1. Biology I Parts of a Cell

2. Engage: Warm Up 1.List as many organs as you can think of in your body. 2.Make a list of DIFFERENCES that you see between these two cells.

3. Review Warm Up BrainNucleusCommand center/brain of cell controls all activities. StomachVacuoleStores water and waste for the cell. MusclesRibosomeProtein synthesis or “factory” HeartMitochondriaCellular Respiration site. Makes energy for cell. SkinCell membrane Controls what goes in and out of cell. Maintains homeostasis for the cell. Get ready for “Cell Organelle Notes”

4. Organelles Organelle means “little organ” Each organelle has a specific job (function) All of them must work together to keep the cell alive What is an organelle?

5. A Cell is Like a City!

6. Prokaryotic Cells (AKA “Simple” Cells) Fewer Parts…

7. Cell Wall Surrounds the cell Provides structure and protection

8. Plasma Membrane (cell membrane) Surrounds cell (like a city wall with gates) Controls what goes in and out of cell Outside

9. Cytoplasm Contains organelles (where everything takes place) Jelly-like substance Outside

10. DNA Contains genetic information Found in cytoplasm. Not bound by anything.

11. Ribosomes Make proteins (like builders and workers) Can be floating in cytoplasm or attached to the rough ER Outside

12. Phytoplankton Up Close Single Celled Marine Organisms Prokaryotic or Eukaryotic?

13. Phytoplankton Up Close Protoperidinium Pellucidum Microbes, like this single-celled marine phytoplankton, make up a staggering 90 percent of the ocean’s total biomass. Because such organisms are so difficult to observe in nature, much of the ocean’s microbial life remains a mystery to science. marine phytoplankton Prokaryotic or Eukaryotic?

14. Thalassionema This star-shaped colony of marine diatoms is called Thalassionema. Diatoms are single-celled algae and some of the most numerous photosynthetic “plants” in the oceans. Hundreds of diatoms can fit on the head of a pin, but these tiny organisms exist in countless numbers— enough to change seawater color during periodic population “blooms.” Prokaryotic or Eukaryotic?

15. Dinoflagellate A scanning electron microscope captured this pair of unicellular dinoflagellates in a drop of seawater found near the Opera House in Sydney, Australia. The microbes were later colorized to produce this image’s glowing, green hue. Scientists are just beginning to understand the impact such invisible organisms can have, for good or ill. Dinophysis species like these are associated with diarrhetic shellfish poisoning.scanning electron microscope Prokaryotic or Eukaryotic?

16. Eukaryotic Cells Eukaryotic cells have the same parts as prokaryotic cells… and more!

17. Eukaryotic Cells

18. Nucleus Nucleus: Control center (like City Hall) Contains DNA

19. Mitochondria Power supply for cell (like a generator) Provides energy by breaking down carbohydrates

20. Vacuole Stores water, food, and waste (like a water tower) small in animal cells LARGE in plant cells

21. Ribosomes Where protein synthesis happen in the cell. Typically recognized by small dots unless it’s a close up.

22. Cell Membrane Controls what goes in and out of the cell. Phospholipid bilayer is made up of 2 layers (hydrophobic and hydrophilic) Made mostly of lipids with some proteins.

23. Cytoplasm Filling inside the cell.

24. Plant Cell Cell wall Chloroplasts

25. Chloroplasts (plants only) Power supply for plant cells (like a power plant) Convert light energy into chemical energy Contain chlorophylls (which make them green!)

26. Cell Wall (plant cells and bacteria cells) Gives structure and support to cell Made of cellulose (a carbohydrate!)

27. Aquatic Organisms Classify By Cell Type Bay Grass 1.What type of cell is it made up of? 2.Name 2 organelles that are found in this organism’s cells that would not be found in animal cells.

28. Aquatic Organisms Classify By Cell Type Rock Fish 1.What type of cell is it made up of? 2.What is the outermost boundary of this fish’s cells?

29. Aquatic Organisms Classify By Cell Type Phytoplankton 1.What type of cell is it made up of? 2.How is the genetic information arranged in this organism?

30. Revisit Our Warm Up Can you think of what organelles are most like the following organs? BrainCommand center/brain of cell controls all activities. StomachStores water and waste for the cell. MusclesProtein synthesis or “factory” HeartCellular Respiration site. Makes energy for cell. SkinControls what goes in and out of cell. Maintains homeostasis for the cell. Nucleus Vacuole Ribosome Mitochondria Cell membrane

31. Evaluate Fill in a diagram to compare and contrast eukaryotes and prokaryotes. You may use your notes that you took during class. Only Prokaryotes Only Eukaryotes Both

32. Extension & Extra Slides Below (Organelles not tested on HSA)

33. Create flash cards of the cell parts One side = name and drawing (picture) Other side = function (what it does) Golgi Apparatus Packages, sorts and ships proteins

34. Prokaryotes make up bacteria. Compete for the biggest list including: 1. What are all the different places that you could find prokaryotes (bacteria)? 2. What are infections caused by prokaryotes (bacteria)?. 3. Give names of prokaryotes (bacteria)?

35. Endoplasmic Reticulum Network of membranes that transport proteins (like streets and highways) Rough ER- contains ribosomes to make proteins Smooth ER- no ribosomes, makes lipids

36. Nucleus & Nucleolus Nucleus: Control center (like City Hall) Contains DNA Nucleolus: Inside of nucleus Makes ribosomes

38. Cytoskeleton Gives shape to the cells (like support for buildings) Moves things around

39. Golgi Apparatus Packages, sorts and ships proteins (like a post office)