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Native Americans of Virginia
4th Grade VA Studies
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1492 Christopher Columbus Called the people he found in the lands he (discovered) explored “Indians,” because he thought he was in the Indies (near China).
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Artifacts Such as arrowheads, pottery, and other tools that have been found tell a lot about the people who lived in Virginia.
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Map of Virginia in 1624
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3 Major Language Groups of VA Native Americans
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Algonquian Language Algonquian language spoken in the Tidewater. Tribe to remember the Powhatan Indians. Algonquian language spoken by the Indians. This is the Algonquian group!
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Siouan Language Siouan language spoken in the Piedmont. Tribe to remember the Monacan Indians. Siouan language spoken by the Indians. This is the Siouan group!
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Iroquoian Language Iroquoian language spoken in the southwest. Tribe to remember the Cherokee Indians. Iroquoian language spoken by the Indians. This is the Iroquoian group!
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Virginian Indians Song (to the tune of "Ten Little Indians")
Algonquian language spoken in the Tidewater. A Tribe to remember: the Powhatan Indians. Algonquian language spoken by the Indians. A D This is the Algonquian group.
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Siouan language spoken in the Piedmont. A
Tribe to remember, the Monacan Indians. Siouan language spoken by the Indians. A D This is the Siouan group.
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Iroquoian language spoken in the southwest. A
D Iroquoian language spoken in the southwest. A Tribe to remember: the Cherokee Indians. Iroquoian language spoken by the Indians. A D This is the Iroquoian group.
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Climate and Environment
Virginia’s American Indians interacted (worked with) the climate and the environment to meet their basic needs.
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What are some characteristics of Virginia’s climate?
Relatively mild with distinct seasons (which result in a variety of vegetation) Spring Summer Fall Winter
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Eastern Woodland Indians
Forests, which have a variety of trees, cover most of the land. Virginia’s Indians are referred to as Eastern Woodland Indians.
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Longhouse Project Saplings and leaves Twigs and sticks Cardboard
Brown pipe cleaners Pieces of fur/leather/cotton balls Rubber bands Rope Bark pieces Shoe boxes
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What are some ways Virginia’s American Indians related to the climate and interacted with their environment to meet their basic needs?
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Environmental Connections
The kinds of foods they ate, the clothing they wore, and the shelters they had depended upon the seasons. Foods changed with the seasons.
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Foldable
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Winter VA Native Americans hunted birds and animals and lived on stored foods from the previous fall.
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Spring VA Native Americans hunted, fished, and picked berries.
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Fishing in the Spring
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Summer VA Native Americans grew crops C = corn B = beans S = squash
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Fall VA Native Americans harvested crops
Hunted for foods to preserve and keep for the winter
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Clothing Animal skins (deerskin) were used for clothing.
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Shelter Made from materials around them. Longhouses
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Native peoples of the past farmed, hunted, and fished
Native peoples of the past farmed, hunted, and fished. They made homes using natural resources. They used animal skins for clothing in the winter.
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Project Each student will get 2 paper plates.
On 1 paper plate, draw lines on it to make 4 parts on it. In each part, write the name of the season (winter, fall, spring, or summer) and list the ways that the Native Americans would get their food during each season. (Use your notes!)
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8 State Recognized Tribes Rap
Virginia has state recognized tribes There are 8 of them—now get the vibe Chick-Chick-Chickahominy that is first East Chickahominy—excitement to burst Mattaponi that a river names Nansemond tribe—claim to fame Pamunkey tribe, please don’t forget Rappahannock –not done yet Upper Mattaponi picked berries for pie Monacan tribe—don’t ask me why… These are the Virginia state recognized tribes! Word!
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Ugly Chicken Monsters Eat Macaroni Noodles Rather Perfectly
Upper Mattaponi Chickahominy Mattaponi Eastern Chickahominy Monacan Nansemond Rappahannock Pamunkey Color each box and the arrow with a tribe name a different color on your map!
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Powhatan Confederacy Capital city = Werowocomoco
Included most of the tribes in the Coastal Plain region of Virginia (Pamunkey and Mattaponi, etc.)
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Werowocomoco Largest Indian town used by Indian leaders for several hundred years BEFORE the English came. In 1607, when the settlers arrived it was the headquarters for the leader of Powhatan.
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Rediscovery of Werowocomoco
Documented by Jamestown settlers in 1608. Rediscovered in 1977! Excavations at the site since 2003 have revealed evidence of a large village, including two 200-foot (61 m)-long, curved, earthwork ditches built 1,000 feet (300 m) from the river bank about 1400, two hundred years before English settlement.[3]
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Review Game What language was spoken in the Coastal Plain?
Three Language Groups of Virginia What language was spoken in the Coastal Plain?
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Review Game What language was spoken in the Piedmont? Three Language
Groups of Virginia What language was spoken in the Piedmont?
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Review Game Three Language Groups of Virginia What language was spoken in the southern regions of Virginia?
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Review Game Three Language Groups of Virginia What tribe lived in the southern regions (orange) of Virginia?
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Review Game What tribe lived in the Piedmont region of Virginia?
Three Language Groups of Virginia What tribe lived in the Piedmont region of Virginia?
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Review Game What tribe lived in the Coastal Plain region of Virginia?
Three Language Groups of Virginia What tribe lived in the Coastal Plain region of Virginia?
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What is the term for arrowheads, pottery, and other tools that have been found in Virginia?
A. Artifacts B. Archaeologists C. Werowocomoco
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Who dig up and examine artifacts?
A. Tribes B. Archaeologists C. Scientists
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Virginia’s Indians are known as ____?
A. Eastern Plains Indians B. Eastern Woodland Indians C. Southern Indians
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Do American Indians still exist today?
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The food they ate, the clothing they wore and shelters they had depended upon the ______.
A. Season B. Stores C. Weather D. Trading with settlers
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What was used for clothing?
A. Buffalo skin B. Deer skin C. Cloth D. Leaves
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What was used to make homes?
A. Natural resources B. Bricks C. Buffalo skin D. Clay
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_______ was the large Indian town near Jamestown.
A. Wereowompan B. Werowocomoco C. Richmond D. Siouan
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What famous person lived at the Indian city mentioned in the slide before?
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Native American Reader’s Theater
VA Native Americans Audience’s Job: Draw a web with at least 8 different parts with key words or ideas that you hear or learn about from the Reader’s Theater.
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