1. Logistics Challenge 2000

2. About the Challenge
A ‘College Bowl’ type competition between universities
Tonight’s questions are from last year’s 12th Annual Pittsburgh CLM Roundtable College Challenge
In 1998, UNT had the highest finish of any first time team.
In 1999, UNT won the national championship.
Kathryn Cunningham (pursuing UNT MBA)
Chris Jarrard (webTransport)
Rex Fryhover (Nokia)
Dustin Storey (CH Robinson)

3. Challenge Costs
The Pittsburgh CLM Roundtable pays for the room and board expenses of all competing teams and their faculty advisor
Competing teams are responsible for their own travel expenses:
In the last two years the UNT teams have been sponsored by the Texas Logistics Education Foundation (TLEF)

4. Rules and Procedures
The competition involves preliminary qualifying rounds. Teams with the top score from each qualifying round (plus the highest 2nd score) compete in the Final Championship Round.
Tonight’s college teams:
DeVry
UNT
UTA

5. Preliminary Round One 10 questions

6. 1st Five Questions: 5 points Response Time: 10 seconds

7. Round 1 - Question 1
An order bill of lading differs from a straight bill of lading in that:
a. an order bill is a freight bill while the straight bill is not
b. an order bill is negotiable while the straight bill is not
c. the straight bill is negotiable while an order bill is not
d. there is no difference between the two

8. Round 1 - Question 1
An order bill of lading differs from a straight bill of lading in that:
a. an order bill is a freight bill while the straight bill is not
b. an order bill is negotiable while the straight bill is not
c. the straight bill is negotiable while an order bill is not
d. there is no difference between the two

9. In transportation value of service pricing:
Round 1 - Question 2
In transportation value of service pricing:
considers the supply side of the transport pricing function
considers the value of products to be irrelevant with respect to transport pricing
considers the ability of the product to withstand transportation charges
determines the lower limit of freight rates
none of the above

10. In transportation value of service pricing:
Round 1 - Question 2
In transportation value of service pricing:
considers the supply side of the transport pricing function
considers the value of products to be irrelevant with respect to transport pricing
considers the ability of the product to withstand transportation charges
determines the lower limit of freight rates
none of the above

11. Round 1 - Question 3
What is the time called that it takes for a customer to receive an order once it has been placed?
customer interval
product cycle
time interval
order cycle

12. Round 1 - Question 3
What is the time called that it takes for a customer to receive an order once it has been placed?
customer interval
product cycle
time interval
order cycle

13. Round 1 - Question 4
If a railroad carries more freight which increases its revenues by, say 10%, but its costs increase by only 5%, what effect will this have on its “operating ratio?”
decrease it
increase it
have no effect

14. Round 1 - Question 4
If a railroad carries more freight which increases its revenues by, say 10%, but its costs increase by only 5%, what effect will this have on its “operating ratio?”
decrease it
increase it
have no effect

15. Which best describes the aggregate demand for freight transportation?
Round 1 - Question 5
Which best describes the aggregate demand for freight transportation?
decreasing
inelastic
elastic
insensitive
none of the above

16. Which best describes the aggregate demand for freight transportation?
Round 1 - Question 5
Which best describes the aggregate demand for freight transportation?
decreasing
inelastic
elastic
insensitive
none of the above

17. 2nd Five Questions: 10 points Response Time: 15 seconds

18. Round 1 - Question 6
Each of the following factors have significantly altered the face of transportation except:
deregulation
just-in-time inventory systems
fuel price increases
the globalization of business

19. Round 1 - Question 6
Each of the following factors have significantly altered the face of transportation except:
deregulation
just-in-time inventory systems
fuel price increases
the globalization of business

20. Round 1 - Question 7
Which of the following factors tends to drive firms toward centralizing their logistics functions?
closer to customer
cost control
local decision making
empower the workforce

21. Round 1 - Question 7
Which of the following factors tends to drive firms toward centralizing their logistics functions?
closer to customer
cost control
local decision making
empower the workforce

22. With “F.O.B. Origin” terms:
Round 1 - Question 8
With “F.O.B. Origin” terms:
the shipper is responsible for freight costs
the carrier is responsible for freight costs
the freight costs are dependent on the carrier’s F.O.B. estimate
the consignee is responsible for freight costs

