2.  What are the goals of science? ◦ To provide natural explanations for events in the natural world ◦ To use those explanations to understand patterns in nature ◦ To make useful predictions about natural events

3. Problem/Question  1. Problem/Question: Develop a question or problem that can be solved through experimentation.

4. Observation/Research  2. Observation/Research: Make observations and research your topic of interest.

5. Formulate a Hypothesis 3. Formulate a Hypothesis: Predict a possible answer to the problem or question. Example: If soil temperatures rise, then plant growth will increase.

6. Experiment 4. Experiment: Develop and follow a procedure. Include a detailed materials list. The outcome must be measurable (quantifiable).

7. Collect and Analyze Results 5. Collect and Analyze Results: Modify the procedure if needed. Confirm the results by retesting. Include tables, graphs, and photographs.

8. Conclusion 6. Conclusion: Include a statement that accepts or rejects the hypothesis. Make recommendations for further study and possible improvements to the procedure.

9.  The variable that is deliberately changed is called the independent variable (manipulated variable).  The variable that is observed and that changes in response to the independent variable is called the dependent variable (responding variable).

10.  A control group is exposed to the same conditions as the experimental group except for one independent variable.  Scientists set up several sets of control and experimental groups to try to reproduce or replicate their observations.

11.  It is the study of living things.  What characteristics do all living things share?

12.  All organisms store the complex information they need to live, grow, and reproduce in a genetic code written in a molecule called DNA.

13.  During development, a single fertilized egg divides again and again.  As these cells divide, they differentiate, which means they begin to look different from one another and to perform different functions

14.  A stimulus is a signal to which an organism response.

15.  Sexual reproduction- cells from two parents unite to form the first cell of a new organism.  Asexual reproduction- a single organism produces offspring identical to itself.

16.  All living organisms use energy to keep conditions inside their cells within certain limits. This process is called homeostasis.

18.  The combination of chemical reactions through which an organism builds up or breaks down materials is called metabolism.

19.  Cells can grow, respond to their surroundings and reproduce  Cells are complex and highly organized.

20.  Evolutionary change links all forms of life to a common origin more than 3.5 billion years ago.  Evidence is found in all aspects of living and fossil organisms, from physical features to structures of proteins to sequences of information in DNA.

22.  The study of biology revolves around several interlocking big ideas: ◦ Cellular basis of life ◦ Information and heredity (DNA) ◦ Matter and energy ◦ Growth, development, and reproduction ◦ Homeostasis ◦ Evolution ◦ Structure and function ◦ Unity and diversity of life ◦ Interdependence in nature ◦ Science as a way of knowing