1. CROBECO Different Perspectives

2. Faculteit der Rechtsgeleerdheid / Faculty of Law Different Perspectives I. Introduction –Different perspectives Technical (land registrars) Formal (notaries, solicitors) Economic (EU services market) –Blurring of functions –From form to substance

3. Faculteit der Rechtsgeleerdheid / Faculty of Law Different Perspectives II. Land registration – From national to international (1) –Traditionally: Focus on local (national) law –Land (physical property) as a persons most valuable asset –Private international law: Lex rei sitae

4. Faculteit der Rechtsgeleerdheid / Faculty of Law Different Perspectives II. Land registration – From national to international (2) –Four important developments (a): De-physicalisation of property Contractualisation of property law –Example: securitisation

5. Faculteit der Rechtsgeleerdheid / Faculty of Law Different Perspectives II. Land registration – From national to international (3) –Four important developments (b): The rise of Information Technology (Internet) Economic integration and the resulting –Mobilisation of persons, services, goods and capital –Legal integration (positive and negative)

6. Faculteit der Rechtsgeleerdheid / Faculty of Law Different Perspectives II. Land registration – From national to international (4) –The rise of Internet (1) EULIS (www.eulis.eu)www.eulis.eu –Intensifying cooperation through ELRA (www.elra.eu)www.elra.eu E-Justice Portal (e-justice.europa.eu)e-justice.europa.eu –Cooperation with European notariats: www.successions-europe.eu www.successions-europe.eu

7. Faculteit der Rechtsgeleerdheid / Faculty of Law Different Perspectives II. Land registration – From national to international (5) –The rise of Internet (2) Access to data creates a desire to make these data productive, particularly in light of the growing mobility More freely available general information will result in a decreasing need to obtain information from specialists

8. Faculteit der Rechtsgeleerdheid / Faculty of Law Different Perspectives II. Land registration – From national to international (6) –The rise of Internet (3) Risk: Too much information available or incapable of evaluating specific needs Specialists (notaries, solicitors and land registrars) are still necessary, not because of a specific formal role, but because of their expert knowledge and experience

9. Faculteit der Rechtsgeleerdheid / Faculty of Law Different Perspectives III. Economic integration (1) –EU, EEA and EFTA –The economic constitution of the EU Classical liberal freedoms (contract, property, profession and education, business type) The four freedoms of the internal market: persons, services, goods and capital

10. Faculteit der Rechtsgeleerdheid / Faculty of Law Different Perspectives III. Economic integration (2) –Freedom of establishment results in freedom of services and capital –The existence of the Euro-zone reinforces this process –European economic integration: an autonomous process?

11. Faculteit der Rechtsgeleerdheid / Faculty of Law Different Perspectives III. Economic integration (3) –Freedom to provide services Who is a service provider? –Notaries –Solicitors –Land registrars

12. Faculteit der Rechtsgeleerdheid / Faculty of Law Different Perspectives III. Economic integration (4) –Freedom of capital Role of capital providers (especially banks) Euro-mortgage (eurobonds?)

13. Faculteit der Rechtsgeleerdheid / Faculty of Law Different Perspectives IV. The EU legal map (1) –Major legal traditions Continental law (various subtraditions) Common law Mixed legal systems –Conveyancing experts Notaries, solicitors, land registrars

14. Faculteit der Rechtsgeleerdheid / Faculty of Law Different Perspectives IV. The EU legal map (2) –Although legal diversity exists, still a common framework: Leading principles and ground rules Coveyancing experts act in the interest of parties and the general public (preserving the correctness of the land registry)

15. Faculteit der Rechtsgeleerdheid / Faculty of Law Different Perspectives IV. The EU legal map (3) –(Draft) Common Frame of Reference (now: Draft EU Sales Law) –EU mortgage law –EU private international law (sales law, matrimonial property, succession) –Full faith and credit of deeds?

16. Faculteit der Rechtsgeleerdheid / Faculty of Law Different Perspectives V. CROBECO (1) –Purpose: promote cross border transfer of land and cross border creation of mortgages –Developing protocols, checklists, multilingual deeds, standard clauses; promoting secure electronic deeds traffic –Perhaps: add databases with relevant local information?

17. Faculteit der Rechtsgeleerdheid / Faculty of Law Different Perspectives V. CROBECO (2) –Project is of a technical nature and is not aimed at changing national law or the role of conveyancing experts, but intends to Make the available information accessible and usable for cross-border transfers Is the result of the combined impact of IT and economic integration

18. Faculteit der Rechtsgeleerdheid / Faculty of Law Different Perspectives V. CROBECO (3) –Deed must be valid in all relevant jurisdictions –Taking into account differences in Transfer systems (consensual/traditio, causal/abstract) Land registration sytems

19. Faculteit der Rechtsgeleerdheid / Faculty of Law Different Perspectives V. CROBECO (4): –Different laws may apply to the conveyancing process (a) Sale –Choice of law (Rome I) –Culpa in contrahendo (Rome II) –Jurisdiction and enforcement (Brussels I)

20. Faculteit der Rechtsgeleerdheid / Faculty of Law Different Perspectives V. CROBECO (5) –Different laws may apply to the conveyancing process (b) Transfer/Mortgage: –Lex rei sitae –Culpa in contrahendo –Jurisdiction and enforcement

21. Faculteit der Rechtsgeleerdheid / Faculty of Law Different Perspectives V. CROBECO (6) –Different laws may apply to the conveyancing process (c) Lex rei sitae as loi dapplication universelle? Does the lex rei sitae discard the freedom of parties to choose the applicable law? Does the lex rei sitae thus violate EU law?

22. Faculteit der Rechtsgeleerdheid / Faculty of Law Different Perspectives V. CROBECO (7) –Different laws may apply to the transfer process (d) Role of conveyancing experts Responsibility (deontology) Liability regimes

23. Faculteit der Rechtsgeleerdheid / Faculty of Law Different Perspectives VI. Concluding remarks –Information technology and economic integration result in a changing view on the role of conveyancing experts –Formal roles become less important: Relevant are knowledge and experience –Continuing cooperation between the various conceyancing experts is therefore a conditio sine qua non in the interests of parties and the public at large –Knowledge of national law is still of enormous importance, but also a basic understanding of EU law, p.i.l. and of (neighbouring) legal systems