23. With “F.O.B. Origin” terms:
Round 1 - Question 8
With “F.O.B. Origin” terms:
the shipper is responsible for freight costs
the carrier is responsible for freight costs
the freight costs are dependent on the carrier’s F.O.B. estimate
the consignee is responsible for freight costs

24. Contribution pricing theory requires:
Round 1 - Question 9
Contribution pricing theory requires:
rates must cover fixed costs, variable costs, and planned profit
rates must cover fixed costs, variable costs, and marginal profit
rates must cover only fixed and variable costs
rates must cover variable costs

25. Contribution pricing theory requires:
Round 1 - Question 9
Contribution pricing theory requires:
rates must cover fixed costs, variable costs, and planned profit
rates must cover fixed costs, variable costs, and marginal profit
rates must cover only fixed and variable costs
rates must cover variable costs

26. What is the effect of tapering rates on facility location?
Round 1 - Question 10
What is the effect of tapering rates on facility location?
pulls the location towards the source or market
pushes the facility towards the source of the raw material
there is no effect
makes the optimum location at the midpoint between the raw material sources and the marketplace

27. What is the effect of tapering rates on facility location?
Round 1 - Question 10
What is the effect of tapering rates on facility location?
pulls the location towards the source or market
pushes the facility towards the source of the raw material
there is no effect
makes the optimum location at the midpoint between the raw material sources and the marketplace

28. Round One Tiebreaker (if required)

29. Tie 1 - Question 1
Which mode of transportation has the highest proportion of fixed costs?
pipeline
railroad
water
motor carrier

30. Tie 1 - Question 1
Which mode of transportation has the highest proportion of fixed costs?
pipeline
railroad
water
motor carrier

31. Which of the following statements is true?
Tie 1 - Question 2
Which of the following statements is true?
the biggest problem with screening is that only a sample of items are inspected in batch
the average manufacturing firm spends three times more on compensation than on purchases
the key document in the movement of goods is the bill of materials
a rate that does not vary based on distance is called a blanket rate
all of the above are false

32. Which of the following statements is true?
Tie 1 - Question 2
Which of the following statements is true?
the biggest problem with screening is that only a sample of items are inspected in batch
the average manufacturing firm spends three times more on compensation than on purchases
the key document in the movement of goods is the bill of materials
a rate that does not vary based on distance is called a blanket rate
all of the above are false

33. Tie 1 - Question 3
The blending of product availability, order cycle time, distribution system flexibility, distribution system information, distribution system malfunction, and post sale product support for customers is known as:
the marketing mix
the customer service mix
the logistics mix
the promotion mix

34. Tie 1 - Question 3
The blending of product availability, order cycle time, distribution system flexibility, distribution system information, distribution system malfunction, and post sale product support for customers is known as:
the marketing mix
the customer service mix
the logistics mix
the promotion mix

35. The Staggers Act of 1980 was important to railroads because it:
Tie 1 - Question 4
The Staggers Act of 1980 was important to railroads because it:
set up AMTRAK
set up Conrail
changed merger regulations
provided for rail deregulation

36. The Staggers Act of 1980 was important to railroads because it:
Tie 1 - Question 4
The Staggers Act of 1980 was important to railroads because it:
set up AMTRAK
set up Conrail
changed merger regulations
provided for rail deregulation

37. Which transportation mode employs
Tie 1 - Question 5
Which transportation mode employs
“batching pigs”?
air
motor
pipeline
rail
water

38. Which transportation mode employs
Tie 1 - Question 5
Which transportation mode employs
“batching pigs”?
air
motor
pipeline
rail
water

39. Preliminary Round Two 10 Questions

40. 1st Five Questions: 5 points Response Time: 10 seconds

41. Round 2 - Question 1
The distance factor involving the location of nodes, or fixed points in the logistics system is referred to as:
spatial relationship
temporal intensity
density
ruler variance

42. Round 2 - Question 1
The distance factor involving the location of nodes, or fixed points in the logistics system is referred to as:
spatial relationship
temporal intensity
density
ruler variance

43. Round 2 - Question 2
Selection of air freight transportation, over a motor carrier, even if the choice increases transportation costs, might be justified if:
the reputation of the company is improved through the use of higher priced transportation
the customer receives the order before the ordered delivery date
total logistics costs are lowered
transit time is not a factor

44. Round 2 - Question 2
Selection of air freight transportation, over a motor carrier, even if the choice increases transportation costs, might be justified if:
the reputation of the company is improved through the use of higher priced transportation
the customer receives the order before the ordered delivery date
total logistics costs are lowered
transit time is not a factor

