1. Dr. Intan A Mokhtar Assistant Professor Policy and Leadership Studies National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University 2 – 4 December 2009 Day 1 1IAM/PLS/NIE/amb005

2. Day 1 Overview for Day 1  What is instructional technology?  Getting started with instructional technology  Modes of learning – VARK – Dale’s Cone of Learning Experiences  Instructional technology tools – Software application (stand-alone) – Internet-based – Web-based 2IAM/PLS/NIE/amb005

3. Day 1 What is instructional technology?  Involves the theory, design and development of processes for effective learning, supported by appropriate resources  Different kinds of technologies are used to facilitate the teaching or instruction  Technologies can range from stand-alone types (e.g. voice recorder, computer) to networked ones (e.g. television, radio, the Internet) 3IAM/PLS/NIE/amb005

4. Day 1 Getting started with instructional technology  The Internet and its impact on global economic growth  Faster access to current information leads to power and wealth  Importance of memorization  as use of the Internet and robotic search engines   Hence, new pedagogies are needed in teaching and learning 4IAM/PLS/NIE/amb005

5. Day 1 Getting started with instructional technology  Evolution from newsprints  radio  television  Internet + mobile technologies  Moore’s Law: exponential growth of computing power  More transistors on each new chip  Faster processing speed  Obsolescence of older computers and technologies is increasing 5IAM/PLS/NIE/amb005

6. Day 1 Getting started with instructional technology  Moving through the ages: Agricultural  Industrial  Information  Knowledge-based Economy  In teaching and learning: Read, Write & Arithmetic (3Rs)  Integrity, Independence and Innovativeness (3Is) 6IAM/PLS/NIE/amb005

7. Day 1 Our instructional technology concept map 7IAM/PLS/NIE/amb005 1. Modes of Learning 4. Assessment 2. Tools 3. Issues Instructional Technology

8. Day 1 1. Modes of Learning 8IAM/PLS/NIE/amb005

9. Day 1 Modes of Learning – What & Why?  How individuals learn – how information is received and processed  cognition and understanding  Different people have different preferences and inclinations for learning  Knowing your trainees’ preferred mode(s) of learning helps facilitate the learning process and improves cognition  effective learning 9IAM/PLS/NIE/amb005

10. Day 1 VARK questionnaire  Answer the given questionnaire IAM/PLS/NIE/amb00510

11. Day 1 VARK – Neil Fleming  Developed together with Charles Bonwell in 1987  One of the most widely used instruments to determine preferred learning mode(s) Visual Aural Read/Write Kinaesthetic 11IAM/PLS/NIE/amb005

12. Day 1 Cone of Learning Experiences – Edgar Dale 12IAM/PLS/NIE/amb005

13. Day 1 Cone of Learning Experiences – Edgar Dale  Can be described along the Continuum of Learning Experiences  Having a good balance of concrete and abstract experiences in learning is desired 13IAM/PLS/NIE/amb005 Direct, experiences Verbal description by another person Continuum of learning experiences CONCRETE ABSTRACT

14. Day 1 LUNCH 14IAM/PLS/NIE/amb005

15. Day 1 2. Instructional Technology Tools 15IAM/PLS/NIE/amb005

16. Day 1 Instructional Technology Tools – An Overview 16IAM/PLS/NIE/amb005 Instructional Technology Tools - Database applications - Word processors - Spreadsheets - Media players - Bluetooth - Desktop publishing Internet- based Web-based & Web 2.0 Application software (stand-alone) Non Computer- based Computer- based - Emails - Newsgroups - Intranet - Instant messaging - Weblogs - Websites - Wikis - Social networking sites - Instant messaging - Short message service - Television - Radio - Voice recorder

