2. Length: distance between two points meter (m) Mass: how much matter something has gram (g) Volume: how much space something takes up liter (L) Temperature: how warm or cold something is degrees Celsius (°C)

3. Prefixes + standard base unit Centi + meter = Centimeter Kilo + liter = Kiloliter

4. The three most common prefixes: kilo centi milli kilohectodeca Base Units m/g/L decicentimilli

5. Scale moves in multiplications of 10 Example: Centimeters are 10 times larger than millimeters 1 centimeter (cm) = 10 millimeters (mm) kilohectodeca Base Units m/g/L decicentimilli

6. Centimeters are 10 times larger than millimeters It takes more millimeters for the same length

7. For each “step” right, multiply by 10 Trick: move the decimal point one place to the right for each “step” desired Example: change meters to centimeters 1.00 meter = 10.0 decimeters = 100. centimeters kilohectodeca Base Units m decicentimilli

8. For each “step” left, divide by 10 Trick: move the decimal point one place to the left for each “step” desired Example: change meters to kilometers 1100 meters = 110.0 decameters = 11.0 hectometers = 1.1 kilometers kilohectodeca Base Units m decicentimilli

9. If you move to the left in the diagram, move the decimal to the left If you move to the right in the diagram, move the decimal to the right kilohectodeca Base Units m/g/L decicentimilli

10. Measurement

11. How do scientists measure… … mass? Scale

12. How do scientists measure… … mass? What is the basic unit for mass? gram (g) Scale

13. How do scientists measure… … length/height? Ruler

14. How do scientists measure… … length/height? What is the basic unit for length/height? meter (m) Ruler

15. How do scientists measure… … temperature? Thermometer

16. How do scientists measure… … temperature? Basic unit for temp? degrees Celsius (C) Thermometer

17. How do scientists measure… … the volume of a liquid? Flask Beaker Graduated Cylinder

18. How do scientists measure… … volume of a liquid? –Flask, beaker, graduated cylinder What is the basic unit for liquid volume? liter (L)

19. Which is best for measuring liquid volume?

20. Why is it the best? ACCURACY

21. What is accuracy? What does it mean to measure something accurately?

22. What is the difference between accuracy and precision? If your measurements are accurate, are they precise? If you measurements are precise, are they accurate?

23. Accuracy vs. Precision The more ACCURATE a measurement is, the closer it is to the TRUE/CORRECT/EXACT value. The more PRECISE a measurement is, the more REPRODUCIBLE/ REPEATABLE it is.

24. Accuracy vs. Precision

25. High Accuracy, Low Precision Low Accuracy, High Precision

26. Another Way of Looking At It

27. ACCURATELY reading volume: Where should you be looking?

28. meniscus

29. How big is BIG? How small is SMALL? NumberSci. Not.Unit PrefixAbbreviation 1,000,000,000,000 10 12 teraT 1,000,000,000 10 9 gigaG 1,000,000 10 6 megaM 1,000 10 ? ?? 0.01 10 -? ?? 0.001 10 -? ?? 0.000,001 10 -6 microµ 0.000,000,001 10 -9 nanon 0.000,000,000,001 10 -12 picop

30. How big is BIG? How small is SMALL? NumberSci. Not.Unit PrefixAbbreviation 1,000,000,000,000 10 12 teraT 1,000,000,000 10 9 gigaG 1,000,000 10 6 megaM 1,000 10 3 kilok 0.01 10 -2 centic 0.001 10 -3 millim 0.000,001 10 -6 microµ 0.000,000,001 10 -9 nanon 0.000,000,000,001 10 -12 picop

31. Unit Conversions You know your height in feet/inches. How can you convert this to meters/centimeters? DIMENSIONAL ANALYSIS