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Gas Laws
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Background The gas laws treat gases as ideal In ideal gases, each molecule has no volume and there is no attraction between molecules.
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Pressure The Earth’s air is called atmosphere. This air exerts a force called pressure. Pressure is the amount of force exerted per unit of area. P=F/A Pressure is measured in Pascal (Pa). 1 Pa is a force of one N/ sq. meter. At sea level, atm. pressure is 101.3kPa
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Atmosphere The atmosphere from the Earth’s surface to 16Km is called the troposphere. Gases that are in this area are- nitrogen, oxygen, argon, carbon dioxide, and water vapor. Colliding particles create air pressure in every square meter of the troposphere.
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Factors Affecting Gas Pressure Amount of gas Give an example of how this factor affects pressure and draw it Volume Give an example of how this factor affects pressure and draw it Temperature Give an example of how this factor affects pressure and draw it
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Boyle’s Law Decrease volume, the pressure increases. No temperature change. Make a space smaller but still contains the same amount the particles hit walls more and faster. Particles don’t have as far to go. P 1 X V 1 = P 2 x V 2
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Drawing of Law Draw an example of this law in action. Use at least four colors. Draw on a left page
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Charles Law Volume increases as temperature increases. No pressure change. More energy: faster and more movement. Causing the walls of the container to be forced out if they are moveable. Charles's calculated the temperature which a gas would have no volume. Temperature is –273 o C absolute zero. Lord Kelvin.
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Charles’s Law V 1 / T 1 = V 2 /T 2 Always convert temperature to Kelvin The degrees of Celsius is added to 273 to find Kelvin
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Drawing of Law Draw an example of this law in action. Use at least four colors. Draw on a left page
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Boyle’s Law vs. Charles Law Boyles Law When under pressure, a person may be near the boiling point. Relates pressure to Boyle. Charles Law Remember that the letter “C” is in both Celsius and Charles. This law has to do with temperature.
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Gay-Lussac’s Law P 1 /T 1 = P 2 / T 2 Pressure is directly related to Temperature Volume is constant
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Drawing of Law Draw an example of this law in action. Use at least four colors. Draw on a left page
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Combined Gas Law Try to remember all the laws and their equations is difficult so if you put them together then you get Combined gas law. P 1 x V 1 = P 2 x V 2 T 1 T 2
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Animation Gas AnimationGas Animation
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Practice Problems Pg. 335 Show your work for problems 10 and 11 Practice Problems pg. 337 Show your work for problems 12 and 13 Practice Problems pg.338 Show work for problem14 and 15 Practice Problem pg. 340 Show work for 16 and 17
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Ideal Gas Law P x V = n x R x T R is a constant 8.31 n is moles
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