1. Crisis and Emergency Risk Communication

2. Learning Objectives Be able to –Describe the components of a risk perception –Describe what makes a risk/fear message successful

3. Why Risk? Risk Perception Emotions Processing of information Decisions Behaviors Emotions Processing of information Decisions Behaviors

4. Factors that Influence Risk Perceptions Risk Perception Control FamiliarityUncertainty Personal Stake Benefits Many more…

5. Risk Perception (Witte, 1992) Risk Perception Severity Susceptibility

6. Risk Perception (Sandman, 1993) Risk Perception HazardOutrage Severity and Susceptibility

8. Risk Perception (Sandman, 1993)

9. Efficacy Self Response Coping

10. Risk Perception and Attitude Framework (Rimal & Real, 2003) Risk Perception Self-Efficacy AvoidanceResponsive IndifferenceProactive

11. Risk Communication: EPPM (Witte, 1992) Message Risk Efficacy Perceived Risk Perceived Efficacy Protection Motivation Defensive Motivation Message Acceptance Message Rejection No Threat = No response Fear (Danger Control) (Fear Control) ExternalMessage ProcessingOutcomesProcess

17. Risk v. Crisis (Reynolds & Seeger, 2005) Risk About unknown Persuasion Routine Sender/message centered Long-term Technical expert Controlled/Structured Crisis About current state Informative Nonroutine Receiver/Situation Short term Authority figure Spontaneous/Reactive

18. Crisis Communication (Seeger, 2006)

19. CERC Pre-crisisInitial EventMaintenanceResolutionEvaluation

20. “Plan” for a crisis. Conclusion