1. Teacher Notes l This PPT was revised June 9, 2005. l It is an introduction to competition, predation and symbiosis to be used prior to Simply Symbiosis, Predator-Prey Activity, and Community Interactions. l The initial section of TEKS Simply Symbiosis has a place for brief notes on the PPT which could be used in regular biology as well.

2. Community Interactions Competition Predation Symbiosis

3. Competition l Organisms of the same or different species attempt to use the same ecological resource (food, water, space) in the same place at the same time

4. Competition l Two different butterfly species feeding on the same flowers l Two organisms want the same thing

5. Predation l Interaction in which one organism captures and feeds on another organism predator prey

6. Predation l Grizzlies prey upon salmon

7. Predation l Rabbit and Coyote rabbit coyote

8. Ultimate Predator? l Why is man sometimes called the “Ultimate Predator”?

9. Symbiosis l Any relationship in which two species live closely together is called symbiosis (“living together”) l Mutualism l Commensalism l Parasitism

10. Mutualism l Both organisms benefit l Examples: l Flowers and insects l Ants and aphids Biology, Prentice Hall www.bigfoto.com

11. Mutualism l Lichen l Algae and fungus living together

12. Commensalism l One member of the association benefits and the other is neither helped nor harmed. l Examples: Spanish moss

13. Commensalism l Whales & Barnacles (and lice)

14. Commensalism l Epiphytes “air plants” Biology, Prentice Hall

15. Parasitism l One benefits; one harmed l Examples: tapeworms inside mammals; fleas, ticks, and lice on mammals

16. Parasitism l Ticks l The parasite obtains all or part of its nutritional needs from the other organism, the host. Blacklegged Tick: An adult female blacklegged tick, engorged after a blood meal, rests on a leaf. Before After

17. Parasitism Mistletoe More than just a “kissing catalyst”

19. Works Cited l Whale barnacles - Christopher M. Callahan, Humboldt State University http://www.humboldt.edu/~cmc43/ectoparasites.html http://www.humboldt.edu/~cmc43/ectoparasites.html l Barnacles on Whale – Baja Jones Adventure Travel http://www.greywhale.com/photo.htm http://www.greywhale.com/photo.htm l Whale lice – Genny Anderson, Marine Science, Santa Barbara City College http://www.biosbcc.net/ocean/marinesci/05nekton/G Wsouth.htm http://www.biosbcc.net/ocean/marinesci/05nekton/G Wsouth.htm l Grizzly Bear – Mineral Management courtesy of GeekPhilosopher.com http://geekphilosopher.com/bkg/anGrizzlyBearFish.ht m

20. Works Cited l Artic Hare – U.S. Fish & Wildlife courtesy of GeekPhilosopher.com http://geekphilosopher.com/bkg/anArcticHare.htm l Coyote – National Park Service courtesy of GeekPhilosopher.com http://geekphilosopher.com/bkg/anCoyote.htm l Ground Squirrel – U.S. Fish & Wildlife courtesy of GeekPhilosopher.com http://geekphilosopher.com/bkg/anGroundSquirell.ht m

21. Works Cited l Falcon – Bureau of Land Management courtesy of GeekPhilosopher.com http://geekphilosopher.com/bkg/birdFalcon.htm l Tiger Swallowtail Butterfly - Bureau of Land Management courtesy of GeekPhilosopher.com http://geekphilosopher.com/bkg/butterflyTigerSwallow tail.htm l Karner Blue Butterfly - U.S. Fish & Wildlife courtesy of GeekPhilosopher.com http://geekphilosopher.com/bkg/butterflyKarnerBlue.h tm

22. Works Cited l Elk Herd – Bureau of Land Management courtesy of GeekPhilosopher.com http://geekphilosopher.com/bkg/anElkHerd.htm l Moose - EPA courtesy of GeekPhilosopher.com http://geekphilosopher.com/bkg/anMoose.htm l Bison - USDA courtesy of GeekPhilosopher.com http://geekphilosopher.com/bkg/anBuffalo4.htm l Bee on Purple Flower – BigFoto.com http://www.bigfoto.com/themes/nature/flowers/flower- bee-8j6.jpg

23. Works Cited l Spanish Moss – J.S. Peterson @ USDA-NRCS PLANTS Database, USDA-NRCS. 2005. The PLANTS Database (http://plants.usda.gov). National Plant Data Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70874-4490 USA http://plants.usda.gov/cgi_bin/topics.cgi?earl=plant_p rofile.cgi&symbol=TIUS&photoID=tius_001_ahp.jpg l Black Legged Tick – Scott Bauer, USDA courtesy of Junglewalk.com. http://www.junglewalk.com/frames.asp l Mistletoe – US Forest Service http://www.fs.fed.us/r6/rogue/swofidsc/dmistletoe/dmi stletoe.html