1. Chemistry 2411: Organic Chemistry I Dr. Caroline Clower Spring 2014

2. Introduction to the course Role/check majors/id no shows Role/check majors/id no shows Attendance sheet Attendance sheet Short Syllabus / Syllabus on webpage Short Syllabus / Syllabus on webpage Course webpage Course webpage CHEM 2411 Lab: CHEM 2411 Lab: Starts January 23 (introduction and safety) Starts January 23 (introduction and safety) If taken previously and passed, don’t retake (see department head) If taken previously and passed, don’t retake (see department head)

3. Index Cards Index cards: Index cards: Name Name Major Major Plans after graduation Plans after graduation Job/hours work per week Job/hours work per week Hobbies, etc. Hobbies, etc. Previous experience with organic Previous experience with organic Grade you plan to earn in this class Grade you plan to earn in this class Anything else? Anything else?

4. ChemDraw Std 13.0 You will need this program for both lecture and laboratory. You will need this program for both lecture and laboratory. To download the program, go to To download the program, go to http://sitesubscription.cambridgesoft.com/ sitelicense.cfm?sid=2560 http://sitesubscription.cambridgesoft.com/ sitelicense.cfm?sid=2560 Use Internet Explorer or Firefox Use Internet Explorer or Firefox Use your CSU email to log on and follow instructions to download the program Use your CSU email to log on and follow instructions to download the program

5. What is organic chemistry? The study of the compounds of carbon The study of the compounds of carbon What did you do this morning?

6. Thalidomide Synthesized in 1954 Synthesized in 1954 Derivative of Valium and barbital Derivative of Valium and barbital Used as sedative Used as sedative Apparently low toxicity Apparently low toxicity Caused deformities in newborns Caused deformities in newborns

7. What will we learn about thalidomide in this class? Structure Structure Functional groups Functional groups Nomenclature Nomenclature Physical properties Physical properties Reactivity Reactivity How do these reactions occur (mechanisms) How do these reactions occur (mechanisms) The chemical reason for its therapeutic activity and side effects The chemical reason for its therapeutic activity and side effects

8. General chemistry topics to review Chapter 1: sections 1-5 Chapter 1: sections 1-5 Chapter 2: sections 1-3, 7-9, 12 Chapter 2: sections 1-3, 7-9, 12 Atomic structure Atomic structure p +, n 0, e -, atomic number, isotopes, etc. p +, n 0, e -, atomic number, isotopes, etc. Orbitals, shapes of s and p orbitals, nodes Orbitals, shapes of s and p orbitals, nodes Electronic structure of the atom Electronic structure of the atom Electron configurations (C = 1s 2 2s 2 2p 2 ) Electron configurations (C = 1s 2 2s 2 2p 2 ) Valence electrons Valence electrons Chemical Bonding Chemical Bonding Ionic, covalent Ionic, covalent Sigma bonds Sigma bonds Bond strength and length Bond strength and length

9. General chemistry topics to review Covalent Bonds Covalent Bonds Electronegativity Electronegativity Bond polarity Bond polarity Dipole moments Dipole moments Inductive effect (learn this term if you don’t already know it) Inductive effect (learn this term if you don’t already know it) Formal charges Formal charges

10. General chemistry topics to review Acids and Bases Acids and Bases Brønsted-Lowry definition Brønsted-Lowry definition Conjugate acids and bases Conjugate acids and bases K a and pK a (and relation to acid strength) K a and pK a (and relation to acid strength) Strong acids have weak conjugate bases Strong acids have weak conjugate bases Lewis acid definition Lewis acid definition Interactions between molecules (intermolecular forces, noncovalent interactions) Interactions between molecules (intermolecular forces, noncovalent interactions) Dipole-dipole Dipole-dipole Hydrogen bonding Hydrogen bonding Dispersion (van der Waals forces) Dispersion (van der Waals forces)

11. General chemistry topics to review Lewis (electron dot) structures and line-bond structures Lewis (electron dot) structures and line-bond structures Typical number of bonds: Typical number of bonds: H = 1 H = 1 C = 4 (never 5!!) C = 4 (never 5!!) N = 3 N = 3 O = 2 O = 2 Halogen (X) = 1 Halogen (X) = 1 Lone pairs (nonbonding electrons): Lone pairs (nonbonding electrons): N = 1 lone pair N = 1 lone pair O = 2 lone pairs O = 2 lone pairs X = 3 lone pairs X = 3 lone pairs

12. Draw these structures… C 2 H 6 C 2 H 6 CH 4 O CH 4 O C 3 H 6 (contains C=C) C 3 H 6 (contains C=C) C 4 H 10 (multiple possible answers) C 4 H 10 (multiple possible answers)