1. What Makes Nanoscience so Different? Nanoscience What Is It?

2. What Makes Nanoscience so Different? © McREL 2009 2 What units would be appropriate to measure the radii of atoms? Predict how many atoms you think a medium-sized nanoscale particle might contain. Nanoscience

3. What Makes Nanoscience so Different? © McREL 2009 3 5nm How many atoms with a radius of 5 x 10 -2 nanometers: Would fit on one 5 nm edge of this nanoparticle? Would this nanoparticle contain? 2 nm 1 nm Nanoscience

4. What Makes Nanoscience so Different? © McREL 2009 4 10-70,000 atoms 1 to 100 nm Nanoscience

5. What Makes Nanoscience so Different? © McREL 2009 5 C (s) 1 atom of Carbon CO 2(g) 1 molecule of Carbon dioxide → yields + O 2(g) Plus 1 molecule of Oxygen Read this equation Nanoscience

6. What Makes Nanoscience so Different? © McREL 2009 6 Type of Sample CharacteristicAtomic/ Molecule Samples Nanoparticle Samples Macro-sized Samples Number of atoms/ molecular units in sample 110 -70,000> 1 x 10 5 to multiples of moles 6.02 x 10 23 Comparing Types of Samples Nanoscience

7. What Makes Nanoscience so Different? © McREL 2009 7 CO 2(g) 1 mole of Carbon dioxide molecules → yields + O 2(g) plus 1 mole of Oxygen molecules C (s) 1 mole of Carbon atoms Read this equation Nanoscience

8. What Makes Nanoscience so Different? © McREL 2009 8 Type of Sample CharacteristicAtoms/ Molecules Nanoparticle Samples Macro-sized Samples Number of atoms/ molecular units in sample 110 -70,000> 1 x 10 5 to multiples of moles 6.02 x 10 23 What makes it different? Nanoscience

9. What Makes Nanoscience so Different? © McREL 2009 9 Did we work with any nanosized samples? Nanoscience Fewer than 70,000 atoms per particle?

10. What Makes Nanoscience so Different? © McREL 2009 10 CharacteristicAtoms/ Molecules NanoparticlesMacro-Sized Samples Number of atoms/ molecular units in sample 110 -70,000> 1 x 10 5 to multiples of moles 6.02 x 10 23 Size of particles in sample 3.5 x 10 -2 to 2.6 x 10 -1 nanometers/ atomic radius to 0.2–2 nm / molecule 1 to ≈ 100 nanometers >100 nm - ∞ nm Type of Sample Nanoscience

11. What Makes Nanoscience so Different? © McREL 2009 11 Type of Samples CharacteristicAtoms/ Molecules NanoparticlesMacro-sized Samples Number of atoms/ molecular units in sample 110 -70,000 (except for discrete structures) > 1 x 10 5 to multiples of moles 6.02 x 10 23 Size of particles in Sample 3.5 x 10 -2 to 2.6 x 10 -1 nanometers/ atomic radius to 0.2-2 nm / molecule 1 to ≈ 100 nanometers >100 nm - ∞ nm RegimeQuantum Chemistry Classical Laws of Physics (Newtonian) Nanoscience

12. What Makes Nanoscience so Different? © McREL 2009 12 Quantum Chemistry Electrons Classical Physics Satellites Motion and Position Descriptions Nanoscience

13. What Makes Nanoscience so Different? © McREL 2009 13 Quantum Chemistry Electrons Classical Physics Satellites Electrons do not “orbit” the nucleus. We use quantum chemistry to describe probability regions for finding an electron in an atom because it is not possible to simultaneously calculate both the position of the electron and its velocity. Electrons have “dual personalities,” they have both matter and wave characteristics. Electrons are in constant motion and in specific (quantum) energy states. They remain there unless affected by an external energy source. Satellites move in orbits around the Earth. We can determine precisely the orbit of a satellite and the velocity of that satellite. Satellites are matter. The motion of satellites follows the laws of classical physics. A satellite requires a force to put it in orbit and will fall back to Earth unless there is a periodic boost to counteract the Earth’s gravity. Nanoscience

14. What Makes Nanoscience so Different? © McREL 2009 14 CharacteristicAtoms/ Molecules NanoparticlesMacro-sized Samples Number of atoms/ molecular units in sample 1 10 -70,000 (except for discrete structures) > 1 x 10 5 to multiples of moles 6.02 x 10 23 Size of particles in sample 3.5 x 10 -2 to 2.6 x 10 -1 nanometers/ atomic radius to 0.2-2 nm / molecule 1 to ≈ 100 nanometers >100 nm - ∞ nm RegimeQuantum Chemistry ???Classical Laws of Physics Type of Sample Nanoscience

15. What Makes Nanoscience so Different? © McREL 2009 15 CharacteristicAtoms/MoleculesNanoparticlesMacro-sized Samples Number of atoms/ molecular units in sample 110 -70,000 (except for discrete structures) > 1 x 10 5 to multiples of moles 6.02 x 10 23 Size of particles in sample 3.5 x 10 -2 to 2.6 x 10 -1 nanometers/ atomic radius to ??? / molecule 1 to ≈ 100 nanometers >100 nm - ∞ nm RegimeQuantum Chemistry New or refined model? Classical Laws of Physics (Newtonian) Type of Sample Nanoscience

16. What Makes Nanoscience so Different? © McREL 2009 16 sometimes are not sure WHAT they are! Nanoscience

17. What Makes Nanoscience so Different? © McREL 2009 17 1.Compare nanoparticles to atoms/ molecules and macrosamples (Number of Units/Sample, Size, Regime). 2.What types of instruments do you think are needed to investigate nanoparticles? Making Connections

18. What Makes Nanoscience so Different? © McREL 2009 18 Lesson 1.2 What Makes Nanoscience so Different? What makes Nanoscience so different? Compare Newtonian and Quantum Chemistry Regimes as they relate to nanoscale science Lesson 1.3 What Makes Nanoscience so Important? Lesson 3.1 Carbon Chemistry Lesson 1.1 What is Nanoscience? What is Nanoscience? Examine and Compare size: macro, micro, sub- micro (nano) SI prefixes Lesson 2.2 Extendable Solids: Reactivity, Catalysis, Adsorption Lesson 2.3 Extendable Structures: Melting Point, Color Conductivity Lesson 3.2 Fullerenes and Nanotubes Lesson 2.1 Extendable Solids Poster Assessment Module Flow Chart