1. Who “governs” the following: F Cross-border Internet commerce F Ocean floor magnesium nodes F Sea of Tranquility F Microsoft’s copyright Windows XP in China F Mineral deposits in Antarctica F Greenhouse gases emissions F Geo-synchronous satellites F International airline routes F Dolphins killed in tuna nets

2. Tuna Fish

3. Country A Country B No Policy Trade/Investment Linkages Management Linkages International “Soft Law”NGOs

4. Regime F “...a set of implicit or explicit principles, rules, norms, and decision-making procedures around which actor expectations converge in a given area of international relations.” (Krasner, 1983)

5. Regimes and Behavior F Persistent patterns of behavior F Set of governing arrangements for behavior F Institutions structuralize, legitimize, enforce, administrate behavior

6. Characteristics of Regimes F Scope F Scope: range of business and economic activity F Purpose F Purpose: objectives of the regime F Organizational form F Organizational form: institutional form, membership, secretariat, charter, etc. F Decision and allocation modes F Decision and allocation modes: treaty, membership voting, etc. F Strength F Strength: effectiveness, enforcement, monitoring, reporting, etc.

7. Common Regimes LooseStructured Traffic:Keep to rightTraffic Laws Warfare:Do not attack hospitals, schools Geneva Convention Baseball:Pitchers tip hat after hitting batter MLB Rules F/X:Gold “standard”, floating rates Fixed rates, Bretton Woods Foreign Trade: Non-discrimination, free trade MFN status, WTO FDI:Pay living wage,??

8. Foundations for Regimes F Self interest F Culture F Power F Sovereignty F Interdependence F Knowledge F Crisis

9. Global/Comprehensive Regimes F United Nations

10. Functional Regimes: Military - Security F Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty F NATO F Geneva Convention F Warsaw Pact (defunct)

11. Regional/Associative Regimes F European Union F NAFTA F ASEAN F OECD

12. Law of the Sea Negotiations F Early: –Outside territorial waters, anything goes u Piracy u Pollution u Over-fishing u Access and shipping lines u Exploration and extraction of resources (oil, manganese, etc.)

13. Law of the Sea Negotiations F Post-1967: –U.N. proclamation rendering international waters as “a heritage of mankind … transnational public good” u No Piracy u Limits on Pollution u Fishing Agreements u Rules on access and shipping lines u Equity in natural resources (oil, manganese, etc.)

14. Functional Regimes: Environmental F Montreal Protocol for Greenhouse Gases F Law of the Sea Treaty F Moon Treaty F Antarctica Treaty F UN-based Consumer Protection Guidelines

15. Functional Regimes: Economic F Air transport F Ocean shipping F Telecommunications F GATT / WTO F IMF F Gold standard (defunct)

16. Future Regimes F Internet commerce? F Animal rights? F Human rights?

17. Non-Governmental Organizations F Common NGOs: –International Olympic Committee –Greenpeace –United Auto Workers Union –World Council of Churches –Save the Dolphins Organization –National Rifle Association –Amnesty International