1. 3rd International Congress «Astana Mining & Metallurgy» 4-6 July 2012 Astana - KAZAKISTAN Abdulkerim YÖRÜKOĞLU, PhD. General Directorate of Mineral Research and Exploration 1

2. 3rd International Congress «Astana Mining & Metallurgy» 4-6 July 2012 Astana - KAZAKISTAN 3rd International Congress «Astana Mining & Metallurgy» 4-6 July 2012 Astana - KAZAKİSTAN  Mining is one of a leading sector for development that countries cannot afford to neglect it Introduction :   Mining, as a way of investment, provides the highest added value and industry per unit capital, and more employment when compared to other sector..  the products and equipments used by all industries directly or indirectly needs minerals.

3. 3rd International Congress «Astana Mining & Metallurgy» 4-6 July 2012 Astana - KAZAKISTAN 3rd International Congress «Astana Mining & Metallurgy» 4-6 July 2012 Astana - KAZAKİSTAN  Minerals are the most important input for ceramic, metalurgy, glass, refracter industries and building sector, as well as filling materials, natural paints, filters, abrasives, precious stones, drilling mud, fertilizers, electronic and chemistry industries.  Raw materials for iron-steel industry are iron ore and coal, and 75-80% of the raw materials of energy which are minerals are coal, petroleum, natural gas and uranium.  90% of the raw materials for agriculture are derived from minerals. Introduction : 3 Mining products in a car MetalsOre 1018 kg iron and steel2250 kg of iron ore 12 kg copper1180 kg copper ore 11 kg lead435 kg lead ore 8 kg zinc327 kg zinc ore 232 kg Rubber & plastic445 kg crude oil 39 kg glass77 kg sand 63 kg aluminum254 kg bauxite 45 kg other113 kg mixed material Total: 1428 kgTotal: 5080 kg Minerals how much is consumed to produce a car?

4. 3rd International Congress «Astana Mining & Metallurgy» 4-6 July 2012 Astana - KAZAKISTAN 4 Metal Prices

5. 3rd International Congress «Astana Mining & Metallurgy» 4-6 July 2012 Astana - KAZAKISTAN Mineral prospecting is getting more important with the intention of supplying the raw material By the means of mineral deposit diversity those enough for big percentage of country’s raw material demand ; Turkey is one of the most important countries of the world. Low grade mineral deposits with technological problem have been considering as economic.Turkey has 0.4 % of world reserves of metal, 2.2 % reserves of industrial raw materials, 1% of reserves of coal and 0.8 % of geothermal potential. Amount of prospecting drilling increased from 150 meter/year to 1 million meter in last 5 year. Lignate:5 billion ton Gold :700 ton Copper: 500.000 ton About natural resources; Turkey is 28th of 132 Countries by the means of total production value and at 10th place about number of mineral diversity. Due to Increasing of Raw Material Prices MINING PERCENTAGE OF GNP % 9 * * (INCLUDING GLASS, CERAMICS, CEMENT, IRON-STEAL PRODUCTS) MINING PERCENTAGE OF GNP % 9 * * (INCLUDING GLASS, CERAMICS, CEMENT, IRON-STEAL PRODUCTS) Mineral products produced approximately 150 million tons a year in Turkey are used in bulding industry and as a raw material in other industries providing $10-12 billion a year as added value. Minerals such as Boron, Chrom, selestite, manyezit, barite, marble, pomza, feldspar are considerably exported whereas coal, which is produced approximately 85 million tons a year and are consumed mostly by thermal power plants in Turkey.

6. 3rd International Congress «Astana Mining & Metallurgy» 4-6 July 2012 Astana - KAZAKISTAN 6 Natural Resources Goals MINERAL-ENERGY RAW MATERIALS DİVERSİFY NATURAL RESOURCES TO PROVİDE HIGH VALUE ADDED INTO THE ECONOMY SUPPLY THE ENERGY AND INDUSTRIAL RAW MATERIAL DEMAND IN A SAFE AND ECONOMIC SOURCES OF SUPPLY DIVERSIFICATION AND DEVELOPMENT RAW MATERİALS PRODUCED WİTHİN THE COUNTRY ARE PROCESSED İNTO END PRODUCTS Turkey ‘s Goals of Sustainable Natural Resources and Raw Material Politics Environmental Protection Supply Security Economic Growth

7. 3rd International Congress «Astana Mining & Metallurgy» 4-6 July 2012 Astana - KAZAKISTAN Turkey, an important segment of the Alpine-Himalayan tectonic belt, hosts notably diverse mineral deposits. The complex geologic and tectonic structure of Turkey makes it more difficult for mine exploration and mining facilities, although it contributes to mineral diversity of the region. Turkey is one of the few countries which can provide most of their raw materials in spite of the geological and technological drawbacks. 7