45. What medium is used to move coal in slurry lines?
Round 2 - Question 3
What medium is used to move coal in slurry lines?
compressed air
gas
water
vacuum
none of the above

46. What medium is used to move coal in slurry lines?
Round 2 - Question 3
What medium is used to move coal in slurry lines?
compressed air
gas
water
vacuum
none of the above

47. Round 2 - Question 4
Determining where to locate a plant or warehouse involves consideration of the following factor:
community services
level of local union activity
zoning laws
location of existing and potential customers
all of the above

48. Round 2 - Question 4
Determining where to locate a plant or warehouse involves consideration of the following factor:
community services
level of local union activity
zoning laws
location of existing and potential customers
all of the above

49. As of May of 1999, ocean transport was deregulated. This allowed:
Round 2 - Question 5
As of May of 1999, ocean transport was deregulated. This allowed:
carriers to price their offerings without the need to publish rates
confidential “all trade” service contracts between carriers and shippers
a. and b. above
none of the above

50. As of May of 1999, ocean transport was deregulated. This allowed:
Round 2 - Question 5
As of May of 1999, ocean transport was deregulated. This allowed:
carriers to price their offerings without the need to publish rates
confidential “all trade” service contracts between carriers and shippers
a. and b. above
none of the above

51. 2nd Five Questions: 10 points Response Time: 15 seconds

52. Round 2 - Question 6
If demand increases by 10% and the value of each unit increases by 10%, what will happen to the EOQ? (Assume that everything else remains the same).
the EOQ will increase by 10%
the EOQ will increase by 20%
the EOQ will decrease by 10%
the EOQ will decrease by 20%
the EOQ will remain the same

53. Round 2 - Question 6
If demand increases by 10% and the value of each unit increases by 10%, what will happen to the EOQ? (Assume that everything else remains the same).
the EOQ will increase by 10%
the EOQ will increase by 20%
the EOQ will decrease by 10%
the EOQ will decrease by 20%
the EOQ will remain the same

54. Round 2 - Question 7
Which of the following strategies are mass merchant retailers generally pursuing:
more “FOB Delivered” terms
more “FOB Origin” terms
putting less emphasis on terms and more emphasis on first time cost
making freight cost the supplier’s problem

55. Round 2 - Question 7
Which of the following strategies are mass merchant retailers generally pursuing:
more “FOB Delivered” terms
more “FOB Origin” terms
putting less emphasis on terms and more emphasis on first time cost
making freight cost the supplier’s problem

56. As the number of warehouses used by a company increases:
Round 2 - Question 8
As the number of warehouses used by a company increases:
transport costs will decrease; inventory cost and cost of lost sales will increase
transport costs and cost of lost sales will increase; inventory costs will decrease
transport costs and inventory cost will decrease; cost of lost sales will increase
transport costs and cost of lost sales will decrease; inventory costs will increase
none of the above

57. As the number of warehouses used by a company increases:
Round 2 - Question 8
As the number of warehouses used by a company increases:
transport costs will decrease; inventory cost and cost of lost sales will increase
transport costs and cost of lost sales will increase; inventory costs will decrease
transport costs and inventory cost will decrease; cost of lost sales will increase
transport costs and cost of lost sales will decrease; inventory costs will increase
none of the above

58. What is the average inventory in the following situation?
Round 2 - Question 9
What is the average inventory in the following situation?
order size = 100 units
1 demand during lead time equals 50 units
the desired level of protection from stockouts is (2)
150 units
200 units
100 units
250 units
75 units

59. What is the average inventory in the following situation?
Round 2 - Question 9
What is the average inventory in the following situation?
order size = 100 units
1 demand during lead time equals 50 units
the desired level of protection from stockouts is (2)
150 units
200 units
100 units
250 units
75 units

60. Giving or sending a purchase order to a supplier:
Round 2 - Question 10
Giving or sending a purchase order to a supplier:
results in a contract when the acknowledgment copy is returned by the supplier to the purchaser
results in a contract only when the supplier ships the material
creates a contract
must be done in at least two copies to be legal
none of the above

61. Giving or sending a purchase order to a supplier:
Round 2 - Question 10
Giving or sending a purchase order to a supplier:
results in a contract when the acknowledgment copy is returned by the supplier to the purchaser
results in a contract only when the supplier ships the material
creates a contract
must be done in at least two copies to be legal
none of the above

