1. AP Biology
Nervous Systems
Part 5

2. Actin and Myosin Microfilaments

3. EXTRACELLULAR Signal molecule FLUID (first messenger) G protein DAG
GTP
G-protein-linked
receptor
PIP2
Phospholipase C
IP3 (second
messenger)
IP3-gated
calcium channel
Cellular
re-
sponses
Various
proteins
activated
Endoplasmic
reticulum (ER)
Ca2+
Ca2+
(second
messenger)
CYTOSOL

4. Oscilli

5. Eye Cups

6. Compound eye up close

7. Compound eyes of insect

8. Single Eye

9. Location of the Retina in your eye

10. Rods vs. Cones (Look at the shape)

11. Rods and Cones in the Retina
Photoreceptors
Neurons
Cone
Rod
Amacrine
cell
Horizontal
cell
Optic
nerve
fibers
Ganglion
cell
Bipolar
cell
Pigmented
epithelium

12. Locomotion

13. Swimming and the Fusiform body shape

14. Walk/Run

15. Flight

16. .
Synaptic terminal
of motor neuron
PLASMA
MEMBRANE
Synaptic cleft
T TUBULE
ACh SR
Ca2+
CYTOSOL
Ca2+

17. .
Tropomyosin
Ca2+-binding sites
Actin
Troponin complex
Myosin-binding sites blocked.
Ca2+
Myosin-
binding site
Myosin-binding sites exposed.

18. . Thick filament Thin filaments Thin filament Myosin head (low-energy
configuration)
Thick
filament
Cross-bridge
binding site
Thin filament moves
toward center of sacomere.
Actin
Myosin head (low-
energy configuration)
Myosin head (high-
energy configuration)
Cross-bridge