8. 3rd International Congress «Astana Mining & Metallurgy» 4-6 July 2012 Astana - KAZAKISTAN Gold: 700 tons (metal) Silver: 6062 tons (metal) Zinc: 2.3 million tons (metal) Lead: 860,000 tons (metal) Chromium: 26 million tons of high grade, 200 million tonnes of low gradeIron: 122 million tons (51-60% Metal Fe), 1,364 billion tonnes (14-52% Metal Fe-N 'lu) troubled reserve Copper: 1.78 million tons (metal) Boron: 3,566 billion tons Magnesite: 111 million tons Lignate:13.1 billion ton IMPORTANT MINERAL RESERVES OF TURKEY Çinko Altın Krom Eskişehir-Kırka Bor Oluşumları Trona Doğal taş  Trona: 842 million tons  Kaolin: 89 million tons  Clay (Ceramic + refractory): 354 million tons  Silica Sand: 1.3 billion tons  Quartzite: 2.3 billion ton  Marble and Natural Stones: 5.1 billion m3  Bentonite: 250 million tons  Dolomite: 16 billion tons  Feldspar: 239 million tons  Rock salt: 5.7 billion tons  Lightweight Building Materials: 7.2 billion m 3  (Perlite, pumice)  Gypsum: 1.8 billion tons 8

9. 3rd International Congress «Astana Mining & Metallurgy» 4-6 July 2012 Astana - KAZAKISTAN 9 By the year 2010 metallic, Industrial, Energy, raw material resources of licensed places

10. 3rd International Congress «Astana Mining & Metallurgy» 4-6 July 2012 Astana - KAZAKISTAN NATURAL STONES 1.69 BILLION $ (%48.52) METALLIC MINERALS 1.25 BILLION $ (%36) INDUSTRIEL RAWMATERIALS 531 MİLYON $ (%15) MINERAL RAW MATERIAL EXPORT (2011) 3.7 BILLION $ 10 Mining 1999-2011 The Mining in TURKEY Economy MINERAL RAWMATERIAL IMPORT (2011) ~ 6,07 Billion $ Energy Raw material 4.13 Billion $ Hard Coal (3.98 Billion $) Energy Raw material 4.13 Billion $ Hard Coal (3.98 Billion $) METALLIC MINERALS 1.277 Milyon $ Iron ore (1,17 Milyon $) METALLIC MINERALS 1.277 Milyon $ Iron ore (1,17 Milyon $) Türkey Mineral Expors (Billion $)  The first of the world reserves of boron  The first of gold production in Europe  Marble, Feldspar, Bentonite, Magnesium, Chromium second in the world production.  Fourth in world production of perlite and Strontium  Eighth of the world production of cement and lime  the ninth of Kaolin production,  Tenth of Iron - Steel production in the world

11. 3rd International Congress «Astana Mining & Metallurgy» 4-6 July 2012 Astana - KAZAKISTAN 11  13.1 billion tons of lignite,  1.3 bıllıon tons of hard coal, Energy raw material potential of Turkey :Coal FIELDS OF SOLID FOSSIL FUEL RESERVES AND ADDED A NEW LIGNITE Between 2005 and 2011, 850.000m. drilling program was conducted. Nearly 5.8 billion tons of coal reserves were added with these studies and coal reserves (8.3 billion tons total reserves) of Turkey were increased by about 70%.  82.0 million tons of asphaltite,  1.6 billion tons of bituminous shale

12. 3rd International Congress «Astana Mining & Metallurgy» 4-6 July 2012 Astana - KAZAKISTAN 12 Energy raw material potential of Turkey :  Geothermal Energy Turkey has a unique geographic position at the crossroads between Europe and Asia. It is located on an active tectonic, orogenetic belt, the Alpine-Himalaya Orogen with young faults and active volcanism which is the reason for Turkey’s substantial geothermal resources. Most of the geothermal energy potential is located in the Aegean and Central Anatolian region The geothermal potential of Turkey is estimated (theoretically) as 31,500 Mwt.The number of wells were drilled by MTA are now 470 the total depth is 208.477 m the proven geothermal capacity of the wells totally is 4045 Mwt..  Turkey holds a significant potential for geothermal energy exploitation. 187 geothermal fields that contain geothermal fluid with more than 40°C temperature exist in Turkey. Turkey as the direct application of geothermal energy, central heating, greenhouse heating and thermal tourism are used. 18 residential in the division of our country, the central domestic heating (the equivalent of 81,060 houses, 729 MWt), 15-site greenhouse (1,989,500 m2, 379 MWt) and 306 units of thermal plant, thermal treatment and utilized for tourism purposes.

13. 3rd International Congress «Astana Mining & Metallurgy» 4-6 July 2012 Astana - KAZAKISTAN The distributions of geothermal energy resources on regional basis 13 Energy raw material potential of Turkey :  Geothermal Energy

14. 3rd International Congress «Astana Mining & Metallurgy» 4-6 July 2012 Astana - KAZAKISTAN Industrial raw material research Between 2004 – 2011: 10 Gold projects 35 Copper-lead-Çinko-Gold projects 5 Iron projects 1 Chrome-Nikel projects 2 Iron Ore Metalic Mineral Research Between 2004 – 2011: 12 Industrial Raw material projects RESULTS -65 ton gold, -300.000 ton Copper, 2 Complex Cu, Pd, Zn field working Turkey, which may have significant mineral potential 400.000 m drilling MINERAL EXPLORATION Results 1 billion ton extra Boron reserves, 4.5 billion ton dolomite, 40 million ton ceramic raw materials, World’s second largest Şabazit field was found. Besides, quarts sand, Marble, cement, ceramic and glass raw material fields discovered. 75.000 m drilling

15. 3rd International Congress «Astana Mining & Metallurgy» 4-6 July 2012 Astana - KAZAKISTAN Thank you very much for your attention 15