1. INCOME UNDER THE HEAD “SALARIES” (Sec 15,16 & 17)
Pushpendra Sharma S 42
S Vijay Bhaskar S 49
VS Arun Kumar S 66

2. What is salary? Employer and Employee relationship
May be more than one source
Foregoing salary is salary income
Tax free salary should include the tax paid
by the employee

3. Key Determinants
Place of accrual: Salary will be deemed to accrue or arise where services are rendered
Sec 10(7): For Government employees (Indian citizens) any perquisites or allowance received outside India, shall be exempt
Surrender of Salary to Central Govt: No Tax
Forgoing of Salary: Taxable in the hands of employee

4. EMPLOYER AND EMPLOYEE RELATION
The relationship of a master and servant, distinctly different from that between a principal and agent
Degree of control of the employer over the employee would be a deciding factor as agent is generally not under the complete control and supervision of his principal
Emoluments received by MP/ MLA not taxable under the head "Salary" due to absence of employer and employee relationship

5. Basis of Charge (Sec 15)
Salary is chargeable to tax when it is due to be paid, whether it is paid or not
Salary is chargeable to tax when any amount is paid, whether it is due or not
Arrears of salary is chargeable to tax in the year in which these arrears are paid or allowed to the employee

6. Salary includes-
wages
any annuity or Pension
any gratuity
any fees, commission, perquisites
profits in lieu of salary
any advance of salary
Employers contribution to RPF in excess of 12% and interest credited in excess of 9.5%
Leave salary

7. House Rent Allowance The least of the following is exempt from tax:
1. 50% of Salary where the assessee lives in Mumbai, Delhi ,Chennai & Calcutta and 40% in other cases
2. Actual HRA received
3. Excess of rent paid over 10% of Salary.
(Salary for HRA means basic salary , commission if based on fixed percentage of sale & DA ,if it is part of retirement benefits)
Remember acronym B+C+D

8. Allowances
Conveyance: Exempted upto Rs.800 per month if used for travel between home and place of work (in special cases Rs1600 per month)
Medical expenses: Exempted when it is a reimbursement of actual expenses upto Rs Beyond this limit, it is taxable.
Fixed Medical allowance is taxable
City compensatory allowance is taxable in all cases
Tiffin allowance: It is fully taxable
Tea & snacks during office hours are not charged to tax as perquisite while free meals in excess of Rs 50 per meal is a perquisite
Servant allowances: It is fully taxable
Gifts: Perquisite in respect of gift where it is below Rs.5000, the value is taken as nil

9. PENSION 1.Pension from UNO – Is not chargeable to tax
2.Pension received by the family of armed forces Is not chargeable to tax
3.Family pension received by family members after death of employee
Taxable in the hands of recipient as income from other sources
Uncommuted Pension Govt/Non Govt Employee Taxable
Commuted Pension Govt Employee Exempt
Commuted Pension Non Govt Employee Fully/Partly Exempt

10. COMMUTED PENSION (cont.)
Central /state Govt, Local authority employee
Non Govt. Employee
With or without
Gratuity
Gratuity is received
Gratuity is not
received
Exempted
Fully
1/3 of normal
½ of normal
is exempted

11. Pension Scheme for Employees joining Central Govt
Pension Scheme for Employees joining Central Govt. or Other Employers after January 1, 2004
Contribution by Employer is added to salary
Employers contribution along with the Employees contribution to Pension fund is deductible U/S 80CCD

12. Leave Encashment
GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEES GETTING LEAVE ENCASHMENT AT TIME OF RETIREMENT:
Govt employee at that time is exempted from tax.
Leave encashment while in service is taxable

13. Leave Encashment (cont.)
NON GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEES are chargeable to tax on leave encashment while in service
LEAVE ENCASHMENT AT TIME OF RETIREMENT:
He is exempted on basis of least of the following:
1.period of earned leave (in no.of months) to the credit of employee at the time of his retirement or leaving the job)* average monthly salary
2.10 months *average monthly salary
3. the amt. specified by the government (Rs.3,00,000)
4. leave encashment actually received at the time of retirement

14. AVERAGE MONTHLY SALARY?
HOW TO FIND OUT
AVERAGE MONTHLY SALARY?
Salary for this purpose means
1.basic salary and includes
2 .dearness allowances if terms of employment so provide
3.Commision if it is fixed % based on turnover (B+C+D)
It is calculated on the basis of average salary drawn during the period of 10 months immediately preceding the retirement.( date wise)

15. Leave travel concession (LTC) is exempt twice in a block of FOUR years.
LTC is available to an Indian citizen for proceeding on leave for himself and his family (family includes spouse, children, dependent parents ,brother and sister)
Amount of exemption is the actual fare paid for travel anywhere in India by the economy class airfare of national carrier by shortest route, or first class air conditioned rail fare, or any other mode not exceeding the shortest first class rail fare.
The current block is Jan 1,2010 – Dec 31,2013

16. GRATUITY 1. GRATUITY WHILE IN SERVICE IS FULLY TAXABLE
2. GRATUITY AS RETIREMENT BENEFITS
Government employee –fully exempt Sec 10(10)(i)
Non-government employee covered under Payment of Gratuity Act, partially exempt under section 10 (10)(ii)
Non-government employees not covered by the Payment of Gratuity Act ,1972- partially exempt under section 10(10)(iii)