62. Round Two Tiebreaker (if required)

63. Which of the following is correct regarding value of service pricing?
Tie 2 - Question 1
Which of the following is correct regarding value of service pricing?
the model is used to determine the lower limit of freight rates
the model considers the supply side of the transportation function
the value of the product is considered to be irrelevant in the determination of the freight rate
the model considers the ability of the commodity to bear a charge

64. Which of the following is correct regarding value of service pricing?
Tie 2 - Question 1
Which of the following is correct regarding value of service pricing?
the model is used to determine the lower limit of freight rates
the model considers the supply side of the transportation function
the value of the product is considered to be irrelevant in the determination of the freight rate
the model considers the ability of the commodity to bear a charge

65. Tie 2 - Question 2
________ are inflatable and their purpose is to hold cargo securely in place in order to reduce L & D claims:
damage bags
dunnage bags
PEB bags
Los Angeles specials

66. Tie 2 - Question 2
________ are inflatable and their purpose is to hold cargo securely in place in order to reduce L & D claims:
damage bags
dunnage bags
PEB bags
Los Angeles specials

67. Tie 2 - Question 3
One task performed by public relations staff at public transportation agencies consist of:
increasing or obtaining public support for further financing needs
managing the transition to increased privatization
addressing social consideration in the area of the environment
all of the above

68. Tie 2 - Question 3
One task performed by public relations staff at public transportation agencies consist of:
increasing or obtaining public support for further financing needs
managing the transition to increased privatization
addressing social consideration in the area of the environment
all of the above

69. Tie 2 - Question 4
Which of the following terms refers to using a combination of air transport and water to deliver goods?
fishyback
birdyback
piggyback
camelback
hunchback

70. Tie 2 - Question 4
Which of the following terms refers to using a combination of air transport and water to deliver goods?
fishyback
birdyback
piggyback
camelback
hunchback

71. Tie 2 - Question 5
Which type of warehouse is used when a company wishes to store goods that will be used as collateral?
bonded
financial
field
private

72. Tie 2 - Question 5
Which type of warehouse is used when a company wishes to store goods that will be used as collateral?
bonded
financial
field
private

73. Final Round 15 Questions

74. Rules and Procedures
Teams competing in the Final Championship Round will start with 0 points
The team with the highest points at the end of the Final Championship Round is declared the winner
The winning team in Pittsburgh is asked to designate one student who will be the paid guest of the Pittsburgh Roundtable at the next Annual CLM Conference in New Orleans.

75. 1st Five Questions: 5 points Response Time: 10 seconds

76. An “evergreen contract” refers to one that __________.
Final Round - Question 1
An “evergreen contract” refers to one that __________.
is worth a lot of money
is environmentally friendly
has no end date
involves cross-border transactions

77. An “evergreen contract” refers to one that __________.
Final Round - Question 1
An “evergreen contract” refers to one that __________.
is worth a lot of money
is environmentally friendly
has no end date
involves cross-border transactions

78. Final Round - Question 2
Pittsburgh Office Supply (POS) stocks out of a certain item 20% of the time and has determined that 20% of these stock outs result in backorders, 30% result in lost sales, and 50% result in lost customers. POS has determined that backorder at $100. Its annual sales of this particular product is $10,000,000. What is the expected cost of a stockout?
$2,000,000
$1,300
$580
$310
$116

79. Final Round - Question 2
Pittsburgh Office Supply (POS) stocks out of a certain item 20% of the time and has determined that 20% of these stock outs result in backorders, 30% result in lost sales, and 50% result in lost customers. POS has determined that backorder at $100. Its annual sales of this particular product is $10,000,000. What is the expected cost of a stockout?
$2,000,000
$1,300
$580
$310
$116

80. All are principal reasons for holding materials inventory, except:
Final Round - Question 3
All are principal reasons for holding materials inventory, except:
purchase economies
speculative investments in raw materials
transportation economies
improvements in customer service

81. All are principal reasons for holding materials inventory, except:
Final Round - Question 3
All are principal reasons for holding materials inventory, except:
purchase economies
speculative investments in raw materials
transportation economies
improvements in customer service

