1. UNIT III POLITICS AND VOTING CH.16/POLITICAL PARTIES CH.17/ELECTIONS AND VOTING

2. CHARACTERISITICS OF AMERICAN POLTICAL PARTIES FOCUSED ON WINNING ELECTIONS FOCUSED ON WINNING ELECTIONS NOT AS ISSUE- ORIENTED AS EUROPEAN POLITICAL PARTIES NOT AS ISSUE- ORIENTED AS EUROPEAN POLITICAL PARTIES

3. AMERICAN POLITICAL PARTIES NOT A GROUP OF LIKE MINDED PEOPLE; BUT PERSONS WHO SHARE SIMILAR VIEWS NOT A GROUP OF LIKE MINDED PEOPLE; BUT PERSONS WHO SHARE SIMILAR VIEWS

4. AMERICAN POLITICAL PARTIES THE BASIC DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE PARTIES THE BASIC DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE PARTIES Democrats generally believe that the Federal government is best suited to solve the nation’s problems Democrats generally believe that the Federal government is best suited to solve the nation’s problems Republicans prefer more power at the state and local level Republicans prefer more power at the state and local level

5. FUNCTIONS OF AMERICAN POLITICAL PARTIES NOMINATE CANDIDATES NOMINATE CANDIDATES INFORM AND STIMULATE PARTICPATION INFORM AND STIMULATE PARTICPATION BONDING: ENFORCE GOOD PERFORMANCE FROM OFFICE HOLDERS (I.E. VOTING WITH YOUR PARTY) BONDING: ENFORCE GOOD PERFORMANCE FROM OFFICE HOLDERS (I.E. VOTING WITH YOUR PARTY)

6. BASIC CONCEPT OF THE TWO- PARTY SYSTEM MAJOR AMERICAN POLTICAL PARTIES ARE COMPROMISE IN NATURE; THIS REFLECTS THE AMERICAN MIDDLE MAJOR AMERICAN POLTICAL PARTIES ARE COMPROMISE IN NATURE; THIS REFLECTS THE AMERICAN MIDDLE

7. DEVELOPMENT OF THE TWO- PARTY SYSTEM FEDRALIST V. ANTI- FEDERALIST FEDRALIST V. ANTI- FEDERALIST Federalist power faded after Adams’ defeat Federalist power faded after Adams’ defeat Anti-Federalists become Democratic Republicans Anti-Federalists become Democratic Republicans

8. DEVELOPMENT OF THE TWO PARTY-SYSTEM MONOPLOY OF POWER UNDER ANDREW JACKSON MONOPLOY OF POWER UNDER ANDREW JACKSON DEMOCRATS CONSOLIDATE ALL THREE BRANCHES DEMOCRATS CONSOLIDATE ALL THREE BRANCHES WHIG PARTY IS CREATED TO OPPOSE JACKSON WHIG PARTY IS CREATED TO OPPOSE JACKSON

9. DEVELOPMENT OF THE TWO- PARTY SYSTEM SLAVERY ISSUE UNITES NON- DEMOCRATS SLAVERY ISSUE UNITES NON- DEMOCRATS REPUBLICAN PARTY IS BORN FROM WHIGS, FREE SOILERS, ABOLITIONISTS, NATIONAL UNIONISTS AND OTHERS REPUBLICAN PARTY IS BORN FROM WHIGS, FREE SOILERS, ABOLITIONISTS, NATIONAL UNIONISTS AND OTHERS

10. ELECTION 1912 TEDDY ROOSEVELT TEDDY ROOSEVELT Runs as a third party candidate after failing to receive Republican nomination Runs as a third party candidate after failing to receive Republican nomination Played the spoiler role Played the spoiler role

11. DEVELOPMENT OF THE TWO- PARTY SYSTEM THE GREAT DEPRESSION THE GREAT DEPRESSION FDR and the Democrats decide that the Federal government is best suited to solve the nation’s problems FDR and the Democrats decide that the Federal government is best suited to solve the nation’s problems