17. Day 1 Application Software (Stand- alone) Tools Some common application software:  Word processing eg. Microsoft Word, Microsoft Works  Spreadsheets eg. Microsoft Excel, Open Office Calc  Databases eg. Microsoft Access, Open Office, Base  Multimedia Presentation eg. Microsoft Powerpoint, Open Office Impress  Media players eg. Windows Media Player, Real Player 17IAM/PLS/NIE/amb005

18. Day 1 Application Software (Stand- alone) Tools  Note that these tools can be used on their own without the need for any networks to be established  Each of these tools can run on a computer on its own and is fully functional 18IAM/PLS/NIE/amb005

19. Day 1 Multimedia Presentation: MS Powerpoint  Slide transition  Hyperlinks  Insertion of diagrams and clip art IAM/PLS/NIE/amb00519

20. Day 1 TEA BREAK 20IAM/PLS/NIE/amb005

21. Day 1 Internet-based Tools Some common Internet-based tools:  Electronic mail eg. Microsoft Outlook, Lotus Notes (usually requires a common or compatible OS; now LAN)  Newsgroups eg. talk.politics, comp.lang.java.help (comes about from the old bulletin board system)  Intranet systems eg. MOE Intranet, SPF Intranet  Instant messaging systems (usually tagged onto the e-mail system) 21IAM/PLS/NIE/amb005

22. Day 1 Web-based and Web 2.0 Tools What is the Web?  Part of the Internet – other parts are email, online chats, online games, and file transfer and sharing  The World Wide Web (or simply, the Web) is an extensive collection of interlinked documents, images, and other resources, connected to one another via hyperlinks and Uniform Resource Locators (URLs)  Platform for transfer between hyperlinks and URLs is the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) 22IAM/PLS/NIE/amb005

23. Day 1 Web-based and Web 2.0 Tools What is the Web?  The Web is accessed through web browsers such as Internet Explorer or Netscape; a less common browser is Firefox; for mobile computers, this may be Safari  Exploration of the Web is through keyword- driven robotic search engines eg. Google, Yahoo, Live Search (MSN)  The Web has created the sudden onslaught of large amounts of decentralized information and mass publishing 23IAM/PLS/NIE/amb005

24. Day 1 Web-based and Web 2.0 Tools Web 2.0  Evolution of the Web to facilitate more interaction and information sharing  Allows easier publishing and citizen journalism  Features of Web 2.0: Interoperability User-centered design (more GUI) Elements of “click-and-drag”  no need to learn specific programming languages (barely any scripting)  Web 2.0  Participatory Web  Web 1.0  Information source Web 24IAM/PLS/NIE/amb005

25. Day 1 Web-based and Web 2.0 Tools Examples of Web 2.0 Tools  Websites eg. With domains such as.com,.org,.net  Weblogs eg. Blogger, Word Press  Wikis eg. Wikipedia, WikiHow, WikiAnswers, WikiMapia  Video/media sharing sites eg. YouTube, Flickr (extensions from the old FTP)  Social networking sites eg. Facebook, My Space  Folksonomies – collaborative system of classification and tagging; usually embedded within another Web 2.0 application eg. Wikipedia, Flickr 25IAM/PLS/NIE/amb005

26. Day 1 Setting up your own Blog  Go to any of the many free web-hosting blogs eg. Blogger, Word Press, Live JournalBlogger  Create an account (but you would need to have an email account ready)  Activate your blog account (if needed)  Start blogging Note: Some blog hosts allow privacy protection for your blogs (i.e. not everyone in the public domain can read what you’ve written on your blog) 26IAM/PLS/NIE/amb005

27. Day 1 Setting up your own Wiki  Go to any of the many free web-hosting wikis eg. Wikispaces, Wikidot, Wiki-siteWikispaces  Create an account (but you would need to have an email account ready)  Activate your wiki account (if needed)  Start populating your wiki Note: Unlike a blog, you really have not much control over who writes on your wiki since ‘every reader is an author’. 27IAM/PLS/NIE/amb005

28. Day 1 End of Day 1 28IAM/PLS/NIE/amb005