1. Passive Modulating Retroreflector (PMR) Industrial Affiliates Senior Design Presentation Rigel Woida -- Principle Investigator Nicholas Trail -- Chief Engineer Kelleher Guerin -- Electro-Mechanical Engineer Adam Little -- Opto-Mechanical Engineer / Marketing Manager Erik Arend -- Optical Engineer February 28, 2007 http://classes.engr.arizona.edu/engr498a/2006/pmr/

2. Industrial Affiliates Presentation February 28, 2007 A Passive Modulating Retroreflector (PMR) is an optical system that returns an external signal back to the originating source, encoding data within the signal. What is a PMR?... Fills in a military deficiency for Real Time War Theater Communication Research Phase for Prototyping and technology development

3. Industrial Affiliates Presentation February 28, 2007 PMR System – War Theater War Fighter Physiological Status Monitor (WPSM) Basic Science Functional Testable

4. Industrial Affiliates Presentation February 28, 2007 Overview of the Four Main Components Retroreflector  Returns incident light Modulator  Encodes Data Source and Detector  Generates and receives signal Hardware and Software Interface  Controls system and analyzes data Basic Science Functional Testable

5. Industrial Affiliates Presentation February 28, 2007 Modulator Component Modulation is the process of varying a carrier signal in order to use that signal to convey information. Amplitude Modulation Scheme operating in the Kilohertz range  Sacrifice Speed for cost and efficiency Goals  Maximize (SNR) Signal-to-Noise Ratio  Meet Speed Requirement  Various Pictorial Representation of Idealized Modulator ( White = “ON” state; Black = “OFF” state ) Basic Science Functional Testable

6. Industrial Affiliates Presentation February 28, 2007 Retroreflector Optical element which reflects signal back to its source regardless of the angle of incidence Testing up to 25 degrees off-axis for system operation Examining Possible Choices  Conventional Corner-Cube  Spherical Retroreflector(s)  Micro-array Spherical Retroreflector Corner-Cube Schematic Basic Science Functional Testable

7. Industrial Affiliates Presentation February 28, 2007 Signal Source / detector Light Source  Preliminary experiments with HeNe Laser (632 nm)  ~ 5 mW in close range operation  Single Frequency, Gaussian Beam Profile Detector  Comparable response time to modulator speed  Optimized for desired wavelength  High Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) Basic Science Functional Testable

8. Industrial Affiliates Presentation February 28, 2007 Testing Layout Layout: DC Supply Function Generator Oscilloscope Detector Beam Splitter HeNe Laser Source Modulator Retro Reflector Optical Table Basic Science Functional Testable

9. Industrial Affiliates Presentation February 28, 2007 Goals of PMR Research Fabricate and test a prototype system of the PMR technology Research materials to meet project requirements Proof-of-Concept project Stay within specified budget PMR Basic basic function of the unit Science basic interaction with environment Functional sub –components used for verification Testable design specification and testable goals of the project. Level 1 Level 4 Level 3 Level 2 Increasing Detail Level

10. Industrial Affiliates Presentation February 28, 2007 Future Concept Can you see my friend?

11. Industrial Affiliates Presentation February 28, 2007 Future Concept How about now !

12. Industrial Affiliates Presentation February 28, 2007 Thank You! Any Questions… Or Job Offers…