1. One in 31 The Long Reach of American Corrections Adam Gelb, Director Public Safety Performance Project Pew Center on the States National Partnership on Alcohol Misuse and Crime November 10, 2009

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11. 10 Window of Opportunity for a New Approach Advances in Science of Behavior Change, Supervision Technology – Cognitive-Behavioral Treatment, Motivational Interviewing – Third generation risk assessment tools – Accurate, on site, rapid-result drug screens, GPS, alcohol monitoring Public Attention Elsewhere, Supportive of Alternatives – Crime/drugs low on public radar amidst economy, health care, wars – Polls regularly show 70% (+/-) support concept of “alternatives” for “non-violent” Trend toward Managing for Results – Shift in focus from inputs/outputs to outcomes across government Fiscal Crisis – State corrections spending now over $50B per year – Second fastest growing state budget category behind Medicaid – 1 in 15 general fund dollars; 5 states spending more on prisons than higher ed Diminishing Returns on Public Safety – Growing evidence and recognition that we can’t “build our way out”

12. 11 Source: Vera Institute of Justice

13. 12 Cost Cutting Strategies in Corrections 1.Operating Efficiencies 2.Recidivism Reduction Strategies 3.Sentencing and Release Policies

14. 13 Cutting Corrections Costs Operating Efficiencies 1.Reduce Health Services (medical, mental, dental) 2.Reduce Food Services 3.Eliminate Pay Increases, Reduce Benefits/Overtime 4.Reduce Staff or Freeze Hiring 5.Eliminate/Reduce Programs or Renegotiate Contracts 6.Close/Consolidate Facilities 7.Delay Expansion or Construction of New Facilities

15. 14 Cutting Corrections Costs Recidivism Reduction Strategies 1.Sort Offenders by Risk to Public Safety 2.Base Interventions on Science 3.Harness Technology 4.Impose Swift and Certain Sanctions 5.Create Incentives for Success 6.Measure Progress

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18. 17 Cutting Corrections Costs Sentencing and Release Policies 1.Redefine Criminal Offenses 2.Reclassify Criminal Offenses 3.Expand Eligibility for Community Corrections 4.Strengthen Non-Prison Alternatives/Reentry 5.Relax Mandatory Minimum Sentences 6.Reduce Time-to-Serve Requirements 7.Establish Sentencing Information Systems/Guidelines

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20. 19 Cutting Corrections Costs Take Away Efficiencies Are Necessary But Not Sufficient

21. One in 31 The Long Reach of American Corrections Adam Gelb, Director Public Safety Performance Project Pew Center on the States National Partnership on Alcohol Misuse and Crime November 10, 2009