1. Professor OKAMURA Laboratory. Othman Othman M.M. 1

2. Outline: 1. Goal. 2. Current Technologies. 3. Anycast Scenario 4. BitTorrent (P2P) Scenario. 5. Advantages of Combining Technologies. 6. How to Combine Technologies. 7. Implementation. 8. Conclusion. 9. Q&A. 2

3. 1-Goal: Nowadays many Future Internet researches, technologies going. OpenFlow is one of candidate Future Internet technologies. to create Circuit based like systems. To support mobility, computing centers …… Important to show new ways to use OpenFlow to provide new services or improve current ones. Important to show new ways to use OpenFlow to provide new services or improve current ones. That make use of OpenFlow capabilities other than circuit like. That make use of OpenFlow capabilities other than circuit like. To have contents with high availability. To have contents with high availability. 3

4. 2-Current Technologies: Anycast: Multiple nodes with the same address (Sa). Packet sent to (Sa) will be delivered to the node with nearest location. 4 Peer to Peer: clients to provide service Depends on user clients to provide service. application layer overlay Implements an application layer overlay network. Fig 2. BitTorrent Source :http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Torrentcomp_small.gif Sa Fig 1. Anycast

5. 3-Anycast Scenario: 5 10.10.10.1 Cont 1 Cont 2 Cont 3 Cont n Cont 1 Cont 2 Cont 3 Cont n Cont 1 Cont 2 Cont 3 Cont n 10.10.10.1 Client will send packet to 10.10.10..1 Network will choose end node based on routing measures

6. 4-BitTorrent (P2P) Scenario: 6 Tracker 100% Seeder 100% Seeder 70% 30% 0%

7. 5-Advantages of Combining Technologies 1/3 : Anycast. Content Centric Networks. Peer to Peer. Combination of those technologies: Users contributing in service: to improve the availability, and improves the overall use of bandwidth in whole network. Regular Client/Server User contribution In Content Anycasting

8. 5-Advantages of Combining Technologies 2/3 : Anycast. Content Centric Networks. Peer to Peer. Combination of those technologies: Choosing destination by network: to remove the burden of finding destination and thus a faster response. Tracker Tracker Role in BitTorrent Choosing Destination By Network In Content Anycasting Content Server OpenFlow Router

9. 5-Advantages of Combining Technologies 3/3 : Anycast. Content Centric Networks. Peer to Peer. Combination of those technologies: Content ID: to have more flexibility down to the level of contents rather than the node level. Using Content ID In Content Anycasting Content Server Decision based on: IP address. Content ID. Decision based on: IP address. Content ID. Regular Content Server Decision based on: IP address. sometimes port# Decision based on: IP address. sometimes port# OpenFlow Router

10. 6-How to Combine Technologies: Content anycasting does its rule by using: OpenFlow for the process of choosing the destination, along with the aid of the content server. A new procedure for requesting content is introduced to enable the clients to get the contents. 10 Content Server Client A Anycast Manager Client B Su Au Bu Get Content ID? Content ID = X To: Su Cont id=X To: Au Cont id=X Redirection Req. Threshold reached Redirection OpenFlow Router

11. 7- Implementation: Currently building redirection system, modified content server, modified clients and using the reference OpenFlow implementation. increase in number of clients getting servedcommunication costresponse time Aiming to measure: increase in number of clients getting served, communication cost, response time and others. comparing those values to other solutions like regular client/server model. 11 Content Anycasting Anycast Manager OpenFlow Router Regular Client/ Server Compare

12. 8- Conclusion: New mechanism for requesting content is designed to enable content anycasting. Make use of content id. Requesting the content id. Using the content id in the process of getting the content. A new transport protocol is designed (modification to TCP) to be used. Added some fields in the header. 12

13. 8- Q&A: Thank you for listening. 13

14. Backup: 14

15. 3-Limitations of Current Technologies: Anycast: All of the content servers must have identical contents. Lacks the flexibility, and not dynamic. 15 Peer to Peer: Overhead because of overlay nature, protocol, peer discovery, and looking up in index. Service depends on user’s contribution. 10.10.10.1 192.168.0.2 192.168.0.1 Router 1 Router 2 Router 3 Router 4 Destination Next-Hop Distance 192.168.0.0 127.0.0.1 0 10.0.0.1 192.168.0.1 1 10.0.0.1 192.168.0.2 2 Cont 1 Cont 2 Cont 3 Cont n Cont 1 Cont 2 Cont 3 Cont n Fig 2. BitTorrent Source : http://computer.howstuffworks. com/bittorrent2.htm

16. 4-Advantages of Combining Technologies: Advantages of Anycast: Fast and does not require any effort of the users, because choosing destination (decision making) is done in the network. 16 Advantages of Peer to Peer: High availability of popular contents, due to users’ contribution in providing service. Combination of those technologies: Choosing destination by network: to remove the burden of finding destination and thus a faster response. Users contributing in service: to improve the availability, and improves the overall use of bandwidth in whole network (reduce bandwidth used by server). Content ID: to have more flexibility down to the level of contents rather than the node level. Content Centric Network: Treats contents as a primitive not the connection.

17. 8- Usage Scenario: Content Server Client A Anycast Manager Client B 1 2 3 10.10.10.1 192.168.10.1 192.168.20.1 if Destination IP: 10.10.10.1 & Content id: 12345 Change : Destination IP: 192.168.10.1 17

18. 8- Usage Scenario: This figure shows the first phase of the content request. Step 1: client B requests the content id. Step 2: server sends the content id to the client B. Content Server Client A Anycast Manager Client B 1 2 10.10.10.1 192.168.20.1 192.168.10.1 Content id: 12345 18

19. 8- Usage Scenario: Content Server Client A Anycast Manager Client B 1 2 3 Destination IP: 192.168.10.1 Content id: 12345 10.10.10.1 192.168.10.1 192.168.20.1 Destination IP: 10.10.10.1 Content id: 12345 19

20. 9- OpenFlow Overview: Separates routing decision making (in controller) and the forwarding (in the switch or router). Matching in the switch or router is done according to Layer 2, 3 and VLAN headers. Figure 1: OpenFlow switch (ref: Nick McKeown et al, “OpenFlow: enabling innovation in campus networks”) 20

21. 9- OpenFlow Overview: OpenFlow relies on the Flow-table, which is contains: Header fields are the ones the incoming packet is matched against: The actions can be : forwarding the packet to physical port, enqueue the packet in a physical port’s queue, dropping the packet or modifying incoming packet’s header fields Figure 2 Figure 1 21