82. Final Round - Question 4
Your road atlas falls on the floor and opens to page14. The map indicates the intersection of Federal Interstates I-15 and I-94. The corner of the page which normally indicates the state or providence associated with this map has been chewed off by your dieting roommate. If you were standing at the intersection of these Federal Interstates, which region of the United States would you be in?
Northeastern
Southeastern
Northwestern
Southwestern

83. Final Round - Question 4
Your road atlas falls on the floor and opens to page14. The map indicates the intersection of Federal Interstates I-15 and I-94. The corner of the page which normally indicates the state or providence associated with this map has been chewed off by your dieting roommate. If you were standing at the intersection of these Federal Interstates, which region of the United States would you be in?
Northeastern
Southeastern
Northwestern
Southwestern

84. Final Round - Question 5
The single greatest impetus toward the advancement of intermodalism was:
the introduction of containers on US domestic ocean liners
regulatory reform in the railroad industry immediately after the World War
the ILWU’s (union) demands for increased pay and shorter work weeks
none of the above

85. Final Round - Question 5
The single greatest impetus toward the advancement of intermodalism was:
the introduction of containers on US domestic ocean liners
regulatory reform in the railroad industry immediately after the World War
the ILWU’s (union) demands for increased pay and shorter work weeks
none of the above

86. 2nd Five Questions: 10 points Response Time: 15 seconds

87. Vendor-managed (VMI) is a concept where:
Final Round - Question 6
Vendor-managed (VMI) is a concept where:
suppliers replenish a retail distribution center with their product without the retailers placing an order
retailers handle their own inventory management
suppliers replenish a retail distribution center with their product when the retailers tells them to do so
vendors hold inventory and ship directly to each stores

88. Vendor-managed (VMI) is a concept where:
Final Round - Question 6
Vendor-managed (VMI) is a concept where:
suppliers replenish a retail distribution center with their product without the retailers placing an order
retailers handle their own inventory management
suppliers replenish a retail distribution center with their product when the retailers tells them to do so
vendors hold inventory and ship directly to each stores

89. The Federal Aviation Authorization Act of 1994:
Final Round - Question 7
The Federal Aviation Authorization Act of 1994:
completed the deregulation of interstate trucking
completed the deregulation of interstate air freight
preempted that states from regulating intrastate trucking
preempted the states from regulating intrastate air freight

90. The Federal Aviation Authorization Act of 1994:
Final Round - Question 7
The Federal Aviation Authorization Act of 1994:
completed the deregulation of interstate trucking
completed the deregulation of interstate air freight
preempted that states from regulating intrastate trucking
preempted the states from regulating intrastate air freight

91. Final Round - Question 8
We can compare the cost of shipping at a higher volume than the actual weight to realize a lower rate and lower shipping cost of shipping at the actual weight by determining the weight break. The weight break formula is?
LV rate * WB = HV rate * MW
WB * LV rate = MW * HV rate
WB * HV rate = LV rate * MW
HV rate * LV rate = WB * MW

92. Final Round - Question 8
We can compare the cost of shipping at a higher volume than the actual weight to realize a lower rate and lower shipping cost of shipping at the actual weight by determining the weight break. The weight break formula is?
LV rate * WB = HV rate * MW
WB * LV rate = MW * HV rate
WB * HV rate = LV rate * MW
HV rate * LV rate = WB * MW

93. Average cycle stock inventory equals:
Final Round - Question 9
Average cycle stock inventory equals:
half the order quantity
the square root of the order quantity
the order quantity time the turns
the order quantity level

94. Average cycle stock inventory equals:
Final Round - Question 9
Average cycle stock inventory equals:
half the order quantity
the square root of the order quantity
the order quantity time the turns
the order quantity level

95. Flags of convenience are used:
Final Round - Question 10
Flags of convenience are used:
to promote the U.S. flag merchant marine
to avoid registering in nations with stringent standards
to help the U.S. shipbuilding industry
none of the above

96. Flags of convenience are used:
Final Round - Question 10
Flags of convenience are used:
to promote the U.S. flag merchant marine
to avoid registering in nations with stringent standards
to help the U.S. shipbuilding industry
none of the above

97. 3rd Five Questions: 15 points Response Time: 20 seconds

98. Final Round - Question 11
Which of the following is correct regarding the zone of reasonableness established for air carriers using the standard industry level as a basis?
above 5-10 percent, below 50 percent
above percent, below 50 percent
above 50 percent, below 5-10 percent
above 50 percent, below percent