12. ELECTION OF 1992 THIRD PARTY CANDIDATE ROSS PEROT WINS 20% OF THE POULAR VOTE THIRD PARTY CANDIDATE ROSS PEROT WINS 20% OF THE POULAR VOTE PLAYED SPOLIER PLAYED SPOLIER

13. ELECTION 2000 RALPH NADER RALPH NADER Third party candidate in Florida Third party candidate in Florida Played spoiler Played spoiler After Bush defeated Gore by 537 votes, Democrats blamed Nader’s 2% as the difference After Bush defeated Gore by 537 votes, Democrats blamed Nader’s 2% as the difference

14. PROPORTIONAL REPRESENTATION

15. HISTORY OF SUFFRAGE 15 TH AMENDMENT 15 TH AMENDMENT After the Civil War, African American men earn the right to vote After the Civil War, African American men earn the right to vote

16. HISTORY OF SUFRAGE 17 th Amendment Direction election of U.S. Senators 17 th Amendment Direction election of U.S. Senators

17. HISTORY OF SUFFRAGE 19 TH AMENDMENT 19 TH AMENDMENT Women earn the right to vote Women earn the right to vote

18. HISTORY OF SUFFRAGE 23 RD AMENDMENT 23 RD AMENDMENT Residents of Washington, D.C. given the right to vote in Presidential elections Residents of Washington, D.C. given the right to vote in Presidential elections

19. HISTORY OF SUFFRAGE 24 TH AMENDMENT 24 TH AMENDMENT Abolished Poll Taxes in Federal elections Abolished Poll Taxes in Federal elections

20. HISTORY OF SUFFRAGE 26 TH AMENDMENT 26 TH AMENDMENT Extended the right to vote to 18-20 year olds Extended the right to vote to 18-20 year olds Allowed them to vote for or against the Vietnam War Allowed them to vote for or against the Vietnam War

21. VOTING REQUIREMENTS U.S. CITIZEN U.S. CITIZEN 18 YEARS OLD 18 YEARS OLD RESIDENCY AND REGSTRATION REQUIREMENTS RESIDENCY AND REGSTRATION REQUIREMENTS

22. TYPES OF VOTERS PRACTICING VOTERS PRACTICING VOTERS Higher educational level Higher educational level Higher income wage earners Higher income wage earners Retirees Retirees

23. TYPES OF VOTERS NON-VOTERS NON-VOTERS Lower educational level Lower educational level Lower income wage earners Lower income wage earners Young people (18-25) Young people (18-25)

24. TYPES OF VOTERS CROSS-PRESSURED VOTERS CROSS-PRESSURED VOTERS Torn between candidates due to competing factors Torn between candidates due to competing factors Example: An Irish Catholic Businessman Example: An Irish Catholic Businessman

25. TYPES OF VOTERS STRAIGHT-PARTY TICKET VOTER STRAIGHT-PARTY TICKET VOTER Will vote strictly either Republican or Democrat Will vote strictly either Republican or Democrat

26. WEAK-PARTY AND INDEPENDENT VOTERS Moderates Moderates Statistics show that moderate and independent voters decide close elections Statistics show that moderate and independent voters decide close elections

27. VOTER PARTICIPATION INITIATIVE INITIATIVE Petition to make a law Petition to make a law

28. VOTER PARTICIPATION REFERENDUM REFERENDUM Gives voters a chance to approve or disapprove of a law passed by the legislative branch Gives voters a chance to approve or disapprove of a law passed by the legislative branch

29. VOTER PARTICIPATION RECALL RECALL Removal of elected officials by petition and special election Removal of elected officials by petition and special election

30. CAMPAIGN FINANCE LAWS POLITCAL ACTION COMMITTEES (PACs) POLITCAL ACTION COMMITTEES (PACs) Raise funds and sometimes campaign for like-minded candidates Raise funds and sometimes campaign for like-minded candidates SOFT MONEY SOFT MONEY Unregulated donation to state and local political parties Unregulated donation to state and local political parties