1. Bellringer: Do you think Our world would be as advanced today, without the use of Slavery?

2. Ch. 6-2 Africa in the Age of Transition
The Age of Exploration
Ch. 6-2 Africa in the Age of Transition

3. The Slave trade
In the 15th Century the market for African slaves was Southwest Asia.
Used as domestic servants
The demand for slaves rose dramatically with the discovery of the Americas.
Due to the planting of sugar cane

4. Sugar cane
Cane sugar was introduced to Europe for Asia during the Middle Ages.
During the 16th Century, Plantations (large agricultural estates) were set up along the coast of Brazil.
Growing cane sugar requires much labor.
Native American population to small to provide needed labor.
African Slaves shipped to Brazil and the Caribbean to work on the Plantations.

5. Sugar cane

6. Growth of the Slave Trade
1518 – Spanish ship carried first boatload of African slaves to the America’s in 1518.
The trade grew tremendously in the next two centuries.
Becomes part of the New World economy’s Triangular Trade.

7. Triangular Trade
The Pattern of the Triangular Trade connected Europe, Africa, and Asia, and the American Continents.
European merchants carried goods (guns, cloth) to Africa where they traded for slaves.
Slaves were shipped to and sold in the Americas.
European Merchants then bought tobacco, molasses, sugar, and cotton for sale in Europe.

8. Triangular trade

9. The Slave trade
275,000 African slaves were exported during the 16th Century.
Over 1 million were shipped in the 17th Century, and 6 million in the 18th Century.
Ten million slaves were shipped from Africa to the Americas.

10. Middle passage Main reason for high numbers was the death rate.
Middle Passage: the journey of slaves from Africa to the Americas
The middle portion of the triangular trade route.

11. The middle passage

12. The middle passage

13. Death rates Many slaves died on the Journey.
Death rates higher for newly arrived slaves than those born in the Americas.
Slaves had little or no immunity to diseases

14. Sources of slaves
Before the 15th Century , most slaves in Africa were prisoners of war.
Europeans bought slaves from African merchants in return for:
Guns, Gold, or other European goods.

15. African rulers become concerned….
King Afonso of Congo sent letter to the king of Portugal 1526 stating:
“So great is the corruption that our country is being completely depopulated.
These protests were ignored, and many local rulers profited from the slave trade.
**Some rulers sent raiders into helpless villages in search of victims**

16. Effects of the slave trade
Depopulated areas .
Deprived African Communities of their youngest and strongest men and women.
Increased local warfare
Traders and rulers competed with each other and raided neighbors for slaves.

17. “ From us they have learned strife, quarreling, drunkenness, trickery, theft, unbridled desire for what is not one’s own, misdeeds unknown to them before, and the accursed lust for gold”
Dutch Slave Trader

18. Political and social structures
European influences did not extend beyond slave trade in the coastal regions.
Exceptions are South Africa & Mozambique
Traditional African Political Systems continued
Monarchy common by the Sixteenth Century
Highly Centralized
King regarded as almost divine

19. Foreign influences
African religious life was influenced by foreigners.
The main impact was from Islam.
Dominant in North Africa and spread southward into the states of West Africa.
Christianity was established only in South Africa and Ethiopa.

20. Map Quiz Get out a blank sheet of paper and number to fifteen.
Word Bank
North America
South America
Australia
Asia
Europe
Africa
Antarctica
Atlantic Ocean
Pacific Ocean
Arctic Ocean
Indian Ocean
Arabian Peninsula
Mediterranean
Sea
Caribbean Sea
Gulf of Mexico