99. Final Round - Question 11
Which of the following is correct regarding the zone of reasonableness established for air carriers using the standard industry level as a basis?
above 5-10 percent, below 50 percent
above percent, below 50 percent
above 50 percent, below 5-10 percent
above 50 percent, below percent

100. Private warehouses are generally advantageous when:
Final Round - Question 12
Private warehouses are generally advantageous when:
demand does not fluctuate
greater control is necessary
throughput is low and sporadic
investment capital is scarce
promotional items need to be stored
(1) and (3)
(1), (4), and (5)
(1) and (2)
(1), (2), and (4)
(2) only

101. Private warehouses are generally advantageous when:
Final Round - Question 12
Private warehouses are generally advantageous when:
demand does not fluctuate
greater control is necessary
throughput is low and sporadic
investment capital is scarce
promotional items need to be stored
(1) and (3)
(1), (4), and (5)
(1) and (2)
(1), (2), and (4)
(2) only

102. Which is the largest component of logistics cost in most industries?
Final Round - Question 13
Which is the largest component of logistics cost in most industries?
inventory costs
transportation costs
shipper-related costs
administrative costs

103. Which is the largest component of logistics cost in most industries?
Final Round - Question 13
Which is the largest component of logistics cost in most industries?
inventory costs
transportation costs
shipper-related costs
administrative costs

104. Final Round - Question 14
Which mode of freight transport accounts for the greatest percentage of inter city ton-miles:
pipeline
water carriers
motor carriers
railroads

105. Final Round - Question 14
Which mode of freight transport accounts for the greatest percentage of inter city ton-miles:
pipeline
water carriers
motor carriers
railroads

106. Which one of the following does not make up a global logistics system:
Final Round - Question 15
Which one of the following does not make up a global logistics system:
functional dimension
transportation dimension
sectorial dimension
geographic dimension

107. Which one of the following does not make up a global logistics system:
Final Round - Question 15
Which one of the following does not make up a global logistics system:
functional dimension
transportation dimension
sectorial dimension
geographic dimension

108. Final Round Tiebreaker (if required)

109. Final / Tie - Question 1
A firm has average inventory of $300,000. It orders twice per year. The cost of holding inventory is 15% per year. What is the annual inventory carrying cost?
$50,000
$45,000
$90,000
$22,500

110. Final / Tie - Question 1
A firm has average inventory of $300,000. It orders twice per year. The cost of holding inventory is 15% per year. What is the annual inventory carrying cost?
$50,000
$45,000
$90,000
$22,500

111. Final / Tie - Question 2
Which one of the following is an impossible description of raw material?
ubiquitous and pure
weight losing and ubiquitous
pure and localized
weight losing and pure
none of the above

112. Final / Tie - Question 2
Which one of the following is an impossible description of raw material?
ubiquitous and pure
weight losing and ubiquitous
pure and localized
weight losing and pure
none of the above

113. Final / Tie - Question 3
When prices are set using the value of service pricing model, the lower limit of price can be no lower than the variable cost to provide the service. What is the upper limit of the price?
fixed plus variable costs
an allowance established for fixed costs
what the service is worth to the shipper
fixed cost minus profits

114. Final / Tie - Question 3
When prices are set using the value of service pricing model, the lower limit of price can be no lower than the variable cost to provide the service. What is the upper limit of the price?
fixed plus variable costs
an allowance established for fixed costs
what the service is worth to the shipper
fixed cost minus profits

115. “Phantom” freight refers to:
Final / Tie - Question 4
“Phantom” freight refers to:
late shipments
shipments accepted by non-certified carriers
“cut-rate” contract carriers
paying more for freight than the actual shipment

116. “Phantom” freight refers to:
Final / Tie - Question 4
“Phantom” freight refers to:
late shipments
shipments accepted by non-certified carriers
“cut-rate” contract carriers
paying more for freight than the actual shipment

117. Final / Tie - Question 5 Please read the following statements:
Statement I
Most logistics budgets are static.
Statement II
Most logistics costs are dynamic.
both statements are true
the first statement is true, the second is false
the first statement is false, the second statement is true
both statements are false

118. Final / Tie - Question 5 Please read the following statements:
Statement I
Most logistics budgets are static.
Statement II
Most logistics costs are dynamic.
both statements are true
the first statement is true, the second is false
the first statement is false, the second statement is true
both statements are false