1. Chapter 2
You do not take notes on slides outlined in red

2. Chapter 2 Overview Physical Science Refresher Water pH Quest / pH lab
Polymerization
Carbohydrates
Carbohydrate lab
Lipids/proteins/nucleic acids
Macromolecules
Protein modeling
Enzymes and Reactions
Quest/Enzyme lab

3. Define me! Atom- Element- Isotope- Compound- Ionic Compound- Ion-
Covalent Compound-

4. Atomic Basics
Focus on outer electrons
Metals-left
Nonmetals-right

5. Bonding Basics Ionic Bond Covalent Bond Metal / nonmetal Creates ions
Give/take electrons
Covalent Bond
2+ nonmetals
No ions
Share electrons

6. PROCESS BOX 2-1
Despite the fact that ionic bonding and covalent bonding treat their electrons very differently, what similarities do they have in regard to the end result?
3 LINE MINIMUM!

7. Other forces Polar covalent bonds Hydrogen Bonds Van der Waals Forces
Uneven sharing of electrons
Hydrogen Bonds
H and O or N
Van der Waals Forces
Very weak bonds
Only close contact

8. Bonding

9. PROCESS BOX 2-2
The vast majority of compounds in your body are made of the elements C,H,O,P,S, and N. Is most of our body the result of ionic or covalent bonds? Explain.
3 LINE MINIMUM!

11. Properties of Water Water has 6 important properties Polarity
Hydrogen bonding
Adhesion
Cohesion
Universal Solvent
High Specific Heat

12. Water Properties Foldable
For each of the following 6 properties of water you will be expected to:
Label the Property
Draw a Picture depicting that property
Define or describe that property
Explain why that property is important to life
Your foldable is to be constructed in the following way:
Fold two pieces of paper longwise (landscape orientation or “hotdog fold”).
Staple them together as close to the top as possible

13. Water Properties Foldable
Front Cover—Water Properties (with your name)
Other side—Water Structure
Page 2 Polarity H-bonding
Page 3 Cohesion Adhesion
Page 4 Solvent Specific Heat
Left Side Right Side
For each Property “Flap”
Property
Definition
Importance
To Life

14. PROCESS BOX 2-3
Pick two of the water properties discussed and explain how we simply could not function/exist without them
4 LINE MINIMUM!

15. The pH Scale Reads from 0-14 Measures [H+] Mastery?
0-7 acid; 7 neutral; 8-14 base
Acid
Base
Neutral
Mastery?

16. PROCESS BOX 2-3
Our body needs to be between a pH of 6.5 and 7.5 to normally function. How can you eat a grapefruit for breakfast and not get ill?
2 LINE MINIMUM!

17. DEHYDRATION SYNTHESIS
HYDROLYSIS
MONOMERS and POLYMERS
MONOMER
POLYMER

18. From Small to Big… Dehydration Synthesis Meaning? What happens?
ANIMATION 1
ANIMATION 2

19. …and Big to Small Hydrolysis Meaning? What happens? ANIMATION 1

20. Sketch it out Mastery? Dehydration Synthesis Needed? Hydrolysis

21. PROCESS BOX 2-4
In digestion, both dehydration synthesis and hydrolysis are used. Explain when each process would happen in your body and what it would do.
4 LINE MINIMUM!

22. Biomolecules
The Big 4
Carbohydrates
Lipids
Nucleic Acids
Proteins

23. FEMPS For the biomolecules You will need to know Function Elements
Monomers
Polymers
Structure
FEMPS

25. Carbohydrates
Function
Elements
Monomers
Polymers
Structure

26. REMEMBER: CARBON WATER
Carbohydrates
Other Carbohydrate Facts
REMEMBER: CARBON WATER

28. Lipids
Function
Elements
Monomers
Polymers
Structure

29. Lipids
Other Lipid Facts

31. PROCESS BOX 2-6
Carbohydrates and Lipids both contain the same basic elements. They are both also used for energy storage, but they energy store differently. Look at their structures and predict why this is possible
2 LINE MINIMUM!

32. Proteins
Function
Elements
Monomers
Polymers
Structure

33. REMEMBER: PROTEINS PERFORM
Other Protein Facts
REMEMBER: PROTEINS PERFORM

35. Nucleic Acids
Function
Elements
Monomers
Polymers
Structure

36. Nucleic Acids
Other Nucleic Acid Facts

38. ATP Special subgroup of DNA Provides energy for reactions
ADP  v. ATP 

39. PROCESS BOX 2-7
PREDICT: There is a compound called adenosine monophosphate (AMP). Knowing what you know about ADP and ATP, predict the energy level of AMP.
2 LINE MINIMUM!

40. Mastery?

41. ATP
Nucleic Acids
Proteins
Lipids
Carbohydrates

42. Chemical Reactions
Bonds
React to Produce

43. Activation Energy Activation Energy is the Energy to Activate! Absorb
Release
Activation Energy is
the Energy to Activate!

44. Enzymes
Function
How?
Affected by:

45. PROCESS BOX 2-7
Scientists use the “Lock and Key” analogy to describe how an enzyme works. Using the picture below, create a caption that mentions “lock and key”
2 LINE MINIMUM!