2. Quiz #1 Chemical Rxns and Safety 1.If you don’t know what to do in a lab, what should you do? 2.What is the correct way to write the formula for oxygen? 3.In the formula Ca 2 (C 2 H 3 O 2 ) 2 What elements are present? 4.How many of each element is present in the formula of calcium acetate (in question 3)? 5.Balance the following: __Na + __O 2  __Na 2 O 6. What does Na (s) symbolize? 1.Ask the teacher for help/ clarification! Never do anything in lab if you are still confused, you can hurt yourself or others. 2.O 2 3.Ca, C, H, and O 4.2 Ca, 4 C, 6 H, 4 O 5. 4 Na + O 2  2 Na 2 O 6.Na (s) means sodium (solid) (solid sodium)

3. Metals react with halogens. 2Na + Cl 2  2 NaCl 2 Co + 3 F 2  2 CoF 3 2 K + I 2  2 KI Sr + Br 2  SrBr 2 2Mg + O 2  2 MgO

4. Synthesis reactions can also occur with oxides. Active metal oxides react with water to form hydroxides. ex: CaO + H 2 O  Ca(OH) 2 Many oxides of nonmetals react with water to form oxyacids. ex: SO 2 + H 2 O  H 2 SO 3 Some metal oxides react with nonmetal oxides to form salts. CaO + SO 2  CaSO 3

5. Practice Active metal oxides react with water to form hydroxides. ex: MgO + H 2 O  ________ Many oxides of nonmetals react with water to form oxyacids. ex: SO 3 + H 2 O  _________ Some metal oxides react with nonmetal oxides to form salts. Na 2 O + 2NO 2  ________ Mg(OH) 2 H 2 SO 4 2 NaNO 3

6. Decomposition AX  A + X 2H 2 O  2H 2 + O 2 O H H O H H Electrolysis: decomposition of a substance by an electric current.

7. Decomposition AX  A + X 2HgO  2Hg + O 2 O Hg O This reaction occurs when you heat orange colored mercury (II) oxide. Silver mercury and oxygen gas form.

8. Decomposition of metal carbonates ACO 3  AO + CO 2 (g) CaCO 3 (s)  CaO (s) + CO 2 (g) O Ca O This reaction occurs when you heat calcium carbonate. calcium oxide and carbon dioxide form. O C

9. Decomposition of metal hydroxides AOH  AO + CO 2 (g) Ca(OH) 2 (s)  CaO (s) + H 2 O (g) H Ca O This reaction occurs when you heat calcium hydroxide calcium oxide and water form. O H

10. Decomposition of metal chlorates AClO 3  ACl + O 2 (g) 2KClO 3 (s)  2KCl (s) + 3O 2 (g) K O This reaction occurs when you heat potassium chlorate. potassium chloride and oxygen form. Cl O K O O O O

11. Decomposition of acids H 2 CO 3 (aq)  H 2 O (g) + CO 2 (g) Carbonic acid decomposes when warmed. water and carbon dioxide form. O O O C H H

12. Single Displacement A+ BX  AX + B or: Y + BX  BY + X Replacement of a metal in a compound by another metal. 2 Al (s) + 3Pb(NO 3 ) 2  3Pb +2 Al(NO 3 ) 3 Al Pb 2+ N O O O N O O O N O O O N O O O N O O O N O O O

13. Single Displacement A+ BX  AX + B or: Y + BX  BY + X Replacement of a metal in a compound by another metal. 2 Al (s) + 3Pb(NO 3 ) 2  3Pb +2 Al(NO 3 ) 3 Al 3+ Pb N O O O N O O O N O O O N O O O N O O O N O O O

14. Single Displacement A+ BX  AX + B or: Y + BX  BY + X Replacement of a hydrogen in a compound by a metal. 2 Na (s) + 2 H 2 O (l)  2 NaOH (aq) + H 2 (g) Na O H H O H H

15. Single Displacement A+ BX  AX + B or: Y + BX  BY + X Replacement of a hydrogen in a compound by a metal. Mg (s) + 2 HCl (aq)  MgCl 2 (aq) + H 2 (g) Mg Cl H H

16. Single Displacement A+ BX  AX + B or: Y + BX  BY + X Replacement of halogens Cl 2 (g) + 2 KBr (aq)  2 KCl (aq) + Br 2 (g) Cl K Br K Cl

17. Double Replacement Reactions (double displacement) Formation of a precipitate. 2 KI (aq) + Pb(NO 3 ) 2 (aq)  PbI 2 (s) + 2 KNO 3 (aq) K K I Pb 2+ N O O O N O O O I

18. Double Replacement Reactions (double displacement) Formation of a gas. FeS (s) + 2 HCl(aq)  H 2 S (g) + FeCl 2 (aq) Fe 2+ S Cl H H

19. Double Replacement Reactions (double displacement) Formation of a water. NaOH (s) + HCl(aq)  H 2 O (l) + NaCl 2 (aq) Na + Cl H O H

20. Combustion Reactions A substance combines with oxygen, releasing a large amount of energy in the form of light and heat. 2 H 2 (g) + O 2 (g)  2 H 2 O O H H O H H

21. Combustion Reactions A substance combines with oxygen, releasing a large amount of energy in the form of light and heat. C 3 H 8 (g) +5 O 2 (g)  4 H 2 O + 3 CO 2 C CC H H H H H H H H O O O O O O O O O O

22. Combustion Reactions A substance combines with oxygen, releasing a large amount of energy in the form of light and heat. C 3 H 8 (g) +5 O 2 (g)  4 H 2 O + 3 CO 2 C C C H H H H H H H H O O O O O O O O O O