2. What is the purpose of the Class I Redesignation Guidance? Provides guidance for tribes who are considering redesignating their areas as Class I areas under the Prevention of Significant Deterioration (PSD) program. Provides answers to frequently asked questions and an explanation of the redesignation process.

3. What are the components of the NSR program? 3 New Source Review (NSR) Program Major NSR in attainment areas (PSD) Major NSR in nonattainment areas (NA NSR) Minor NSR in all areas

4. How do Class I areas fit within the air quality control program? The CAA contains three area classifications for PSD areas– Class I, Class II and Class III. Class I designation is the most protective because it allows the least amount of air quality degradation. Class II designation allows a moderate amount of degradation. (Covers most of the country) Class III increments allow the most degradation. (No Class III designations have ever been made.)

5. What is a Class I area? Congress designated certain areas of the country as mandatory federal Class I areas that cannot be redesignated to another classification. These consist of all international parks, of national wilderness areas and national memorial parks that exceed 5,000 acres, and of national parks that exceed 6,000 acres. Each mandatory federal Class I area has a Federal Land Manager (FLM) who is charged with administering the area. The Act also provides for two types of non-federal Class I areas – state-designated and tribal-designated.

6. What reservations have redesignated lands to Class I areas? The following federal Indian reservations have been redesignated to Class I status: The Northern Cheyenne Indian Reservation, Montana The Flathead Indian Reservation, Montana The Fort Peck Indian Reservation, Montana The Spokane Indian Reservation, Washington The Forest County Potawatomi Reservation, Wisconsin

7. Why would a tribe want to redesignate its reservation to Class I? Exercise certain controls over reservation air resources. Assert tribal sovereignty. Protect the reservation from certain air quality impacts arising off reservation. Build tribal capacity in the implementation of the Act. Receive notice of all PSD permit applications for sources outside the redesignated reservation that are likely to affect a Class I area. Potential recourse to dispute resolution if issues regarding the impact of a proposed state permitting action cannot be resolved.

8. What protections do Class I areas have? Air quality is not permitted to deteriorate by more than the PSD limits established for Class I areas. Construction of a major stationary source that may affect the air quality in the Class I area will not be authorized unless the permit applicant demonstrates that the new or modified source will not cause or contribute to a violation of the NAAQS or Class I levels.

9. What protections do Class I areas have? (cont.) A PSD permit may not be issued if the source will have an adverse impact on specific Air Quality Related Values (AQRVs), e.g., visibility or a specific scenic, cultural, physical, biological, or ecological resource.

10. What are the procedural requirements for Class I redesignation? A tribal government seeking to redesignate its reservation to Class I must submit a redesignation request to EPA and meet requirements such as: Holding at least one public hearing. Consulting with local and other sub-state general purpose governments in the area. Notifying and consulting states, other tribes, and federal land managers of areas that may be affected by the redesignation. Preparing an analysis of the health, environmental, economic, social, and energy effects of the proposed reclassification.

11. How are Indian reservation boundaries addressed in Class I redesignation? The tribal government must identify the area being redesignated, e.g., tribal boundaries or other areas of Indian country.

12. How will the EPA process a redesignation request? The EPA will examine whether or not the tribe has met all the procedural requirements for redesignation and whether redesignation is consistent with the restrictions on area classifications at 40 CFR 52.21(e). If the EPA believes that the redesignation meets applicable requirements, it will prepare a proposed decision regarding the redesignation request and providing the reasons for its decision. This proposed EPA rulemaking will be published in the Federal Register for notice and comment. The EPA will also provide an opportunity for a public hearing on the proposal.

13. What happens if a state and tribe disagree on a redesignation request? CAA § 164(e) provides that “If any State affected by the redesignation of an area by an Indian tribe or any Indian tribe affected by the redesignation of any area by a State disagrees with such redesignation of any area... the Governor or Indian ruling body may request the Administrator to enter into negotiations with the parties involved to resolve such dispute.” There are several possible options: The parties can reach an agreement to resolve the issues. The state or tribe may request that the Administrator make a recommendation to resolve the dispute and protect the AQRVs of the lands involved. If the parties do not reach their own agreement, the Administrator shall resolve the dispute.

14. Practical tips for a tribe to consider when thinking about redesignation The Class I Redesignation guidance presents potential considerations which may be relevant to a tribe’s decision to seek redesignation, such as: How does a Class I area redesignation fit with the tribe's overall goals for reservation air quality management? What are the tribe's plans for economic growth within the reservation? How might a Class I area redesignation impact economic development opportunities in the area? What nearby jurisdictions may be affected by the redesignation? What technical resources and staff are available to develop and implement Class I redesignation?