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The Anglo-Saxon Era 449 - 1066 Glory in Battle. The Anglo-Saxon Era 449 - 1066 Celts & Britons – original inhabitants Celts & Britons – original inhabitants.

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Presentation on theme: "The Anglo-Saxon Era 449 - 1066 Glory in Battle. The Anglo-Saxon Era 449 - 1066 Celts & Britons – original inhabitants Celts & Britons – original inhabitants."— Presentation transcript:

1 The Anglo-Saxon Era 449 - 1066 Glory in Battle

2 The Anglo-Saxon Era 449 - 1066 Celts & Britons – original inhabitants Celts & Britons – original inhabitants 449 – Angles, Saxons & Jutes settled in England from North; Danes invaded later (Germanic) 449 – Angles, Saxons & Jutes settled in England from North; Danes invaded later (Germanic) Pagan – worshipped Germanic gods and fate Pagan – worshipped Germanic gods and fate Romans  Christianity  books Romans  Christianity  books Oral tradition recorded by Christian monks Oral tradition recorded by Christian monks Characteristics of poetry: Characteristics of poetry: –Subjects: Glory, battle, treasure, ocean travel, Fate –Tone: Heroic, tragic, bellicose –Form: Narrative, alliterative poetry (not rhyming) Kenning – 2 words in place of 1 (whale-road, life house)

3 Anglo-Saxon Literature The Book of Kells

4 The Invasions

5 The Medieval Period The Age of Chivalry The Age of Chivalry

6 The Medieval Period 1066 - 1485 1066 – Norman Conquest: William the Conquerer brought French language, customs (chivalry) and government (feudalism) 1066 – Norman Conquest: William the Conquerer brought French language, customs (chivalry) and government (feudalism) Feudalism = 3 classes: nobility, clergy, peasantry; religion dominated Feudalism = 3 classes: nobility, clergy, peasantry; religion dominated Legends – King Arthur and Robin Hood Legends – King Arthur and Robin Hood 1348-49 – Plague killed 1/3 European pop. 1348-49 – Plague killed 1/3 European pop.

7 Medieval Legends

8 The Medieval Ballad Form: Narrative poem; originated in oral tradition; often set to music, usually quatrains (abcb) Form: Narrative poem; originated in oral tradition; often set to music, usually quatrains (abcb) Subjects: Loyalty, Christianity, battle, chivalry (focus is on plot only) Subjects: Loyalty, Christianity, battle, chivalry (focus is on plot only) Tone: Usually tragic, often supernatural, dutiful, heroic Tone: Usually tragic, often supernatural, dutiful, heroic

9 The Renaissance 1485 – 1660 Rebirth of Knowledge

10 The Renaissance 1485 – 1660 “Rebirth” of classical knowledge moved north from Italy “Rebirth” of classical knowledge moved north from Italy Tudor Dynasty – patrons of arts and sciences Tudor Dynasty – patrons of arts and sciences Gutenburg and Caxton increased literacy Gutenburg and Caxton increased literacy Reformation split church – Protestant / Catholic Reformation split church – Protestant / Catholic Highly structured & stylized designs in art & lit. Highly structured & stylized designs in art & lit. Characteristics of poetry: Characteristics of poetry: Form: Lyric poem, highly stylized – every syllable counts Form: Lyric poem, highly stylized – every syllable counts Subject: Ideal love, classical allusions Subject: Ideal love, classical allusions Tone: Respectful, impassioned, dutiful Tone: Respectful, impassioned, dutiful

11 Medieval v. Renaissance Art

12 The Sonnet Most popular form of poetry in Renaissance Most popular form of poetry in Renaissance Meter: Iambic Pentameter Meter: Iambic Pentameter Rhyme Scheme: Rhyme Scheme: Petrarchan / Italian – first form: ABBA ABBA CDDC CC Petrarchan / Italian – first form: ABBA ABBA CDDC CC Octet – First 8 lines, sets up the story Octet – First 8 lines, sets up the story Sestet – Second 6 lines, tells feelings / actions / outcomes Sestet – Second 6 lines, tells feelings / actions / outcomes Adapted by Shakespeare to form English sonnet: ABAB CDCD EFEF GG Adapted by Shakespeare to form English sonnet: ABAB CDCD EFEF GG

13 The Enlightenment 1660 - 1798 The Age of Reason The Age of Reason

14 The Enlightenment 1660 - 1798 Newton’s discovery and others led to focus on rationalism, science, knowledge Newton’s discovery and others led to focus on rationalism, science, knowledge Believed people are naturally good and must do good deeds – social reform, restraint, control, order Believed people are naturally good and must do good deeds – social reform, restraint, control, order Neoclassism – influenced by classical cultures Neoclassism – influenced by classical cultures Satire (humor + morality) flourished Satire (humor + morality) flourished Characteristics of poetry: Characteristics of poetry: Tone: Logical, reasonable Tone: Logical, reasonable Form: Strict rhyme scheme—often couplets Form: Strict rhyme scheme—often couplets Subjects: man and his role in the world, classical allusion Subjects: man and his role in the world, classical allusion

15 The Romantics 1780 - 1830 Nature, Imagination & the Common Man Nature, Imagination & the Common Man

16 The Romantics 1798 - 1832  Lyrical Ballads written by Wordsworth and Coleridge  3 Revolutions: Industrial, French, American  Reaction against Enlightenment  Poetry – “the spontaneous overflow of powerful emotions recollected in tranquility”  Characteristics of poetry: –Subjects: Middle Ages, nature, mysterious and supernatural events, common man, rebellion –Form: Often lyric with looser rhymes –Tone: Spontaneous, rebellious, imaginative, mysterious

17 Enlightenment v. Romantic Art

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20 The Victorian Age 1830 - 1880 The Duty to Lead the World

21 The Victorian Age 1830 - 1880 Optimism caused by strong navy, growing economy, technical progress Anxiety caused by Darwin’s theory & geological discoveries that challenged religious thought Duty to enlarge the Empire led to self-discipline, strict control, “stiff upper lip” Characteristics of poetry: Subjects: Duty, modernization, imperialization, reform, British Empire Form: Lyric, dramatic or narrative w/ strict rhymes Tone: Controlled, disciplined

22 The British Empire

23 The Modern Era 1905 - Present Fragmentation and Globalization

24 The Modern Era 1905 - Present  1905 – Einstein’s theory of relativity abolished absolutes  Women’s Rights movement changed / stressed the relationships between sexes  Nuclear bomb, wars, scandals of 60s and 70s led to paranoia  Characteristics of poetry: Form: Loosened forms, informal style, conversational tone, layered w/ meaningForm: Loosened forms, informal style, conversational tone, layered w/ meaning Subjects: Consciousness, time, movement, nebulous modern lifeSubjects: Consciousness, time, movement, nebulous modern life Tone: angry, lonely, apatheticTone: angry, lonely, apathetic

25 Modern Art

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