So do every one of us 4. Never _____ such a wonderful place as Hangzhou. A are hanging B had I seen C I have seen D have I seen

26. 5. Not only ____a promise, but also he kept it. A has he made B does he make C he made D did he make 6. Not until he got off the bus _____that he had got his wallet stolen. A he found B did he find C he had found D had he found 7. Only in this way _____progress in your English. A you make B can you make C you be able to make D will you able to make

27. 8. _____and caught the mouse. A Up the cat jumped B The cat up jumped C Up jumped the cat D Jumped up the cat 9. ---Where is your father? ---Oh,_______. A here he comes B he here comes C here does he come D here comes he

28. 10. At the foot of the mountain_____. A lie a beautiful lake B does a beautiful lake lie C lies a beautiful lake D do a beautiful lake lie 11. At no time ___ his personal interest first. A should a communist place B. a communist should place C a communist place D does a communist place

29. 4. Never has he given a present to me though he gave a lot (of presents) to his friends. 6. Only by practising it as much as as possible can you improve your English. 7. Never before have I read such an exciting report. 8. Not once did she miss a jump when she took part in the horse riding competition. Answers to Page 30

30. 1.Your chance to shine comes now. 2. He didn’t come again and he didn’t write to her, either. 3. He little realized how disappointed she was. 4. She had hardly arrived home when it began to rain heavily. 5. We can finish our task in time only in this way. Answers to Page 64

31. 10.____in which they had came to the island. A Nearby were two canoes B Nearby two canoes were C Were two canoes nearby D Two canoes nearby were 11. The door opened and there ____. A enters an old man B entered an old man C did an old man enter D an old man entered A B

32. 12. Little ___ when I took the trip and ___ did my brother. A have I known; so B had I know;neither C do I know; so D did I know; neither 13. Was it not ___ you arrived at his house __ you discovered that he was on holiday? A when; that B until; did C until; that D when;did D C

33. 14. Many a time __ to see me while __ in hospital. A did he come; was I B did he come; I was C he came; was I D he was; I was 15.Now and then ___ up to see what happened. A did he wake B he wake C he wakes D he did wake 16. She is not fond of cooking,____ I. A so am B nor am C neither do I D nor do 17. Early in the morning __ the news ____ the Chinese Team defeated the Japanese Team. A comes; what B. came; that C comes; that D came; what B A B B

34. 20. On the wall ______two large portraits. A are hanging B hanged C hang D hangs 21.Not once ______their plan. A did they change B they changed C changed they D they did changed 22. I finally got the job I dreamed about. Never in my life ____so happy! (NMET2000 春季 ) A.did I feel B.I felt C.I had felt D.had I felt C A D

35. 23.Little ___about his own safety,though he was in great danger himself.( 上海 1994) A. does he care B. did he care C. he cares D. he cared 24.Not only ___ polluted but __ crowded. ( 上海 1991) B C A. was the city;were the streets B.the city was;were the streets C.was the city;the streets were D.the city was;the streets were

36. 25.______ for the free tickets,I would not have gone to the films so often.( 上海 1995) A ． If it is not B.Were it not C.Had it not been D.If they were not 26.So ______ that no fish can live in it.( 上海 1992) A.the lake is shallow B.shallow the lake is C.shallow is the lake D.is the lake shallow 27. Not a single song ____at yesterday’s party.( 上海 2000) A she sang B sang she C did she sing C C C

37. 28.Hardly_______ when it began to rain. A had he arrived B arrived he C he had arrived D did he arrive 29.Mr. Smith promised to help me and____ the next day. A neither he did B so he did C neither did he D so did he A B

38. 30.Not until the bell rang____in. A do they come B came they C did they come D they came C

39. Some exercises 1.–It was really a success. -- ________. A So was it B So it was C Was it so D It was so 2. Where do you think_____________? A did they get the car B they got the car C they had got the car D had they got the car 3. On the stairs ________. A sitting a small girl B was a small girl sitting C was sitting a small girl D a small girl was sitting B B C

40. 4. Not only ____ about the food, he also refused to pay for it. A the customer complained B when the customer complained C did the customer complain D the customer did complain 5. If Bob’s wife doesn’t agree to sign the papers, ____. A neither he will B neither won’t be C neither will he D he won’t neither C C

41. 6. Only if he helps us _______. A we may succeed B we succeeded C can we succeed D we can succeed 7. Mrs. Jones does not like shopping, ________. A and she does like gardening B nor she does like gardening C or does she like gardening D nor does she like gardening 8. ______from the tenth floor when the policeman pointed his gun at him. A Jumped down the thief B Down the thief jumped C The thief jumped down D Down jumped the thief C D D

42. 9. ______ than they started to work. A No sooner they had got to the plant B No sooner had they got to the plant C As soon as they had got to the plant D When they had got to the plant 10. Hardly ____ the people ran toward it. A had the plane landed when B had the plane landed than C the plane had landed when D the plane was landing than 11._______, I would give it up early. A Was I in your place B I was in your place C Were I in your place D I were in your place B A C

43. Tommy is lovely. So it is. It was sunny yesterday. So it was. … 确实 …

44. 1 、在以 so, nor, neither 开头的句子里。 A fish can swim and so I. We have had breakfast and so they. I get up at seven and so my brother. He didn’t do it and neither I. The boy can’t skate and nor the girl. He didn’t smoke, nor he drink. can have does did can did