17. GRATUITY (cont.) IN CASE OF GOVT EMPLOYEES:
wholly exempt ( Gratuilty limit is Rs 10 lacs)
IN CASE OF EMPLOYEES COVERED UNDER PAYMENT OF GRATUITY ACT:
15 days salary based on last drawn for each year of service (26 days a month as working days)
gratuity actually received
The least of the above (not exceeding Rs.10 lacs) is exempt from tax.
IN CASE OF EMPLOYEES NOT COVERED UNDER PAYMENT OF GRATUITY ACT:
Half month's average salary for every completed year of service. (Average salary means the average of the salary drawn by the employee for 10 months immediately preceding the month in which he retires) days a month as working days)

18. GRATUITY (cont.)
how to find length of service -6 months or less then ignored, More than 6 months taken as 1 full year
what is salary: Salary means last drawn by employee and includes dearness allowance
how to determine 15 days salary -calculated by dividing salary last drawn by 26 days

19. Provident Fund Statutory Recognised Public Unrecognised PF PF PF PF
Employees Eligible for No deduction
Contribution Deduction U/S 80C U/S 80C
Employers
Contribution Exempted N.A No exemption
upto 12%
Interest Exempt as notified No tax Taxable
9.5%

20. PERQUISITES It means any benefit in addition to salary and wages.
Any sum paid by the employer which otherwise
would have been payable by the employee.
Eg. Rent free house accommodation,
car, amenities provided free of cost,
concessional interest on housing loan, etc
The benefit from the employer to be
charged as salary
It could be in cash or in kind
It should have a legal origin

21. Perquisites taxable (Category A)
Perquisites taxable in the hands of all employees
(whether fringe benefit tax payable or not by employer)
Furnished /Unfurnished house without rent or at a concession (Exception: house in a remote area, house for MPs, and stay in hotel on transfer not exceeding 15 days)
Service of sweeper, gardener (not taxable for non specified employee)
Education facility to employees family members (not taxable for non specified employee)

22. Perquisites taxable (with or without FBT)
Contribution by employer to effect an assurance on the life of the employee or to effect an annuity
Interest free loan (exempted : Loan not exceeding Rs.20000, or loan for medical treatment)
Use of Employers movable assets are taxable except laptop, desktop & car

23. Perquisites taxable (Category B)
1.Car or other automotive conveyance (not taxable for non specified employee)
2. Transport facility by a Transport undertaking( not railways & airlines)
3. Traveling touring accomodation
4. Free Food & Beverage (Rs.50 within office hours exempt)
5. Gift voucher beyond Rs.5000
6 Club Membership & credit Card

24. SPECIFIED EMPLOYEE A director is a specified employee
An employee who holds 20% or more voting power (called substantial interest)
Where an employee is drawing salary of more than Rs.50,000 per year ( without considering non monetary benefit and exemptions like HRA) but , since the minimum exemption limit is Rs.1,60,000, practically all tax payers are specified employees.

25. Rent Free Unfurnished Accomodation
Classified as Central & State Government Employees
Private Sector Employees

26. Central & State Govt. Employees
Accommodation provided to MPs, judges of High court & Supreme Courts, employees who are in Govt. service and to whom accommodation is provided by virtue of their employment , is exempted from any tax

27. Valuation of Rent Free Unfurnished Accommodation (private sector)
Population as per 2001 census
Property owned by Employer
Leased or rent
Above 25 lakhs
15% of salary for the period
Amount of lease rent or 15% of salary
Between
lakhs
10% of salary for the period
Same as above
Any other
7.5% of salary for the period

28. Meaning of salary for calculating the value of Rent Free Accommodation
Salary includes –
- basic salary
- DA ( if terms of employment provide)
- bonus, commission, fees
- all other taxable allowances
- any monetary payment chargeable to tax, but not monetary payments in the nature of perquisite

29. Exception to accomodation rules
It is not applicable to an accommodation located in a remote area (40 kms from town) and in a mining, project ,oil exploration site
Where on account of transfer, an employee is given two accommodation , only one will be taxed for 90 days. Beyond that the lesser of the two will be taxed.

30. Furnished accomodation
Step 1: Find out the value of the accomodation without the value of the furniture
Add 10% of the value of furniture if owned by employer or actual hire charges when hired
( Furniture includes TV, fridge, radio and any household appliances)

31. Furnished accomodation in a Hotel
It Includes accommodation in a motel, guest house.
The value of perquisite is the lower of the two.
24% of salary paid during the period when accommodation is taken or
Actual amount paid by the employer
(not taxable if provided for 15 days in a P.Y. and when an employee is transferred)

32. Accomodation at a concessional value
Value is determined as follows:
Find out the value of accomodation as if it is not provided at a concession
Deduct the value of rent charged from the employee

33. Perquisite of free domestic servants
When servants are engaged by employee and reimbursed by employer, taxable in all cases
When engaged by employer only specified employees are taxable
Servant allowances are always taxable
If servants are provided in a rent free accomodation , they are not valued separately

34. Valuation of gas, electric energy or water supply
All assesses are taxable except non specified employees

35. Deductions from salary
Standard Deduction- No deduction is available now.
Professional Tax paid in previous year
Entertainment allowance: available only for Government employees