1. Río de Janeiro 18 July 2009 Science & Technology Indicators for EULARINET

2. Objectives The aim of this EULARINET study is: To analyse the scientific and technological performance of Latin-American (LA) countries and their collaboration with the EU-27 plus Norway, during the period 2002-2006 To measure and analyse the impact that collaboration with Europe has for Latin America by thematic area

3. The Web of Science (WoS) database was used Publications of LA countries were obtained by a search strategy including the name of the countries and the publication years (2002-2006) (6 FP) Data downloaded from the WoS database were included in a local database built at IEDCYT-CSIC WoS subfields were assigned to a selection of 10 broad scientific areas Full count of documents was applied Citations of period 2002-2006 were considered Countries analysed: - North America: Mexico - Central America: Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama - South America: Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguay, Peru, Uruguay, Venezuela Source and methodology

4. Principal indicators 1.Production of Latin-American countries - Number of documents per LA country: total and annual evolution - Percentage of documents of each LA country as a percentage of the world output - Specialisation index (SI) of each LA country by scientific area 2Impact of Latin-American countries - Number of citations per document and percentage of non cited documents by LA country and by scientific area - Relative citation indicators as compared to the whole LA region for each country and area 3 Collaboration between Latin-American countries and EU-27 plus Norway - Number and percentage of documents of each LA country in collaboration with EU countries - Collaboration profiles of countries by area - Participation in international networks, size of the networks and collaboration with third countries (Social Network Analysis) 4 Visibility of LA-EU collaborative papers - Influence of EU collaboration on the impact of LA countries by area (Impact Collaboration Rate= citations/doc of LA-EU collaborative papers vs. citations/doc of only domestic LA papers)

5. Results: LA production Number of WoS documents per Latin-American country. Yearly evolution

6. Results: production by area Thematic profile of Latin- American output (all countries) (WoS 2002-2006) Yearly evolution of the output from Latin-America (all countries) per thematic area

7. Thematic profile of Latin-American countries N = 94023 N = 37807 N = 29799 N = 15983 N = 6325 N = 4982 N = 2344 N = 2277 N = 1657 N = 990 N = 887 N = 685 N = 430 N = 214 N = 210 N = 181 N = 106 N = 52 Results: production by area Medium producers High producers Low producers

8. Results: relative indicators by area MEXICO

9. Results: relative indicators by area BRAZIL

10. Results: relative indicators by area ARGENTINA

11. Clinical Medicine Specialization Index (SI) and relative citations per document by country (WoS 2002-2006) Results: relative indicators by area N = 48625

12. Results: relative indicators by area Agriculture, Biology & Environmental Sciences Specialization Index (SI) and relative citations per document by country (WoS 2002- 2006) N = 43886

13. Biomedical Research Specialization Index (SI) and relative citations per document by country (WoS 2002- 2006) Results: relative indicators by area N = 43805

14. Physics Specialization Index (SI) and relative citations per document by country (WoS 2002- 2006) Results: relative indicators by area N = 35442

15. Engineering and Technology Specialization Index (SI) and relative citations per document by country (WoS 2002-2006) Results: relative indicators by area N = 28327

16. Chemistry Specialization Index (SI) and relative citations per document by country (WoS 2002-2006) N = 20915 Results: relative indicators by area

17. Results: collaboration Collaboration profile by country

18. Results: collaboration Collaboration between LA and European countries

19. Results: collaboration Strongest collaboration links between large and medium size Latin- American countries and European countries (percentages)

20. Percentage of EU-LA collaboration vs. total LA international collaboration by area Low producers Medium producers High producers Results: collaboration

21. Percentages of EU-LA collaboration versus total LA publication by area Low producers Medium producers High producers Results: collaboration

22. International collaboration of Mexico (N=15834 doc. with int. coll.) Results: collaboration Note: the distance between nodes is proportional to the number of documents in collaboration

23. International collaboration of Brazil (N=27832 doc. with int. coll.) Note: the distance between nodes is proportional to the number of documents in collaboration Results: collaboration

24. International collaboration of Argentina (N=11999 doc. with int. coll.) Results: collaboration Note: the distance between nodes is proportional to the number of documents in collaboration

25. Results: collaboration per area Clinical Medicine. International LA collaboration (countries with >100 documents in collaboration) Note: only links of LA countries with other countries are shown. Thickness of lines represents number of documents in collaboration. Nucleus is marked with red points ellipse.

26. Clinical Medicine. Collaboration between Latin-American and European countries (only countries with >100 documents in collaboration) Results: collaboration per area

27. Agriculture, Biology & Environmental Sciences. International collaboration (countries with >100 documents in collaboration) Note: only links of LA countries with other countries are shown. Thickness of lines represents number of documents in collaboration. Nucleus is marked with red points ellipse. Results: collaboration per area

28. Agriculture, Biology & Environmental Sciences. Collaboration between LA and EU countries (only countries with >100 documents in collaboration) Results: collaboration per area

29. Biomedical Research. International collaboration (countries with >100 documents in collaboration) Note: only links of LA countries with other countries are shown. Thickness of lines represents number of documents in collaboration. Nucleus is marked with red points ellipse. Results: collaboration per area

30. Biomedical Research. Collaboration between Latin-American and European countries (only countries with >100 documents in collaboration) Results: collaboration per area

31. Physics. International collaboration (countries with >100 documents in collaboration) Note: only links of LA countries with other countries are shown. Thickness of lines represents number of documents in collaboration. Nucleus is marked with red points ellipse. Results: collaboration per area

32. Physics. LA-EU collaboration (only countries with >100 documents in collaboration) Results: collaboration per area

33. Results: visibility of LA-EU collaboration Citations/doc in collaboration between LA countries with EU (and Norway) by area Note: Only data from countries with >45 documents by area and >10 documents in collaboration with EU are shown. Highest values in each area are shaded

34. Citations/doc. in LA only publications (without international collaboration) by thematic area Note: Only data from countries with >45 documents by area and >10 documents as domestic publications by area are shown. Highest values in each area are shaded Results: visibility of LA-EU collaboration

35. Impact Collaboration Rate: citations/doc with EU collaboration vs. citations to only domestic publications Note: only data from countries with more than 10 documents as domestic publications and with more than 10 documents in collaboration with EU are shown. Highest values in each area are shaded. Results: visibility of LA-EU collaboration

36. Conclusions The increase of publications of the LA region in 2002-2006 has been larger than that of the world (32% versus 19%). Specialization profile: LA high producers have an homogeneous output distribution by areas. LA medium producers show a concentration especially in Agriculture, Biology & Environmental Sciences and Clinical Medicine. International collaboration: LA high producers have a uniform distribution of their collaboration profile. International collaboration grows when the size of the country decreases. LA high producers have a strong relationship with EU countries but in some small countries there is a predominance of links with the US. Social Network Analysis: Physics is the area with more dense collaboration networks, as show the high number of nodes and the stronger links between countries. Influence of EU collaboration with the LA region: The Impact Collaboration Rate (ICR) is calculated. This collaboration improves the visibility of all LA countries in the majority of areas. In those areas with greater production, the collaboration with the EU multiplies by a factor of 2 or 3 the number of citations per document.