1. Carrying on from yesterday
Sharing your state position statements… You are representatives from the state of Maine & Missouri. You are meeting to discuss the issue of slavery and to elect 2 senators to represent your state’s views in Congress. Meet with your fellow state representatives: Elect 2 senators to go to Congress Share your position statements with one another and decide how best to present your argument on slave v. free states (try to anticipate what the other state will say) In a few moments, the 2 senators from each state will engage in a “Yeah, but…” debate on the issue.

2. Why are Jefferson’s words “prophetic”?
“This momentous question, like a firebell in the night, awakened and filled me with terror. I considered it at once as the knell of the Union. It is hushed, indeed, for the moment. But this is a reprieve only, not a final sentence.”
-Thomas Jefferson in a letter to John Holmes, April 22, 1820

3. Agenda Thursday, March 12th Do-Now Homework Meet with a partner.
Quickly brainstorm, discuss, and record your ideas:
* What is “foreign policy”?
* How does foreign policy vary from one president to another?
* Provide an example of different foreign policies from different presidents.
Agenda
Do-Now
Notes and discussion on Nationalism, Foreign Policy, and the Monroe Doctrine
M.Doctrine Cartoon WS
Homework
Monroe Doctrine cartoon worksheet
Review for your quiz tomorrow

4. What is “foreign policy”
What is “foreign policy”? A government’s stance on international relations. A set of goals which determine how a government will deal with foreign countries. Ex. Treaties, trading, alliances, etc. How does foreign policy vary from president to president? Presidents vary widely on their foreign policy views based on circumstances, past experience, etc. What is an example of foreign policy?

5. What is Foreign Policy?
A government’s stance on international relations
Different presidents vary widely on their foreign policy views
EXAMPLE:
Two responses to the same issue:
Jefferson’s 1807 embargo
(a very “hands off” policy)
vs.
Madison declares war on GB
(a very direct, engaging policy)

6. Nationalism Shapes Foreign Policy And Monroe Draws a Line in the Sand
The Monroe Doctrine
Nationalism Shapes Foreign Policy
And Monroe Draws a Line in the Sand

7. President James Monroe
, two terms Democratic-Republican, VA
“Era of Good Feelings”
false term, many problems in the US after the war
well-chosen cabinet of advisors
Rules over a period of Nationalism
Focused on unifying & improving United States as a whole
remembered for “The Monroe Doctrine”
Declared that America was no longer open to European gains

8. President James Monroe
Road to the Presidency
Member of the Virginia Governor’s Council (1782)
Representative to the Continental Congress (1783)
United States Senator (1790)
Ambassador to France (1794)
Governor of Virginia (1799)
Negotiator for the purchase of Louisiana (1803)
Ambassador to Britain(1803)
Secretary of State (1811)
President (1816)
What could you say about Monroe based on his prior experience?

9. Essential Questions Think about it…
What circumstances lead to the Monroe Doctrine?
What was its main point?
What contributions were made to American foreign policy during Monroe’s terms as president?
How did John Quincy Adams and Thomas Jefferson contribute to the Monroe Doctrine?

10. Secretary of State John Quincy Adams
One of Monroe’s many well-qualified cabinet advisors
Son of a president
Presidential ambitions of his own
Nationalist Priorities under Monroe:
Security of the American nation
Expansion of its territory
Established foreign policy guided by:
Nationalism, the belief that national interests should be placed ahead of regional concerns or the interests of other countries.

11. EXAMPLES OF ADAMS NATIONALISM:
Convention of 1818
US-GB relations
Fixed US border at the 49th parallel up to the Rocky Mountains
Rush-Bagot Treaty (1817)
Friendship between Canada & USA
Demilitarized their common border
Reduced military vessels on the Great Lakes

12. 49th Parallel & Friendship on the Great Lakes

13. Monument Reads:
Peace through limitation of naval armament promoted between the dominion of Canada and the United States of America by the signing of the Rush-Bagot Agreement April 28 and 29, Promoting for the restriction of naval forces on the Great Lakes. This notable agreement was negotiated on behalf of Canada in the British legation which stood on this site
(Canada didn't become self-governing until 1867) .

14. EXAMPLES OF ADAMS NATIONALISM:
The Oregon Territory
Negotiated joint occupation of Oregon Territory (land west of the Rockies) with GB for 10 years
Spain gave up its claims to Oregon in the Adams-Onis Treaty

15. Sharing Oregon Territory for 10 Years

16. EXAMPLES OF ADAMS NATIONALISM: Adams-Onis Treaty (1823)
Most Americans believed Spanish Florida would eventually become part of the US
In 1819, Spain was too weak to police its Florida Territory:
ceded Spanish Florida to the US
gave up Spanish claims to the Oregon Territory (leaving them to GB and US)

17. Spanish Give Up Claims to Florida & Oregon

18. Circumstances Leading to The Monroe Doctrine…
Why would president Monroe need to threaten the rest of the world?
(Clue: think about U.S. Nationalist goals)
Why would so boldly defend against colonization of Latin America?

19. Spain & Portugal had recently defeated Napoleon
Answer: International Interest in the Americas SPAIN & PORTUGAL’S LATIN AMERICAN COLONIES
Spain & Portugal had recently defeated Napoleon
Now they wanted to reclaim former colonies in Latin America

20. International Interest in the Americas SPAIN & PORTUGAL’S LATIN AMERICAN COLONIES

21. Russia had been in Alaska since 1784
Answer: International Interest in the Americas RUSSIA PUSHING IN FROM NORTHWEST
Russia had been in Alaska since 1784
Started to set up trading posts in present day California

22. The Monroe Doctrine CAUSES:
INTERNATIONAL INTEREST IN THE AMERICAS
Problems with Russia in the northern Pacific coast
European nations seemed likely to attempt to seize recently independent Latin American states
President James Monroe announced a new national policy:
NO new colonies would be allowed in the Americas, and European powers were not to interfere in the affairs of the Western Hemisphere.

23. THE MONROE DOCTRINE December 1823
Considered “Monroe’s Greatest Moment”
The US is no longer open to European gains!
Actually written by John Quincy Adams
Cartoon Reads:
Special Notice! All guests are welcome but they must not bring their guns!

24. THE MONROE DOCTRINE December 1823
The US will not permit the following acts by foreign powers:
Interfering with affairs in the Western Hemisphere
Attempts to create new colonies in the Western Hemisphere
Any move to overthrow newly independent republics
And will consider these acts “Dangerous to our peace and safety.”

25. THE MONROE DOCTRINE
Depicts a discussion among the president & members of his cabinet;
Left to right are President James Monroe, Secretary of State John Quincy Adams, Attorney General William Wirt, Secretary of War John Calhoun, and Secretary of the Navy Samuel L. Southard

26. How is Monroe depicted in this cartoon?
THE MONROE DOCTRINE
How is Monroe depicted in this cartoon?

27. Monroe’s Finest Moment
THE MONROE DOCTRINE
Monroe’s Finest Moment

28. President James Monroe with his cabinet as he outlines the Monroe Doctrine, a new direction in U. S. foreign policy that demonstrated American determination and power in the hemisphere. THE LIBRARY OF CONGRESS

29. Check your understanding…
How were the Monroe Doctrine and these other instances of foreign policy examples of Nationalism?
How were they examples of expansionism?