1. Colonial America

2. First Settlement, 1607 Jamestown, Virginia 104 citizens from England settled Most died within the first 5 years (They didn’t know how to farm and weren’t listening to the Native Americans that were trying to teach them.)

3. 1620 Europeans from Plymouth, England board The Mayflower to travel to the New World The dangerous journey will take 2 months No hot water Eat salt horse (salted beef, pork, or fish) Travelers are looking for freedom or seek adventure/to start a new life Laws of the ship were from the Mayflower Compact (they set up their own government)

4. The Mayflower, 1620

5. Pilgrims Pilgrim means someone who goes on a long journey December 11, 1620: They landed in what is now Plymouth, Massachusetts 101 passengers when they left England 102 when they arrived. Two babies were born and one passenger died en route They met 2 Wampanoag Native Americans, Squanto and Samoset They taught the Pilgrims to hunt and fish and how to plant corn.

6. New England Colonies Connecticut (1636): Thomas Hooker and his followers leave Massachusetts. Allowed non-church member MEN vote Rhode Island (1636): Roger Williams takes his followers to Providence. Separated church and state. Practiced religious toleration. New Hampshire (1680): separated from Massachusetts

7. New England Economy Few farms with cash crops, bad soil, no need for slaves Merchants traded with all others and became leaders of the community Fishing Shipbuilding Skilled craftspeople (Apprentices: young boys who learned a trade. They lived with the master craftsman.)

8. Middle Colonies New York and New Jersey: Founded by the Dutch in 1613. New Netherland became New York. Penn’s Colony: Quakers-believe in equality of men and women. Supported non-violence and religious toleration. Most hated group in England and the colonies. William Penn – Founder of Pennsylvania (1681)

9. Middle Economy Staple crops: wheat, barley, and oats 135,000 indentured servants Trade was important. Slaves were important. Women ran farms, businesses. Nurses and midwives. Managed the household.

10. Southern Colonies Virginia: John Smith takes control in 1608. Rewards systems for hard workers. Colony struggles until they learn to grow tobacco African slaves arrive in 1619 Maryland: Charter granted to Lord Baltimore in 1632. A place for Catholics to have religious freedom. Georgia: founded by James Oglethorpe in 1733. A place for debtors.

11. Southern Economy Agriculture Warm climate = long growing season Cash crops (crops grown for profit): rice, indigo, tobacco Slavery was the main labor force

12. 13 Colonies

13. Think About It… If you chose to leave your home country to set up a new life, would you want to be controlled by your home country?? What would you bring on your journey? What colony would you prefer?